中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

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上方連結

字級

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資訊與服務

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BIM導入台灣綠建築設計案例實作研究

計畫主持人	鄭泰昇
協同主持人
執行單位	財團法人成大研究發展基金會
執行行程	103 年 02 月至 103 年 12 月
GPN	PG10301-0417
ISBN
MOIS
組別	工程技術組
執行方式	委託研究
關鍵詞	建築資訊模型、綠建築、建築設計
參考文獻

中文摘要：ㄧ、研究緣起
　　建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)近十年來已是全世界各國AEC(Architecture, Engineering, Construction)產業最關注的議題，運用BIM的技術與管理，形成策略發展優勢，更是各國政府努力發展的方向。為了提昇政府「黃金十年—國家願景」的智慧綠建築產業，有必要開發BIM的本土應用，以開放標準為基礎，利用3D自動化整合綠建築生命週期需要的程序與管理技術，增加BIM在AEC產業所帶來的競爭力。BIM的綠建築本土應用，首要項目乃是將BIM導入台灣綠建築的設計流程與標章，特別是針對建築節能評估的實務與策略，針對國內一般的建築設計流程及專業人員，以及不同用途需求、不同設計團隊組合的特化，包括最基本的國內綠建築專章或標章等更為本土的應用分別進行研究。
二、研究方法及過程
　　本研究擬以102年「BIM應用於建築節能評估的實務與策略」研究案為基礎，針對某一類型之建築案例，實際進行建模作業，探討綠建築規定應用BIM時，建模軟體內建元件所附帶的資訊，是否足?供作國內綠建築計算，要探討之相關議題如：應與BIM整合的綠建築本土資料庫有那些? 業務流程應如何調整? 現行條文可否適用BIM技術來模擬? 如何進行計算的分類篩選? 本研究針對中小型建築師事務所，以一個綠建築實際案例，從五個層級示範BIM如何導入台灣綠建築設計：
 BIM綠建築設計專案需求、
 BIM綠建築建模需求、
 BIM綠建築設計作業流程、
 BIM綠建築實際案例實作、
 BIM綠建築設計檢核。

三、重要發現
期末現階段成果包括：
１. 辦理第一場專家學者座談會，實地訪查4家建築師事務所之相關設計流程及2家BIM工程顧問公司，深入瞭解BIM於台灣目前之運行狀況。
２. 舉辦BIM Young Generation Forum 論壇，邀集17位年輕世代BIM專業人員進行演講，深耕台灣BIM的本土教育
３. 蒐集台灣綠建築BIM設計實例，並以資訊交付手冊(IDM)的格式，分別對建築物的基本設計階段與細部設計階段，研擬資訊交付流程。
４. 研發Revit平台中之API工作架構，針對綠建築節能指標裡的單一指標項目進行資訊化的可行性分析並建議相關軟體技術。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
立即可行—建立一套適用於國內綠建築規範之公用模型元件庫
主辦機關: 內政部建築研究所、、內政部營建署
協辦單位：中華民國全國建築師公會、財團法人臺灣建築中心、臺灣綠建材產業發展協會、臺灣綠建築發展協會
　　國內綠建築EEWH規範中有多個指標項目，是以計算特定物件數量之方式，或是以萃取特定物件屬性之方式來進行統計評分，如果在BIM建築模型中使用了正確的模型元件，就能針對這些指標來進行自動法規效能評估。
　　要在BIM模型中，以模型元件來為上述指標進行計量或統計評分，所使用之元件就必須要有正確物件命名、構造組成、資料結構。大部分BIM建模軟體，都能把預先建置好的元件，載入建築模型中，市面上也有許多由廠商提供的模型元件庫。但考量國內公共工程採購法令之規定，設計圖面不宜指定特定廠商產品，因此需要由具有公信力的單位或公學會，來為這些與綠建築標章相關的建材、設備、或構造詳圖，建立一套公用元件庫，讓設計單位在建模時就能直接取用元件模型。公用元件庫中所收納的元件模型，僅包含一般性、通用性模型資訊，也包含指標項目所適用的資料內容及資料結構。

建議二
立即可行—開發可適用於綠建築指標審查之BIM模型樣版
主辦機關: 內政部建築研究所、內政部營建署
協辦機關:財團法人臺灣建築中心、臺灣綠建築發展協會、中華民國公共工程資訊協會、財團法人成大研究發展基會
　　建管條文的BIM建模樣版開發，依照推行難易度可分為以下三個層次，本建議針對第一項。
 送審表格樣版：以明細表或圖紙設定表單格式，協助設計單位建立標章審查所需要的表格。
 法規基本計量：以明細表連結模型參數，搭配簡易的元件參數及公式，協助設計單位進行計量型標章項目計算。
 法規進階分析：以模型樣版配合進階的API程式，協助設計單位進行較複雜的標章項目審查。
　　國內EEWH綠建築標章送審，包含多項評分表格，以及多項配套的設計圖說。設計單位於備審文件的製作過程中，必須透過人力將相關資訊填入表格、進行統計。若使用BIM平台，則可以配合相關的BIM軟體技術，自動從模型中擷取資訊，來製作成表格。因此如果能建立一套適用於綠建築法規審查之BIM建模樣版，就能降低備審作業過程中，因整理各項綠建築指標評估表，所消耗的工時人力，減少錯誤。開發相容於政府法規的BIM模型樣版經驗，國內外已有案例可參考，可以參照新加坡及新北市為自動化建照審查系統所開發的建模樣版。
建議三
中長期建議—研發BIM建模平台上-綠建築指標之效能評估輔助程式
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所、內政部營建署
協辦機關：中華民國全國建築師公會、財團法人臺灣建築中心、臺灣綠建築發展協會
　　建議於BIM建模軟體下，研發綠建築指標之效能評估輔助程式，依照本研究為EEWH各標章項目所進行的資訊化可行性評估(第七章)，並對Revit程式進行技術調查，歸類出幾種國內綠建築法規所需要的相關程式技術。
這些程式依照開發之難易度，由簡而難列舉如下，
較容易可行之程式技術，包含:
 公式數值計算
 物件數量統計
 物件屬性資料之萃取
較複雜之幾何處理程式技術，包含:
 幾何碰撞處理 (日常節能指標之建築外殼節能項目)
 量體形狀判斷 (二氧化碳減量指標之平立面形狀係數)
 通風路徑評估 (室內環境指標之室內環境指標之自然通風潛力VP及自然採光性能NL等項目)

建議四
中長期建議—建置雲端化之土管資料庫，使BIM建模平台能直接取得外部資料
主辦機關：內政部營建署、各縣市政府（對象太多，建議可先針對目前有在應用BIM的臺北市政府都市發展局、新北市政府工務局、臺中市政府都市發展局）
協辦機關：內政部建研所
　　國內綠建築標章，有許多指標項目之標準值或查表值，都必須配合建築物所在基地之區位屬性而有不同標準。EEWH標章項目所需要之外部資料，例如: 基地生態區位屬性、土地使用類型、基地降雨集水狀況等。如果政府單位能在雲端網路平台，為建管條例建置相關線上資料庫，如:氣候資料庫、土管資料庫、法令資料庫，就能使BIM模型直接連結這些資料庫。當設計單位在建模時，僅需要在BIM平台上之專案資訊選單上輸入正確的申請案號、基地地號，就能以API程式來連結外部資料庫，取得法規計算所需要的土管數據。如此不僅能強化提升綠建築標章內部自動審查的效率，對於國內土地圖資的雲端化也有相當助益。
英文摘要：I. Background
BIM (Building Information Modeling) is becoming a popular topic for AEC (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) industry around the world in recent ten years. Most governments have attempted to develop strategies and policies of BIM technology to transform AEC industry. For Taiwan government’s vision called “Golden Decade National Vision”, it is necessary to develop local applications of BIM based on open standards and 3D visualization techniques to manage building life cycle process for green buildings. The purpose is to use BIM technology to enhance the global competiveness of AEC industry in Taiwan. The major BIM-based green building development is to intergrade BIM with Taiwan green building design workflow and regulations. One of the challenges is to conduct research on integration of a set of BIM tools such as energy-saving simulations and development of BIM strategies for local AEC practice.

II. Research Methods
The objective of this research is to develop the applications of BIM technology in green building design, in particular, for use in Taiwan’s green building assessment. Our work is based on the previous research work conducted by Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior. We focus on the real-world architectural practice of green building design, and explore the applications of built-in BIM components. We explore how to adapt BIM into green building design process. A set of research issues quickly arise are: What are the local green building databases that should be integrated with BIM? How to adjust BIM-based design workflow? Is simulation via BIM techniques suitable for current green building labels assessment? How to classify and integrate the computation results? In this research, we aim at small and medium-sized architect offices, take an actual green building design example, and demonstrate how to adapt BIM into the green building design process. There are five different research topics to be explored:
i. BIM-based green building design project management requirements,
ii. BIM-based green building modeling requirements,
iii. BIM-based green building design workflows,
iv. BIM-based green building case studies and implementation, and
v. BIM-based green building labels assessment.
III. Key findings
The results and key findings of this research work include:
1. Conducted an AEC expert forum, field studies of four architecture firms for inquiring information of design workflows, and interviewed two BIM construction consultancy for deeper understanding of the current status of BIM applications in Taiwan.
2. Conducted two BIM Young Generation Forums, invited 17 young generation BIM professionals to present their experiences on BIM, and cultivate BIM design talents in Taiwan.
3. Collected information of Taiwan green building BIM design cases, and used IDM formats to map out information deliver process in real practice, including preliminary design stage and detailed design stage conducted in architectural firms.
4. Developed a framework for Revit API applications, conducted feasibility analysis of a green building label, e.g. green building energy saving indicator, and suggested automated checking of green building labels in Taiwan.
IV. Suggestions
Suggestion one (Feasible Immediately): Establish a national BIM object library that is suitable for green building regulations in Taiwan.
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, National Architects Association, Architectural Institute of Taiwan
The Taiwan green building EEWH regulation has multiple indicator labels, which statistically grading via calculate quantity of specific objects, or extract properties from specific objects. If a proper model component used in BIM architecture model correctly, the system can perform automate regulation performance evaluation to the indicators.
To use the model components for calculate or stat the grading among indicators in BIM models, the components been used have to has correct object name, structure composition, data structure. Most of the BIM modeling software is capable of loading pre-built components into architecture models. For now, there are also lots of company provide modeling component library. However, by considering the regulation of Government Public Construction Procurement Act, it is not allowed to assign particular company’s product to design models. Hence, it is necessary to have a public trust unit or institute to construct a public library for the material, equipment, or construction blueprint that related to green building mark. In this sense, designers can access component models directly during modeling. The component models that collect in public component library are limited to common, universal model information, and the data content and structure that suitable for indicator items.
Suggestion two (Feasible Immediately): Develop BIM modeling template that can be used for local green building indicator assessment.
Organizers: Architecture and building research institute, Ministry of the interior
Co-organizer: Chinese Public Works Engineering Information Association, Department of Architecture, National Chung Kung University

According to the development of BIM model template from the regulation in Architecture Management Bureau, it can be categorized with difficulties as three levels as following: (The suggestion is focus on the first one)
 Table Templates for Approval: assist design units to establish the required table forms for mark examination via detailed list or blueprint setting table format.
 Basic calculation for Regulation: assist design units to calculate quantified mark items via detailed list that connected with parameters in models, and cooperate with simple components parameters and formula.
 Advanced Law Analysis: assist design units to perform complex mark item examination via model templates and advanced API programs.
For the EEWH green building mark approval process in Taiwan, multiple rating forms and supporting design diagrams are included. During the application production process, design units need human powers to fill related information into table forms, and perform statistics calculation. If the BIM platform has been used in design process, the information can be extracted from 3D model via BIM software, and generate table forms automatically. Hence, if a BIM modeling template that compatible on green building regulation examination can be established, the human power and mistakes can be minimized during the preparation of approval application process. For now, some related cases in both domestic and overseas could be referenced for developing the template that compatible with government regulation. Singapore and New Taipei City are the two of the good examples to take as reference to develop automate construction permit review system.
Suggestion three (in mid-long term): Develop an automated evaluation system for green building labels assessment on a BIM modeling platform.
Organizers: Architecture and building research institute, Ministry of the interior
Co-organizer: National Architects Association, Architectural institute of Taiwan
We suggest a performance evaluation aided program of green building indicator in BIM modeling software can be developed. According to the information feasibility evaluation result for EEWH mark items from this research (chapter 7), and the techniques research on Revit programs, we categorized several programming techniques that needed by green building regulation in Taiwan.
The programs are list as below according to difficulty for development, from simple to complex:
The more simple and applicable program techniques includes:
 Numerical formula calculation
 Object quantity statistics
 Object attribute data extraction
The more complex geometry processing program techniques includes:
 Geometry Crash Handling (the building facade energy-saving item in daily energy-saving indicator)
 Building Shape Determination ( the Plan and facade of carbon dioxide reduction indicators)
 Ventilation Path Evaluation (Ventilation Potential and Natural Lighting performance to indoor environment index)

Suggestion four (in mid-long term): Develop a cloud BIM database for building and land management, and a BIM-enabled modeling platform in support of data interoperability.
Organizers: Construction and Planning Agency Ministry of the Interior, Local Governments
Co-organizer: Architecture and building research institute, Ministry of the interior
There are many standard value and table value of indicators item have different standard need to coordinate with the site location property for green building regulation. The EEWH regulation item demands the external information such as the property of ecological location in site, land-used type, the status of raining catchment and other condition. If government can establishes an online database for construction and management regulations in I-cloud platform as climate database, land management database, and regulation database, BIM model can connects with database. When a design unite create a model, they can enter correct application case number, site lot number into the project information menu in BIM platform, and then though API connect with external database and calculate the data from land management regulation connect with external database. It will be a benefit for improve the efficiency of automatic checking system in green building regulation, and strengthen to create cloud-based of land figure database.

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BIM導入台灣綠建築設計案例實作研究.pdf
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中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

研究成果

BIM導入台灣綠建築設計案例實作研究