隨著建築產業加速邁向數位轉型與淨零碳排，建築資訊建模（BIM）與人工智慧（AI）已成為關鍵技術。然而，台灣廣大的中小型建築事務所正面臨商業軟體授權成本高昂，以及生成式 AI 硬體算力建置門檻過高的雙重困境，導致數位落差日益擴大。
本計畫旨在提出一套基於「開源自由軟體（FOSS）」與「數位雙生 AI 算力共享」的整合解決方案。研究核心採用 Blender 搭配 Bonsai (原 BlenderBIM) 作為原生 IFC 編輯環境，並導入 Model Context Protocol
(MCP) 作為 AI 與建模工具間的標準化通訊協定，試圖打破專有軟體的封閉性。同時，為解決硬體資源不足問題，本計畫建構了一套分散式算力共享架構，透過加密傳輸與動態負載平衡技術，讓閒置的 GPU 資源得以跨網域共享。
後續計畫將聚焦於「社會住宅標準單元」的實務驗證，利用已開發之工具鏈進行結構與外覆系統的設計決策輔助（造價與能耗模擬），並產出符合 ISO 16739 標準之 IFC 交付模型。本研究最終將釋出相關開源套件與操作手冊，期能有效降低技術與成本門檻，協助中小型事務所導入 AI 輔助設計，落實建築產業智慧轉型與資源共享之政策目標。
", "英文摘要": "As the architectural industry accelerates toward digital transformation and netzero emissions, Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have emerged as pivotal technologies. However, a vast number of small and medium-sized architectural firms in Taiwan face a dual challenge: the prohibitive licensing costs of commercial software and the high barrier to establishing the hardware computing power required for generative AI. These factors have led to a widening digital divide within the industry.
This project aims to propose an integrated solution based on "Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)" and "Digital Twin AI Computing Power Sharing." The core of this research adopts Blender paired with Bonsai (formerly BlenderBIM) as a Native IFC editing environment. It introduces the Model Context Protocol (MCP) as a standardized communication protocol between AI and modeling tools, attempting to break through the closed ecosystem of proprietary software.
Furthermore, to address the issue of insufficient hardware resources, this project constructs a distributed computing power sharing architecture. Through encrypted transmission and dynamic load balancing technologies, this architecture allows idle GPU resources to be shared across networks.
Subsequent phases of the plan will focus on the practical verification of standard units in social housing. The developed toolchain will be utilized for design decision support regarding structural and cladding systems—specifically in cost estimation and energy simulation—and will produce IFC delivery models that comply with the ISO 16739 standard. Ultimately, this research intends to release relevant open-source packages and operation manuals. The goal is to effectively lower technical and cost barriers, assisting small and medium-sized firms in adopting AI-aided design, thereby implementing the policy objectives of intelligent transformation and resource sharing in the construction industry.
", "相關檔案": "114年度「開源自由軟體與數位雙生AI算力共享整合技術之研究－以社會住宅為例」業務委託之專業服務案成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339207/2397dde5-8033-43d7-8073-1402734f9f5b.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336823", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 05:54:00 GMT", "title": "建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊精進之研究", "計畫主持人": "蔡匡忠", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-08-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "防火避難、避難安全性能、煙層時間驗證、煙層高度驗證", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
台灣地狹人稠，土地資源之有效利用已成為重要課題之一，建築物逐漸朝向都市集中，為滿足居住與使用需求，建築物已有高層化、集合化、大型化及多元複合化發展之趨勢，傳統規格式法規(Route A)適用時常無法完整評估建築物之火災風險，進而發展出性能式法規。以往利用煙層時間驗證法(B1)評估建築物防火避難安全性能之驗證法以越趨不足，煙層時間驗證法係基於將避難過程拆解為「避難開始時間+步行時間+出口通過時間」三者之和，與火災產生的煙層下降時間(至1.8 m)之比較。而日本於2023年提出新型評估之避難安全性能驗證法-煙層高度驗證法(B2)，此驗證法為當樓層或建築物中所有人員結束避難所需時間經過時，確認該樓層或建築物中發生火災產生之煙或有毒氣體高度不低於對避難有障礙之高度方法，並說明其適用之範圍較廣且評估後之避難安全性能更高。因此本研究將探討日本避難安全驗證法最新發展及更新之處，包含日本告示474號至476號等法令，及探討國內與日本執行上之現況，並利用計算範例分析煙層時間驗證法(B1)及煙層高度驗證法(B2)之差異性。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究將以資料蒐集、手冊內容研討及專家座談諮詢三方式進行彙編與增修工作:
1.資料蒐集
蒐集日本最新版之性能驗證方法(煙層高度驗證法(B2))及相關法規(474號、475號及476號等)，我國防火避難評定機構之討論記錄及問題分析，以提供修訂國內建物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊修訂之參考。
2.手冊內容研討
針對目前「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊」再次進行研討及勘誤，以提出增修手冊之建議方案，其中建研所相關研究之結果將為主要之研討方向，例如簡易二層驗證法之研究成果，將輻射熱計算納入，讓煙層模擬計算更合理優化。
3.專家座談諮詢
擬定「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊」修訂版之初步架構與議題後，將彙整各領域專家及建管、消防行政審查人員及業界團體之意見，檢討本研究之課題內容，並邀請實際執行建築設計及防火安全避難驗證之專家擔任本研究之專家諮詢委員。
三、重要發現
一、探討國內現行之煙層時間驗證法(B1)及日本提出之煙層高度驗證法(B2)之差異性，並比較分析兩者針對不同類型同一案件之安全性能評估。:
1.不同驗證法(B1/B2)應用於居室避難驗證法，其於計算上具相當大之差異性，煙層高度驗證法(B2)新增出口滯留時間、煙層上升溫度及煙層下端高度等計算，且於熱釋放率及避難開始時間皆增加不同參數之考量。
2.以往煙層時間驗證法(B1)無法適用於特定場所(醫院、療養院等)，然隨社會發展、老年人口增長，使相關場所增加而提高避難安全驗證之重視。因此日本發展之煙層高度驗證法(B2)可針對特定場所之避難安全驗證及考量消防設備之功用，且精確評估煙氣產生量與避難時間可更貼近實際情況。
3.以高層辦公大樓為例，分別採用B1及B2之驗證計算方式，以B1法驗證可符合安全性能，但採用B2法進行驗證，則因其熱釋放率會隨時間而呈現急遽變化，因標準層辦公室避難完成時間較長，故熱釋放率較高造成煙層下端高度低於1.8 m，進而使得整體的驗證避難安全性能不合格。
4.以托嬰中心為例，可發現B1法於小空間計算居室避難驗證時，容易因煙層下降時間過快造成避難失敗，然B2法可較有彈性之適用於小空間計算。但於整棟避難驗證中B1法可驗證合格，而B2則因其樓梯相鄰居室之煙層上升溫度及煙層下方高度之驗證，使得整棟驗證不合格。
二、研提建築物防火避難安全性能之煙層高度驗證法(B2)草案:
1.煙層高度驗證法(B2)草案包含居室、區劃、樓層及整棟避難安全驗證之公式計算及相關依據，並提出其各別驗證之定義。
2.煙層高度驗證法(B2)擺脫僅以時間差為依據之侷限，改為要求避難完成時，起火居室與鄰接空間的煙層下端高度仍應≥ 1.8 m，且煙層溫度需<180°C。避難時間計算則取「步行時間與出口滯留時間中較長者」，反映出口可能擁擠之真實避難情況。
3.煙層高度驗證法(B2)可提高建築物設計之靈活性(如內裝修材料之使用)，消防設備之運用及火源設計與煙氣產生量皆能更符合實際情況，並提出避難完成時間上限，避免特定空間驗證過程之避難時間無上限，高估其建築物之避難安全性能。
三、探討國內業界團體及建管機關於實務應用及審查評定過程中所產生之疑義，進行探討及改善，彙整國內及日本文獻及專家座談意見之結果，提出「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊第三版」進行編審與定稿:
1.提出新版建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊之勘誤修正、驗證技術更新、計算範例新增及定義說明與假設參數增列等事宜，並配合內政部建研所最新版煙層簡易二層法，修正納入手冊專節。
2.召開「建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊第三版」手冊編審會議，提出美編排版之格式，提出第三版手冊完整檔。
四、主要建議事項
建議一：
提出第三版建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
本研究依據113年度內政部建築研究所執行行政院國家科學技術發展基金管理會補助計畫之「都市風廊評估與智慧建築材料驗證精進計畫」，針對建築物防火避難安全性能驗證技術手冊之研析內容進行手冊新版之研擬。修正建築物防火避難安全驗證手冊之勘誤與詞句文意不通順等，並新增煙層簡易二層驗證法更新章節及高層辦公大樓計算範例，及新增設計單位及評定機構之手冊修訂事項，以更符合我國目前之使用現況。
建議二：
探討日本煙層高度驗證法(B2)於我國之可行性分析：中長程建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署、財團法人台灣建築中心
本研究研析煙層高度驗證法(B2)後，提出B2法較B1法能有效提升各類空間之驗證適用性。而B2法於提升建築物驗證適用性的同時，是否會與Route C所適用之類型有所重疊，若有重疊，應如何評估適用之驗證方法，以及確認該驗證法之合理性及有效性，係有必要深入研究B2法於我國之可行性。
", "英文摘要": "Reasrch bakground
Taiwan is a densely populated country with limited land resources, making the effective utilization of land one of the most critical issues today. As urbanization intensifies, buildings are increasingly developing toward greater height, density, scale, and functional complexity to meet residential and commercial needs. However, traditional prescriptive fire codes (Route A) often fall short in fully assessing the fire risks associated with such complex buildings, which has led to the development of performance-based codes. In the past, the Smoke Layer Time Verification Method (B1) was commonly used to assess the fire safety performance of buildings in terms of evacuation. This method evaluates whether the available safe egress time, calculated as the sum of pre-movement time, walking time, and exit time, is shorter than the time it takes for the smoke layer to descend to 1.8 meters above the floor. However, this approach is increasingly seen as insufficient for modern, complex buildings. In 2023, Japan introduced a new evaluation method for evacuation safety performance: the Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2). This method assesses whether, by the time all occupants on a given floor or within a building have completed evacuation, the height of the smoke or toxic gas layer remains above a level that would obstruct safe evacuation. This new method offers broader applicability and is considered to provide a higher level of evacuation safety performance.
Therefore, this study aims to examine the latest developments and updates in Japan’s evacuation safety verification methods, including relevant regulations such as Notifications No. 474 to 476, and to compare current practices between Taiwan and Japan. Furthermore, the study analyzes the differences between the Smoke Layer Time Verification Method (B1) and the Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2) through calculation examples.
Research method
This study will be carried out by data collection, factory fire simulation analysis, and expert discussions and consultation methods:
1. Data collection
Relevant information will be gathered on the latest performance-based verification method in Japan—Smoke Layer Height Verification (Method B2)—as well as associated regulations (e.g., Notifications No. 474, 475, and 476). In addition, discussions and issue analyses from Taiwan’s fire protection and evacuation safety evaluation institutions will be collected to serve as a reference for revising the Technical Manual for Performance-Based Verification of Fire and Evacuation Safety in Buildings.
2. Manual Content Review
A thorough review and correction of the current Technical Manual for Performance-Based Verification of Fire and Evacuation Safety in Buildings will be conducted. Based on the review, proposals for revisions and enhancements will be made. The research results from the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI) will serve as a primary basis for discussion—for example, the outcomes from studies on the simplified two-layer verification method, which incorporate radiant heat calculations to optimize smoke simulation models for more reasonable and accurate assessments.
3. Expert discussion and consultation
After drafting the preliminary framework and key topics for the revised edition of the manual, feedback will be solicited from professionals across various fields, including building officials, fire safety reviewers, and industry associations. These opinions will be integrated into a comprehensive review of the study’s content. Furthermore, experts with practical experience in architectural design and performance-based fire and evacuation safety verification will be invited to serve as members of the expert advisory committee for this study.
Major Findings
A, Analysis of Differences Between Taiwan’s Current Smoke Layer Descent Time Verification Method (B1) and Japan’s Proposed Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2), with a Comparative Evaluation of Safety Performance Across Different Building Types for the Same Case:
1. The calculation logic of Methods B1 and B2 diverges significantly when applied to residential room evacuation verification. Method B2 introduces new factors such as exit congestion delay, smoke layer rise temperature, and lower smoke layer height, while also incorporating different parameters in determining heat release rate and evacuation start time.
2. The previous Smoke Layer Time Verification Method (B1) is not suitable for specific building types (e.g., hospitals, nursing homes) where occupants may not be able to evacuate quickly. However, due to demographic changes such as population aging, the number of such facilities is increasing. Japan’s Method B2 addresses the evacuation safety needs of these vulnerable occupancies more accurately, taking into account the effectiveness of fire protection systems and providing more precise assessments of smoke generation and evacuation timing in realistic conditions.
3. Using a high-rise office building as an example, comparative calculations with B1 and B2 methods show different outcomes. Under B1, the building passes evacuation safety requirements. However, using B2, due to the rapid change in heat release rate over time and the longer evacuation completion time in typical office floors, the smoke layer lower boundary drops below 1.8 meters, resulting in a failed safety performance assessment.
4. Taking a child-care center as an example, it can be observed that when using Method B1 for evacuation verification in small rooms, evacuation failure is likely to occur due to the rapid descent of the smoke layer. In contrast, Method B2 allows for more flexibility and is more suitable for calculations in small spaces. However, in the verification of evacuation for the entire building, Method B1 is able to meet the requirements, whereas Method B2 fails because the verification of the smoke-layer temperature rise and the smoke-layer height below the adjacent stairwell does not satisfy the criteria.
B. Proposal for a Draft Version of the Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2) for Evaluating Fire and Evacuation Safety Performance in Buildings:
1. The proposed B2 method includes formulas and criteria for performance verification at various levels: room, fire compartment, floor, and entire building. Clear definitions are also provided for each verification level.
2. The Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2) breaks away from the limitations of relying solely on time-based comparisons. Instead, it requires that at the time evacuation is completed, the lower edge of the smoke layer in both the fire-origin room and adjacent spaces must remain at or above 1.8 meters, and the smoke layer temperature must not exceed 180°C. Evacuation time is calculated based on the longer of walking time or exit congestion delay, better reflecting real-world evacuation scenarios involving potential crowding at exits.
3. Method B2 offers greater flexibility in architectural design, such as allowing for broader use of interior finishing materials, and enables more realistic configurations of fire sources, smoke generation rates, and fire protection equipment. It also introduces a maximum allowable evacuation time, avoiding scenarios where evacuation time is theoretically unlimited—thus preventing an overestimation of evacuation safety performance in certain spaces.
C. Investigation of Practical Issues Faced by Domestic Industry Groups and Building Authorities During Application and Review, with Integration of Expert Opinions and Literature from Taiwan and Japan to Develop the Final Version of the Third Edition of the Technical Manual:
1. Propose revisions, updates to verification techniques, additions to calculation examples, definitions, and assumptions for the new version of the Technical Manual for Verification of Fire Prevention and Escape Safety Performance of Buildings. Also, revise and incorporate the latest version of the Simplified Two-Layer Smoke Layer Method from the Building Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior into a dedicated section of the manual.
2. Convene the editorial and review meeting for the “Third Edition of the Technical Manual for Performance-Based Verification of Fire Safety and Evacuation in Buildings,” present the proposed layout and design format, and submit the complete file for the third edition of the manual.
Main Recommendation
Recommendation 1:
Proposal for the Third Edition of the Technical Manual for Performance-Based Verification of Fire and Evacuation Safety in Buildings –Medium and long term recommendations
Responsible Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-responsible Agency: National Land Management Agency, Ministry of the Interior; Taiwan Architecture & Building Center
This study is conducted in accordance with the 2024 project funded by the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) and implemented by the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior—entitled “Urban Wind Corridor Assessment and Enhancement of Smart Building Material Verification Project.” Based on the research and analysis of the current technical manual for performance-based verification of fire and evacuation safety in buildings, a proposal for the third edition of the manual has been drafted.
Recommendation 2:
Feasibility Analysis on the Application of Japan's Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2) in Taiwan: Immediate Implementation Recommendation
Responsible Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-responsible Agency: National Land Management Agency
This study, after analyzing the Smoke Layer Height Verification Method (B2), suggests that the B2 method offers broader applicability across various types of spaces compared to the B1 method. While the B2 method enhances the applicability of performance verification for buildings, it is necessary to examine whether its scope overlaps with that of Route C. In case of such overlap, it is essential to evaluate the appropriate verification method to adopt and to confirm the rationality and effectiveness of the selected method. Therefore, an in-depth study on the feasibility of applying the B2 method in Taiwan is considered necessary.
", "相關檔案": "建研所-成果報告(114年)1150119加協辦單位(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336823/f28d38e7-fede-4f12-a856-a70d2f26aca8.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339436", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 02 Jul 2026 07:42:00 GMT", "title": "智慧營造與數位轉型之實證與應用推廣", "計畫主持人": "邱建國", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-01-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "智慧營造、數位轉型、數位雙生、人工智慧", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "因應營造產業長期面臨缺工、高齡化、高風險作業及生產效率提升不易等結構性問題，智慧營造已成為各國推動營建產業升級與職業安全改善之重要政策方向。透過國際趨勢盤點可知，日本、新加坡、 歐盟及香港等國家，已將智慧營造納入制度化或具強制性之推動架構；相較之下，我國目前仍以示範、觀摩與競賽導向為主，顯示後續仍需透過政策制度與誘因設計，方能擴大推動成效。
本計畫聚焦於智慧營造之實務應用與推動路徑，先期以「科技防災與智慧工地管理」作為切入點，於實際工地場域完成智慧工地資訊管理系統（戰情平台）及多項模組之建置與串接，包含環境監測、人 臉辨識門禁、用電與碳排監測、電梯井與垃圾管道 AI 管制、塔吊監視輔助及火災警示等系統。實測結果顯示，透過即時監測與主動告警機制，可有效降低人員誤入高風險區域與不安全作業行為，並強化管理人員對工地安全、能源使用與作業狀態之即時掌握，驗證智慧工地於實務環境中具備可行性與穩定性。
此外，本計畫亦完成智慧機具之軟硬體雛形及初步應用案例，證實智慧機具可作為智慧工地之重要組成元素，並具備銜接後續自動化施工與遠端操控之發展潛力。在制度層面上，分析現行政府採購法、建築法、營造業法及相關施工品質與職業安全規範，指出對於數位證據採認、資料標準化、遠距稽核及智慧設備經費編列仍有不足，後續有必要配合智慧營造發展進行滾動式檢討與調整。
綜合本計畫成果，建議我國智慧營造推動可採短、中、長期循序發展策略：短期以科技防災與智慧工地管理為重點，透過公共工程示範案建立可複製模式；中期逐步導入自動化施工機具與測量設備，發展人機協作施工模式；長期則朝向遠端遙控與無人化施工發展，結合中央控制室、數位雙生及 AI 輔助決策，降低人員暴露於高風險環境，並提升整體施工效率與產業競爭力。透過政策誘因、法規調整及產業聯盟運作之配合，有助於推動智慧營造由示範走向制度化，形塑具延續性與規模化之發展路徑。
Facing long-term challenges such as labor shortages, workforce aging, high-risk operations, and limited productivity growth, smart construction has become a key policy approach for improving occupational safety and upgrading the construction industry worldwide. International experience shows that regions including Japan, Singapore, the European Union, and Hong Kong have adopted institutionalized or mandatory frameworks for smart construction, while Taiwan remains largely focused on demonstration-based initiatives, indicating a need for stronger policy mechanisms and incentives.
This project focuses on the practical implementation and promotion of smart construction, with technology-enabled disaster prevention and smart site management as the initial entry point. A smart construction site management platform and related systems were deployed and tested in an actual construction site, demonstrating that real-time monitoring and proactive alerts can effectively reduce unsafe behaviors and enhance site management efficiency and situational awareness.
Based on the project outcomes, a phased roadmap for smart construction is proposed: short-term promotion of technology-enabled safety management, medium-term adoption of automated construction equipment, and long-term development toward remote-controlled and unmanned construction. With supportive policies, regulatory adjustments, and industry collaboration, smart construction can gradually transition from demonstration projects to institutionalized and scalable implementation.
", "相關檔案": "114智慧營造與數位轉型之實證與應用推廣-結案報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339436/90d757df-120b-4a90-8d4b-8d126ad95037.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339328", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 01 Jul 2026 02:51:00 GMT", "title": "數位雙生技術於數位建築營運與永續發展實證及應用推廣", "計畫主持人": "李明澔", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人台灣建築中心", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-01-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "數位雙生（Digital Twin）、BIM、淨零排放、智慧化管理、碳足跡追蹤、永續發展", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、計畫緣起
隨著全球建築產業加速數位化轉型，數位雙生（Digital Twin）技術已成為提升建築物全生命週期管理的關鍵工具。本計畫背景源於應對氣候變遷與資源耗竭的挑戰，特別是在聯合國永續發展目標（SDGs）與台灣 2050 淨零排放路徑的政策驅動下，建築部門因占全球碳排近 37%，面臨嚴峻的減碳壓力。
本計畫之動機在於結合智化物聯網（AIoT）、人工智慧（AI）與高精度氣象預測，實現實體建築與虛擬模型的無縫整合，以解決國內建築能效管理效率不彰與運維成本高昂等痛點。計畫目標旨在建立一套適用於國內建築環境的數位雙生技術標準與操作指南，透過場域實證驗證其可行性，並藉由產學聯盟的成立與技術推廣，助力建築產業達成深度節能與數位轉型的願景。
二、計畫成果
(一)數位雙生技術應用於建築營運與維護
本計畫奠定了建築運維的數據基礎建設，成功整合示範場域的空調與電梯系統。在設備監控方面，採用 Bac.Net 協議進行設備狀態監測，不僅降低硬體整合成本，更為後續 AI 建模提供穩定的數據源。研究實踐了從傳統的「預防性維護」轉向「預測性維護（Predictive Maintenance）」，透過大數據與 AI 演算法，在設備發生故障前主動偵測效能悖離，降低突發故障風險並提升管理效率。此外，結合物業管理系統，將異常告警轉化為自動派工單，有效緩解現場管理人力不足的問題。
(二)數位雙生技術於數位建築智慧化與自動化管理的實踐
計畫核心在於建立從 BIM 模型轉換至能源模型（BEM）的整合流程，利用 Rhino.Inside.Revit與 Grasshopper 等工具萃取建築幾何與材料參數，生成 EnergyPlus 可讀取的 IDF 檔案。此流程實現了建築資訊與能效分析的即時互通。在自動化管理上，計畫導入了「數位雙生驅動 AI 環境控制」，利用數位模型生成的高品質合成數據進行 AI 訓練，克服了現場實測數據收集不易的限制。經示範場域實證，導入數位雙生智慧控制後，在特定情境下可達到 15.9%的節能率。
(三)永續發展與碳排放管理
本計畫將碳排放管理貫穿建築全生命週期，開發了長期碳排預測 API，結合高精度氣象年資料，可模擬至 2050 年的碳排趨勢。透過建置視覺化的碳排管理儀表板，使用者能即時掌握各年度與月份的碳足跡。模擬結果顯示，在示範案場導入數位雙生優化方案後，至 2050 年預計可累積減少約 263 公噸-CO₂e 的排放。此外，計畫亦針對電梯儲能再生系統申請碳權之流程進行研究，為建築節能措施轉化為碳信用額度提供實務參考。
(四)場域實證與效益評估
計畫於內政部建築研究所 Living 4.0 智慧化居住空間展示中心與材料實驗中心進行多項實證。研究建立了建築物既有能效基線（BERSn），並透過 CFD 氣流模擬優化室內通風與空調佈置。在被動節能方面，實驗證實使用新型大地聚合材（Geopolymer）具有優異的隔熱性能，並透過模擬量化其對降低空調負荷的具體貢獻。最終產出的《建築產業數位雙生技術操作手冊與作業指南》，為產業提供了標準化的導入流程與自主檢核表。
(五)推廣與業界交流
為擴大計畫影響力，本案成功發起成立「建築數位雙生聯盟」，整合產、官、學、研各界資源，共同推動技術標準化與市場應用。計畫於 115 年 1 月辦理成果發表會暨聯盟成立大會，吸引超過 80 位來賓參與。此外，在材料實驗中心建置了實境體驗展示場域，運用 AR 擴增實境、科普影片與互動遊戲，向專業人士及大眾展示數位雙生技術在深度節能與減碳管理上的實際成效。
(六)創意回饋
計畫提出多項前瞻性創意回饋，包括應用智慧無人機進行建築施工巡檢與安全監造，利用AI 影像辨識確保工地安全帽配戴，並結合紅外線熱顯像技術檢查外殼隔熱效果 。同時，開發數位雙生防災避難應用，透過物聯網感測網路即時監測溫度異常，建立火災預警機制，並整合滅火器與緊急照明燈的自動巡檢模組，強化場域的應變韌性。
三、結論
本計畫建立一套完整的數位雙生技術導入架構，透過場域實證與產學聯盟的推動，證實了數位雙生技術能有效提升建築運行效率、精準管理碳排放，並創造實質的節能效益。計畫並編撰《建築產業數位雙生技術操作手冊與作業指南》，為台灣建築產業的數位轉型提供了可複製的路徑。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "數位雙生成果報告書ALL_V2 1150630(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339328/d66fdb73-47e9-48fe-9faa-49934f1306c7.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339332", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 29 Jun 2026 08:58:00 GMT", "title": "木構造建築耐震行為、震後防災原則及工法", "計畫主持人": "蔡孟廷", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-01-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)、豎向分配放大係數、RC-CLT 複合牆體、石膏板、防火時效", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究背景
我國位處於地震帶，因此建築物之耐震性能為重要課題，探究木構造建築與RC結構或鋼結構之結構系統的最大差別，在於木構造結構系統較難達到抗彎矩構架的性能要求，其主要耐震單元仰賴牆體或是斜撐來達到耐震需求。然而現代木構造技術日新月異，如近年來工法及技術漸趨成熟的直交集成板(Cross Laminated Timber, CLT)、以及各國競相多元開發的木構造節點接合型式。綜合來說，不同之木構造工法(CLT或是集成材)，乃至接合鐵件及接合型式等，其力學性能均會有不同。因此，如何透過一定程度的理論探討及驗證實驗，提出我國木構造規範中之修正建議，增加低蘊含碳木構造工法的多元應用，則為達到淨零碳排目標的重要一步。在既往研究成果的基礎上，如何進行更深入的研究及探討，並參考國外相關法令提出更去代表性的研究成果，作為後續法規修訂參考的基礎資料至關重要。因此，本研究立足於既往研究的基礎上，針對現有木構造規範在應用上急需之關鍵研究及資訊，包含混合型式木構造建築的設計方法、木構造牆體的結構性能、以及木構造建築在震後火災的防災機制等。
二、研究方法
本研究課題延續112年度協同研究計畫:國際木構造建築物設計技術發展與設計施工規範檢討更新之研究，並參考研究中國外相關針對高層木構造所提出的耐震設計原則，針對不同木構造結構牆體，主要為輕構架牆體系統、斜撐牆體系統、以及直交集成板牆體系統進行反覆加載測推實驗，透過遲滯迴圈所形成的包絡線進行牆體彈塑性模型的推導，進而求得不同牆體之設計強度、結構行為、以及彈塑性比。研究成果可為木構造規範中接合部章節重要的補充資料，彈塑性變形比亦可成為未來木構造牆體類型之韌性容量R值之修正參考依據。另外，本研究課題亦參考112年度協同研究計畫:國際木構造建築物設計技術發展與設計施工規範檢討更新之研究，研究中提出木構造建築物除了須考慮地震下之耐震能力及行為之外，由於木構造屬於可燃材料，因此在地震後所可能併發的例如火災等防災設計原則，亦屬本研究之重要研究課題。
三、重要發現
本年度研究延續前幾年度之成果，探討木構造混合結構及複合構件之結構行為，階段性成果主要針對木構造混合結構之耐震設計方法及驗證、木構造建築耐震牆體之結構行為(RC-CLT複合牆體、鋼木BRB構件)等進行理論探討及實驗驗證。研究成果彙整如下。
本研究針對立面鋼木混合結構上部木結構之地震力放大效應，基於既往年度之理論計算方法，結合振動臺實驗針對地震力調整係數進行深入探討。經由振動臺實驗與即時複合實驗，驗證既往年度所提出之考慮譜加速度隨結構週期變化（方法一）之計算方法。考慮到實驗誤差，本研究設定上部結構阻尼比範圍（2%至10%）計算理論值之上下限，並與實驗結果比對，顯示實驗所得地震力調整係數均位於理論值範圍內，證明該計算方法具有合理性。另外，本研究將RC-CLT複合牆體與董憲宏等人研究結果中之RC構架(BNF)做比較。結果顯示，以雲杉CLT牆板填入RC構架可提升結構強度，並同時提高結構之剛度，補強效率比為1.61。RC-CLT複合牆體於試驗初期，試體之結構行為由RC構架為主要控制，試驗中期，試體之結構行為由RC構架與CLT牆板、鐵件共同控制，而試驗後期則由CLT牆版與鐵件主要控制。以雲杉CLT牆板全牆補強之試體(CLT-RW)之結構強度於層間變位增大後逐漸接近RC/CLT試體，於層間變位2.0%時，最大側向力為745kN，高達RC/CLT的97%，由此可知，RC建築於地震後以CLT牆板進行補強，可使其結構強度回復到震前之97%。綜上所述，CLT作為RC構架震後補強之材料，於提高結構強度方面表現良好，補強效率高。
針對鋼木挫屈束制斜撐（STBRB）構件進行試驗、模擬及設計評估方面。實驗及分析結果顯示，ST-BRB 在循環載重下展現穩定之遲滯行為，其最大強度可達 1.3Py，顯示具有良好之耐震性能。當 T 型腹板進入塑性階段時，發生 T 型局部挫屈（T-buckling），並進一步誘發兩種圍束破壞模式，分別為劈裂模式 I 與劈裂模式 II。ST-BRB-L 與 ST-BRB-S 之比較，釐清了不同圍束配置對破壞模式之影響，並建立相符之強度預估模型，可作為設計檢核之依據。
四、主要建議事項
根據研究發現，本研究針對行政檢查業務委託民間辦理處理的法制化，提出下列具體建議。以下分別從立即可行的建議、及長期性建議加以列舉。
立即可行之建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
本研究針對立面鋼木混合結構上部木結構之地震力放大效應，上部結構阻尼比範圍（2%至10%）計算理論值之上下限，並與實驗結果比對，顯示實驗所得地震力調整係數均位於理論值範圍內，證明該計算方法具有合理性。建議後續可針對此設計方法進行設計案例之驗算，進行研擬及修訂技術手冊供業界參考。
中期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
以CLT牆板全牆補強之震後受損RC構架之結構強度於層間變位增大後逐漸接近RC/CLT試體，於層間變位2.0%時，最大側向力為745kN，高達RC/CLT的97%，由此可知，RC建築於地震後以CLT牆板進行補強，可使其結構強度在層間變位達2.0%時回復到震前相當強度。綜上所述，CLT作為RC構架震後補強之材料，於提高結構強度方面表現良好，補強效率高。進行研擬及修訂技術手冊供業界參考。
長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
鋼木挫屈束制斜撐（STBRB）在循環載重下展現穩定之遲滯行為，其最大強度可達 1.3Py，顯示具有良好之耐震性能。長期而言，可針對此類型結構進行長期研究，並在研究成果較為成熟後，進行研擬及修訂技術手冊供業界參考。
", "英文摘要": "Taiwan is located in seismic zone, the seismic performance of buildings is a critical issue. Meanwhile, timber structure become a sustainable alternative in construction sector. The fundamental difference between timber structures and reinforced concrete (RC) or steel structures are the structural systems that meet the seismic resistance abilities. Unlike moment-resisting structure, seismic resistance ability for timber structures mainly relies on walls or bracing systems. Recently, construction methods and technologies such as Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) have become increasingly mature, and various types of timber connection systems have been actively developed.
This study investigates the amplification effect of seismic forces on the upper timber structure of a steel–timber hybrid structural system. The theoretical amplification for seismic force distribution were calculated for upper-structure with damping ratios ranging from 2% to 10%, the results were compared with experiment. The comparison shows that the seismic force amplification factors obtained from the experiments all fall within the theoretical range, demonstrating the rationality of the proposed calculation method. For the studies regarding seismic resistance elements, RC-CLT wall system, in which CLT was used as a post-earthquake strengthening material for RC frames, performs well in enhancing structural strength and demonstrates high strengthening efficiency based on the experimental results in this study. Additionally, Steel–timber buckling-restrained braces (STBRBs) exhibit stable hysteretic behavior under cyclic loading, with a maximum strength up to 1.3 Py, demonstrating good seismic performance.
", "相關檔案": "內政部建築研究所成果報告-最新版(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339332/a7e5aeb6-efe6-49d1-ac11-02d18f463c84.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339296", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 26 Jun 2026 08:24:00 GMT", "title": "低蘊含碳建築評估標示制度宣導推廣計畫暨老屋延壽策略研析", "計畫主持人": "江欣政", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人台灣建築中心", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-01-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建築蘊含碳排標示、老屋延壽、淨零政策", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "為了因應全球氣候變遷挑戰，聯合國於2015年通過《巴黎協定》，致力於將全球升溫控制在不超過1.5°C為達成此目標，此後，美國、日本、韓國、歐盟等先進國家陸續承諾於2050年前達成淨零碳排，而中國則設定於2060年實現。我國亦於2021年地球日正式宣示「淨零碳排是臺灣的目標」，並於2022年由國家發展委員會公布「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑及策略總說明」，其中由內政部主責「淨零建築」路徑的規劃與推動，明確設定至2050年新建建築100%達到近零碳建築標準，且超過85%的建築物達成同等水準。
根據國際能源總署（IEA, 2022）的報告，全球建築與營建部門的溫室氣體排放約占37%。其中，建築物運行階段所產生的使用碳排（Operational Carbon, OC）約占28%，而來自建築材料製造、運輸、施工、修繕與拆除等生命週期早期階段的蘊含碳排（Embodied Carbon, EC）則占約9%。過去，國際間的淨零建築政策大多聚焦於使用碳排的減量。然而，隨著建築材料製造與營建過程的碳排比例逐步升高，蘊含碳的管控與減量已成為不可忽視的關鍵課題。為此，內政部建築研究所已於113年7月1日正式啟動「建築蘊含碳排標示評估制度」，推動營建產業在設計與建造初期即導入低碳材料與工法，協助臺灣建築業邁向全生命週期減碳。
本計畫的第一個核心任務，即延續既有基礎推動「低蘊含碳建築評估標示制度」的宣導與推廣。計畫舉辦北、中、南、東四場次低碳建築講習會，以及一場低碳建築標示授證典禮與論壇。活動結合案例分享、技術交流與影片製作，提升產業界與大眾對建築減碳政策、計算方法及成功案例的認知。同時，亦蒐集國內外淨零建築減碳工法與評估技術，建立知識資料庫，供未來政策與產業應用參考。
本計畫的另一個核心任務，則聚焦於「老屋延壽策略研析」。隨著臺灣邁入高齡化社會，大量老舊建築不僅面臨耐震不足、結構老化、漏水、外牆剝落、電線雜亂等安全隱憂，亦缺乏無障礙設施，造成高齡居住者行動不便。若能透過整建維護、補強加固及設施改善，不僅能減少約六至七成的重建碳排放，亦能提升居住安全與舒適度，達成在地安養與都市更新的雙重效益。因此，本計畫蒐集英國與日本在老屋延壽（建築再生學）方面的制度與案例，並透過國內案例歸納、專家訪談及討論會，分析老屋轉用（conversion）與延壽過程中的課題，進一步研擬我國推動老屋延壽的制度架構與法規建議。
總體而言，本計畫透過「低蘊含碳建築推廣」與「老屋延壽策略」雙軌並行，結合國際趨勢與在地實務，致力於推動產業技術升級、提升社會大眾對低碳建築的認知，引導大眾積極參與低蘊含碳建築的推廣與宣導活動，進而低蘊含碳建築的概念深入社會，強化民眾對低碳建築的認知與支持。
", "英文摘要": "To address the global climate challenge, the United Nations adopted the Paris Agreement in 2015, committing to limit global temperature rise to no more than 1.5°C. In pursuit of this goal, major economies such as the United States, Japan, South Korea, and the European Union pledged to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, while China set its target for 2060. Taiwan also officially announced its net-zero target on Earth Day in 2021, followed by the National Development Council’s release of the “Taiwan 2050 Net-Zero Pathway and Strategy” in 2022. Within this framework, the Ministry of the Interior is responsible for planning and promoting the net-zero building pathway, with the explicit target that by 2050, all new buildings will meet near-zero carbon standards, and over 85% of buildings will also comply with the same standard.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA, 2022), the building and construction sector accounts for approximately 37% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Of this, about 28% comes from operational carbon (OC) generated during building operations, while around 9% comes from embodied carbon (EC), which arises from the manufacturing, transportation, construction, repair, and demolition of building materials. Historically, international net-zero building policies have focused primarily on reducing operational carbon. However, as the share of embodied carbon continues to rise, its regulation and reduction have become a critical issue. In response, the Architecture and Building Research Institute launched Taiwan’s embodied carbon labeling and assessment system on July 1, 2024, encouraging the construction industry to adopt low-carbon materials and methods at the early stages of design and construction to move toward whole-life-cycle carbon reduction.
The first core task of this project is to further promote the “Low Embodied Carbon Building Labeling and Assessment System.” The plan includes organizing four regional workshops in northern, central, southern, and eastern Taiwan, as well as hosting a certification ceremony and forum. These activities integrate case sharing, technical exchange, and video production to enhance industry and public awareness of carbon reduction policies, calculation methods, and successful examples. In addition, the project collects and analyzes low-carbon construction methods and assessment techniques from both domestic and international sources to establish a knowledge database for future policy-making and industry application.
The second core task focuses on developing strategies for extending the lifespan of old buildings. As Taiwan enters an aging society, a large number of old buildings face issues such as insufficient seismic resistance, structural deterioration, water leakage, facade detachment, tangled electrical wiring, and a lack of accessible facilities, which pose safety concerns and mobility challenges for elderly residents. Through proper maintenance, reinforcement, and facility improvements, it is possible not only to reduce demolition-related carbon emissions by 60–70% but also to improve safety and comfort, thereby achieving both aging-in-place and urban regeneration benefits. To this end, the project examines policies and practices from the United Kingdom and Japan on building longevity and regeneration, while conducting domestic case analyses, expert interviews, and stakeholder discussions to identify key challenges in building conversion and lifespan extension. Based on these findings, the project proposes appropriate institutional frameworks and regulatory recommendations for Taiwan.
Overall, this project advances a dual-track approach of promoting low embodied carbon buildings and developing building longevity strategies. By aligning international trends with local practices, it aims to upgrade industry capacity, enhance public understanding of low-carbon buildings, and encourage active participation in related promotion and outreach activities. Ultimately, the project seeks to embed the concept of low embodied carbon buildings within society, strengthen public support for sustainable construction, and accelerate Taiwan’s building sector toward the 2050 net-zero target.
", "相關檔案": "114年度-低蘊含碳建築評估標示制度宣導推廣計畫暨老屋延壽策略研析-成果報告書_0105(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339296/6fcaf017-03b4-4bd4-b1ff-01fbf4ac4768.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336832", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 12 Feb 2026 08:40:00 GMT", "title": "直交集成板(CLT)複合構造之固碳效益評估及防火技術應用計畫", "計畫主持人": "楊正裕", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "臺灣木結構工程協會", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "Cross Laminated Timber (CLT)、複合構造、生命週期效益評估、石膏板、防火時效", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
有鑑於國內常見的住宅結構系統為RC梁柱建築物，本計畫探討CLT樓板和牆板應用的可行性，並建立「複合構造」結構系統的低碳評估方式。為了解CLT外牆系統於國內應用之效益，本年度研究將預鑄化CLT外牆系統模擬應用於實際建築案例，進行生命週期效益評估，探討此外牆系統實際應用於RC構造建築之可行性。另外，考慮到為來應用於複合構造結構系統之CLT樓板及牆板需要有1小時及2小時的防火時效，綜觀所內近期之研究課題，包含109年度完成扁柏CLT樓板、花旗松CLT樓板及柳杉CLT牆板之1小時耐火實驗，112年度完成柳杉CLT樓板、赤松CLT樓板及扁柏/柳杉CLT複合樓板之1小時耐火實驗，113年度完成雲杉CLT牆板及其被覆19mm石膏板之1小時耐火實驗、柳杉CLT牆板搭配 19mm石膏板2層、15mm石膏板2層以及15mm矽酸鈣板2層之2小時耐火實驗，目前尚缺樓板2小時防火時效資料。因此，本年度之研究預期補足CLT樓板之耐火2小時實驗，以期完備目前國內之CLT樓板/牆板之1小時及2小時防火時效相關研究及資料庫，以利未來應用於複合構造結構系統，提升CLT未來在我國建築產業的長期發展。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究首先透過蒐集國內外與CLT外牆系統設計、預鑄化系統應用、建築生命週期評估等相關文獻，進行系統性整理，並建立研究理論基礎，助於研究進行。透過比較分析（comparative analysis approach）將CLT外牆系統模擬應用於臺北市某公宅，並提出三種不同構件材料組合之建築模型，再參考EN15978建築盤查專用CFP-PCR系統邊界進行建築生命週期效益評估，針對建築60年生命週期之營運耗電量、碳排放量及成本進行分析及比較，探討CLT外牆系統於國內應用之可行性及效益。另外，本研究預計探討在石膏板被覆之條件下達到2小時防火時效之實驗及驗證，因此參考113年度CLT牆板防火被覆之實驗結果，規劃以3層19 mm 厚以及4層15mm厚之石膏板被覆進行2小時火害實驗。
三、重要發現
本研究主要發現CLT複合外牆使用了岩棉保溫板搭配空氣層設計，能大幅增加外牆隔熱能力，使整體熱傳透率低於RC外牆非常多，對建築節能有顯著的幫助。9cm與15cm的CLT相比，空調能耗差距並不大，因此可判斷CLT板厚對於節能效益之影響並不顯著，選用較薄的CLT複合外牆能在成本及節能減碳上取得平衡。Type-Hybird總蘊含碳量與Type-RC相比能減少36.98%的總蘊含碳量。研究結果顯示因木材蘊含碳量低於RC，因此，使用CLT複合外牆取代RC外牆對減少碳排放量有顯著的幫助。而9cm與15cm的CLT複合外牆相比，後者固碳效益較佳，但蘊含碳量增加的幅度比固碳量更多，因此，厚度較薄的CLT複合外牆在資材生產及運輸(A1~A4)階段的減碳效益較高。
另外，本研究延續113年度CLT牆板防火被覆之實驗，規劃4層15 mm 厚之石膏板被覆、以及3層19 mm厚之石膏板被覆，進行2小時火害實驗。實驗結果顯示，以4層15 mm 厚之石膏板被覆的情況下，CLT與石膏板交界處的測溫點顯示溫度約為100度左右，顯示可完延遲2小時的炭化。3層19 mm 厚之石膏板被覆則在CLT與19mm第一層石膏板間，於90分鐘燃燒後溫度超過100度，並在實驗結束時微升至120度，判斷對於形成炭化沒有太大的影響。整體而言，兩個類型的石膏板配置都可有效達到2小時的延遲炭化。
四、主要建議事項
建議1
CLT樓板火害實驗可補足CLT樓板之2小時耐火時效要求，完備目前國內之CLT樓板/牆板1小時及2小時防火時效相關研究及資料庫:立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
本年度之完成之CLT樓板火害實驗可補足CLT樓板之2小時耐火時效要求，完備目前國內之CLT樓板/牆板1小時及2小時防火時效相關研究及資料庫，有利未來應用於複合構造結構系統，提升CLT未來在我國建築產業的長期發展。根據近年之實驗結果，不同構造工法在不同載重下之防火設計及工法可以應用於現行木構造建築物設計及施工技術規範中，進行研擬及修訂。建議2
建議2
CLT板牆應用於國內既有住宅更新之工法研究:研擬後可執行之建議(中期目標)
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
近年來所內完成之CLT樓板火害實驗已滿足1小時及2小時防火時效，根據建築技術規則規定，當梁柱以鋼筋混凝土或是鋼構造作為主要建築結構時，樓板滿足基本防火需求即可應用。因此，本研究有利於推動於建築物，以CLT作為板牆構造單元的複合構造樣態，有利於推動我國近零碳目標。
建議3
CLT板牆之穿孔部及火害後之補強修復工法研議:長期目標
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
我國CLT構造處於萌發階段，待累績一定基礎資料後，應用於實際建築中所面臨的板穿孔之防火議題，以及火災後如何修復及補強等議題，均是未來須面對的潛在課題，可列為長期研究計畫中之一環，完善CLT於建築中之應用。
", "英文摘要": "This study first systematically collected and organized domestic and international literature related to CLT exterior wall system design, prefabricated system applications, and building life cycle assessment, establishing a theoretical foundation to support the research process. Through a comparative analysis approach, the CLT exterior wall system was simulated and applied to a public housing project in Taipei, and three building models with different combinations of component materials were proposed. Referring to the EN15978 building assessment–specific CFP-PCR system boundary, a life cycle performance evaluation was conducted, analyzing and comparing the 60-year building life cycle operational electricity consumption, carbon emissions, and costs, in order to explore the feasibility and benefits of applying CLT exterior wall systems in Taiwan. In addition, this study aims to investigate fire-resistance experiments and verification for achieving a 2-hour fire rating under gypsum board protection. Based on the 2024 experimental results of gypsum-board-protected CLT wall panels, this study plans to conduct 2-hour fire tests using configurations of three 19-mm layers and four 15-mm layers of gypsum board. The main findings indicate that the CLT composite exterior wall, using mineral wool insulation combined with an air cavity design, significantly enhances thermal resistance, resulting in a much lower overall thermal transmittance than that of RC exterior walls, which provides substantial benefits for building energy efficiency. The difference in cooling energy consumption between 9-cm and 15-cm CLT panels is minimal, suggesting that CLT panel thickness does not have a significant impact on energy-saving performance. Therefore, selecting thinner CLT composite exterior walls can achieve a balance between cost and carbon-reduction benefits. Furthermore, for the configuration with three 19-mm gypsum board layers, the temperature between the CLT and the first 19-mm gypsum board exceeded 100°C after 90 minutes of exposure and rose slightly to 120°C at the end of the test. This indicates minimal impact on charring formation.Overall, both gypsum board configurations effectively achieved a 2-hour delay in charring.
", "相關檔案": "直交集成板(CLT)複合構造之固碳效益評估及防火技術應用計畫成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336832/bd40daad-79b5-439f-92f2-3081cf800c23.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336831", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 11 Feb 2026 03:37:00 GMT", "title": "淨零木構造建築之固碳效益評估及接合部防火技術應用計畫", "計畫主持人": "卓志隆", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "中華木質構造建築協會", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "低碳建築、複合構造、防火性能、接合部", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
為響應世界各國推動淨零碳排之趨勢，我國公布「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑及策略總說明」，期待臺灣建築部門透過跨域整合，目標在2050年達成100%新建建築及超過85%既有建築為近零碳建築的里程碑。其中在減碳技術與工法方面，以建築物導入節能技術與低碳工法研發為主軸，導入木竹構造…等技術，不僅與12項關鍵戰略項目中之節能、資源循環零廢棄、淨零綠生活等項目息息相關，更與多項聯合國之永續發展目標（SDGs）相呼應。國際能源總署（International Energy Agency, IEA）解析目前全球碳排主要來自建築產業，2021年更有高達38%的溫室氣體排放來自建築部門。
整體而言，欲邁向淨零需要結構性的改變，木竹等生態綠建材在建築上之應用是重要解方之一，不僅符合前述關鍵策略，更是發展低蘊含碳（Embodied carbon）建築的重要建材。採用工程木材取代鋼筋混凝土等構造，不僅可有效地在生產端減少碳排放以及對資源的消耗，同時木材不論是在環境友善、材料性能、工法等面向上都比RC結構有顯著的優勢。
另竹材生長與更新速率遠較林木所需時間短，在固定之年限下，單位面積竹林之固碳效率顯著高於一般經濟樹種，因而受到國際間重視，我國也開啟新興竹產業發展計畫，將國產之竹材或竹複合材料導入建材之研發與使用，除可符合淨零碳排與永續循環等效益外，亦可活絡國內之竹產業及建築材料產業，於政策端與產業端上達到雙贏之局面。
二、研究方法及過程
112~113年度（我國推動淨零建築與應用推廣計畫）之第一期研究重點著眼於國內民情及既有規範之規定，針對國內較常見以RC梁柱作為主要結構系統之建築物，探討木構件在RC建築中，樓板、牆板、以及室內裝修上應用的可能性，建立”複合構造”結構系統之設計方法。短期已完成木構建材之減碳評估之基礎以及建構本土化低碳（減碳）建材之基礎資訊與工程性質，建立符合室內裝修用之木竹建材耐燃等級設計、以及完成直交集成板與結構用集成材等工程木材於營建過程之碳排放評估；同時，也完成集成材（GLT）應用於複合構造之接合部防火性能評估及設計，包含集成材梁柱接合部以及完成直交集成板樓板與牆板接合部之標準耐火實驗驗證並提出設計建議。
綜合兩年的研究成果，針對第一期目標以木構造複合構造結構系統為主要推廣對象之低碳建築，提出可行之構造形式及工法，包含木竹構材應用於室內裝修時之耐燃性能，以及GLT與CLT應用於複合構造系統之梁柱及樓板/牆板接合部性能等。第二期（淨零建築轉型發展推動計畫）目標以增加木構造建築之樓板面積為目標，逐步透過研究及實驗驗證的方式，建立平面混用/立面混用的木構造複合結構系統。與此同時，亦透過整體目標及成果的盤點，精進第一期目標所建立之各項基礎資料。平面混用之木構造複合結構系統之構成以服務核（豎井）為RC結構或鋼結構，其餘空間為木構造為主之結構系統。立面混用的木構造複合結構系統之構成則以下層為RC構造/鋼構造，上層木構造之結構系統。此類型木構造複合結構系統作為第二期目標，不僅可以增加木構造此類低碳工法的應用，亦可透過此平面混用/立面混用的木構造複合結構系統慢慢建立民眾對於木構造建築的信心，邁向未來木構造建築不限規模及高度之長期目標前進，進而達到低碳木構造工法在建築產業的應用，實現淨零碳排的目標。
因此，在透過構件單元實驗取得一定的性能驗證之短期目標後，本研究進一步精進前期成果，提出符合淨零政策之低碳木構造建築以及防火設計。此外，本年度計畫亦規劃實尺寸木構造之防火性能實驗，作為第一期目標階段成果的驗證。
「木構接合部之防火設計驗證」將基於112年度的四組足尺寸、荷重狀態下GLT梁柱接合部耐火試驗成果，針對其中數個尚未充分探討的耐火遮蓋設計參數，本年度將透過木結構局部接合部的1小時耐火試驗，補足相關量化數據，評估其尺寸或增加部分位置的遮蓋對於耐火性能影響，以做為實務設計參考。實驗將利用建築研究所台南實驗室的小型多功能耐火爐，依照CNS 12514標準進行耐火實驗，試驗對象包含集成材的梁柱接合部以及直交集成板（CLT）接合部等處耐火遮蓋的性能驗證，試體將以柳杉、雲杉或花旗松等國內業界常用材種製作。此外，基於前幾年構件單元實驗成果，本年度計畫亦規劃實尺寸木構造之防火性能實驗，作為第一期目標階段成果的驗證。
三、重要發現
（一）木構造建材之節能與固碳效益評估
1.不同膠合劑中，PVAc阻燃效果最佳，總熱釋放量最低，EVA次之，強力膠最高。塗裝阻燃藥劑可有效降低總熱釋放量，達耐燃三級。竹、木單板作為面材建議厚度0.5 mm以下，搭配阻燃藥劑使用。
2.竹、木單板貼附於矽酸鈣板表面，經透明耐燃塗料塗佈後，總熱釋放量可下降約34%，符合耐燃二級。
3.將五層柳杉CLT或五層台灣杉CLT與0.5 mm竹薄片貼附12 mm矽酸鈣板結合，可提升熱抵抗值，由1.92 m2K/W，提高至2.11 m2K/W，較CLT單一材料有更好的隔熱效果。
4.本案柳杉集成材之固碳量646.78 kgCO2e/m3；而A1至A3階段碳排放量為71.85 kgCO2e/m3。顯示柳杉集成材具有相當優良之固碳效益。
（二）木構接合部之防火設計驗證
1.將接合鐵件位置自樑中心位置向上提升後有助於保護最下層的摩擦栓與鋼板，避免炭化深度延伸至摩擦栓附近而使其喪失強度。
2.梁柱接合部中摩擦栓外側、開口兩側以及樑底部開槽處以耐燃石膏板或木材填塞能夠得到相當程度的防火保護效果。
3.摩擦栓兩外側以其直徑兩倍寬度、厚度15 mm石膏填塞以及樑底部採用雙層15 mm厚石膏板填塞同時在施工時充分黏著後能夠得到良好保護效果。
4.CLT牆板接合鐵件以及樑柱接合部下端填塞採用雙層15 mm厚石膏板遮蓋的效果較採用單層25.4 mm厚石膏遮蓋有較好的保護效果。
四、主要建議事項
建議一：
木質裝修材料應用方面，建立完整的阻燃應用策略，確保耐燃等級與環境品質，提供優質安全建築環境：立即可行建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：中華木質構造建築協會
本年度研究成果深入探討木竹裝修建材之耐燃特性，符合耐燃三級以上之要求；進一步複合於CLT面材更具有隔熱性，提升整體耐燃性能之效益。
建議二：
建構工程木材碳足跡評估資訊，以拓展木竹建材等綠色資材於建築材料上之應用：中長期建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：財團法人台灣建築中心、中華木質構造建築協會
依生命週期評估法（LCA）建立國內工程木材之各階段碳排資訊，並定期更新，以利精進減碳措施，特別是在製程碳排瓶頸點，建立減少碳排放的最佳方案，以達低蘊含碳建材之效益。
建議三：
於木構造建築物設計及施工規範附錄或於木構造建築物防火設計施工參考手冊中增加接合部耐火設計建議作法：立即可行建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：台灣建築中心、中華木質構造建築協會
112年至本年度累積數種針對木構接合部之數種不同遮蓋方式一小時耐火測試結果，可於相關規範或手冊中增加接合部防火設計的具體描述。
建議四：
提供2小時接合部耐火遮蓋的具體設計建議並投入火害後修復與性能補強之技術研究：中長期建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：中華木質構造建築協會
鑒於木結構高層化的需求，建議持續透過實驗評估更高性能的接合部防火設計參數，同時探討接合部與構件於高時數火害後的剩餘強度評估方法。此外，國內木造建築數量逐年增加，加上未來木造建築高層化趨勢，有必要提升火害後修復與性能補強之相關技術，建議先收集國內外相關文獻，同時以實驗研究方式評估各種技術的性能並且得到量化成果供實務使用。
", "英文摘要": "I.Introduction
In line with the global drive for net-zero carbon emissions, Taiwan has established the "Taiwan 2050 Net-Zero Emissions Pathway and Strategy." This national strategy mandates that the building sector must achieve a major transformation, targeting 100% of new buildings and over 85% of existing buildings to become near net-zero carbon buildings by 2050 through robust cross-sectoral integration. A key component of this effort is the development and implementation of low-carbon construction methods and energy-saving technologies, notably the incorporation of timber and bamboo structures. This focus aligns directly with national priorities, including Energy Saving and Resource Circulation, and supports the broader United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This urgency is underscored by data from the International Energy Agency (IEA), which reported that the building industry accounted for a substantial 38% of global energy-related greenhouse gas emissions in 2021.To achieve this structural transformation, the strategic application of sustainable materials like timber and bamboo is crucial for developing buildings with low embodied carbon. Replacing conventional reinforced concrete (RC) with engineered timber significantly reduces production-phase carbon emissions and resource depletion, offering superior performance and environmental benefits. Furthermore, given its exceptionally rapid growth and high carbon sequestration efficiency, bamboo is emerging as a priority material. Taiwan is actively supporting this through the Emerging Bamboo Industry Development Program, integrating domestic bamboo and bamboo composite materials into building applications. This initiative not only advances net-zero emissions and sustainable circularity goals but also successfully revitalizes domestic industries, achieving a dual benefit for both policy and industrial development.
II.Methodologies
The main research focus of the first phase (Fiscal Years 112–113) of the (Taiwan Net-Zero Building Promotion and Application Plan) centered on domestic public sentiment and the provisions of existing regulations. Targeting buildings where RC (Reinforced Concrete) beams and columns are the main structural system, commonly seen domestically, the study explored the potential application of timber components in RC buildings for floor slabs, wall panels, and interior finishes, thereby establishing a design method for "hybrid structure" structural systems. In the short term, the research completed the basis for the carbon reduction assessment of wood building materials, established fundamental information and engineering properties for localized low-carbon (decarbonized) building materials, established fire-retardant class designs for wood and bamboo materials compliant with interior finishing use, and completed the carbon emission assessment during the construction process for engineered timber, such as Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) and Glued-Laminated Timber (GLT). Simultaneously, the fire performance assessment and design of connections for GLT applied in hybrid structures were completed, including standard fire test verification of GLT beam-to-column connections and CLT floor slab and wall panel connections, with design recommendations proposed.
Synthesizing the two-year research outcomes, feasible structural forms and construction methodologies were proposed for low-carbon buildings, with the timber hybrid structure system being the main subject for promotion in Phase I. These include the fire-retardant performance of wood and bamboo components when applied in interior finishes, and the performance of GLT and CLT connections (beam-to-column and floor/wall connections) in hybrid structural systems. The objective of the second phase (Net-Zero Building Transition Development Promotion Plan) is to increase the floor area of timber construction, gradually establishing planar-mixed / vertical-mixed hybrid timber structural systems through research and experimental verification. Concurrently, the various fundamental data established in Phase I will be refined through an inventory of overall goals and outcomes. The planar-mixed timber hybrid structural system is composed of an RC structure or steel structure for the service core (shaft), with the rest of the space being a timber-based structural system. The vertical-mixed timber hybrid structural system is composed of an RC structure / steel structure for the lower stories and a timber structural system for the upper stories. This type of hybrid timber structural system, as the objective for Phase II, can not only increase the application of timber as a low-carbon construction method but also gradually build public confidence in timber structures through this planar-mixed / vertical-mixed hybrid timber structural system, moving towards the long-term goal of future timber construction without limitations on scale or height, thereby achieving the application of low-carbon timber construction methods in the building industry and realizing the goal of net-zero carbon emissions.
Therefore, after achieving certain performance verification through component unit experiments as a short-term goal, this research further refines the previous phase's outcomes, proposing low-carbon timber architecture and fire safety design compliant with net-zero policy. Furthermore, this year's plan also schedules full-scale timber structure fire performance experiments to validate the staged outcomes of the Phase I objective. The "Fire Design Verification of Timber Connections" will be based on the four sets of full-scale, load-bearing GLT beam-to-column fire test results from FY 112. Targeting several fire-retardant covering design parameters that have not been fully explored, this year will supplement relevant quantitative data through 1-hour fire tests on localized timber structure connections. This will evaluate the influence of the covering's dimensions or the addition of covering in certain positions on the fire resistance performance, serving as a reference for practical design. The experiment will utilize the small multi-functional fire furnace at the ABRI Tainan Laboratory, conducting the fire tests in accordance with the CNS 12514 standard. The test subjects include performance verification of fire-retardant coverings on GLT beam-to-column connections and Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) connections. Test specimens will be made from timber species commonly used in the domestic industry, such as Chinese fir, spruce, or Douglas fir. In addition, based on the component unit experimental results from previous years, this year's plan also schedules full-scale timber structure fire performance experiments to validate the staged outcomes of the Phase I objective.
III.Results
(I)Energy Saving and Carbon Sequestration of Wood-Based
i.Among different adhesives, PVAc exhibited the best flame-retardant effect and the lowest total heat release (THR). EVA was secondary, and contact cement (強力膠) was the highest. Coating with flame-retardant agents can effectively reduce the THR, achieving Fire Resistance Class 3. When using bamboo and wood veneers as facing materials, a thickness of 0.5 mm or less is recommended in conjunction with flame-retardant agents.
ii.When bamboo and wood veneers are adhered to the surface of calcium silicate board and coated with a transparent flame-retardant coating, the total heat release can be reduced by approximately 34%, meeting Fire Resistance Class 2.
iii.Combining five layers of China-fir CLT or five layers of Taiwan-fir CLT with a 0.5 mm bamboo veneer attached to a 12 mm calcium silicate board can enhance the thermal resistance value (R-value). The R-value increases from 1.92 m2K/W to 2.11 m2K/W, demonstrating better thermal insulation performance than CLT as a monolithic material.
iv.The carbon sequestration volume of China-fir GLT in this project is 646.78 kgCO2e/m3. In contrast, the carbon emissions during stages A1 to A3 (raw material supply, transport, and manufacturing) are 71.85 kgCO2e/m3. This shows that China-fir GLT possesses a considerably excellent carbon sequestration benefit.
(II)Fire-Resistance Verification of Wood Joints
v.Elevating the position of the connecting steel plate/bracket from the beam's center line upward helps protect the lowest layer of friction dowels and steel plate, preventing the charring depth from extending near the dowels and causing them to lose strength.
vi.Using fire-resistant gypsum board or timber infill on the outer sides of the friction dowels, both sides of the opening, and the bottom groove of the beam in beam-to-column connections can provide a considerable degree of fire protection.
vii.Good protection can be achieved by using gypsum infill on the two outer sides of the friction dowels with a width twice the dowel diameter and a thickness of 15 mm. This requires simultaneously using double-layer 15 mm thick gypsum board infill at the beam bottom, ensuring sufficient adhesion during construction.
viii.For the connection steel plates of CLT wall panels and the lower end infill of beam-to-column connections, covering with double-layer 15 mm thick gypsum board provides better protection compared to covering with a single-layer 25.4 mm thick gypsum board.
IV.Recommendations
Recommendation 1
Regarding the application of wood interior finishing materials, establish a complete flame-retardant application strategy to ensure fire resistance class and environmental quality, providing a high-quality and safe built environment: Immediate Actionable Suggestion
Organizer: Ministry of the Interior Institute of Architecture and Building Research
Co-organizer: Chinese Wood Construction Building Association
This year's research results have thoroughly investigated the fire-retardant characteristics of wood and bamboo finishing materials, meeting the requirements of Fire Resistance Class 3 (or above) . Furthermore, compounding them with CLT facing materials offers enhanced thermal insulation, increasing the overall benefit of fire resistance performance.
Recommendation 2
Construct carbon footprint assessment information for engineered wood to expand the application of green materials like wood and bamboo in building materials: Medium to long-term recommendations
Organizer: Ministry of the Interior Institute of Architecture and Building Research
Co-organizers: Taiwan Architecture and Building Center; Chinese Wood Construction Building Association
Establish carbon emission information for each stage of domestic engineered wood based on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, and update it regularly. This facilitates the refinement of carbon reduction measures, particularly at bottleneck points in the manufacturing process, to establish optimal solutions for reducing carbon emissions, thereby achieving the benefits of low embodied carbon building materials.
Recommendation 3:
Add design recommendations for connection fire resistance to the appendix of the timber structure building design and construction specifications or to the timber structure building fire design and construction reference manual: Immediate Actionable Suggestion
Organizer: Ministry of the Interior Institute of Architecture and Building Research
Co-organizer: Taiwan Architecture and Building Center; Chinese Wood Construction Building Association
The accumulated results from Fiscal Year 112 to the present year—including multiple one-hour fire test results for various covering methods on timber connections—can be used to add concrete descriptions of connection fire safety design to relevant specifications or manuals.
Recommendation 4:
Provide specific design recommendations for 2-hour fire-resistant connection covering and dedicate research to post-fire repair and performance strengthening technologies: Medium- to Long-Term Recommendation
Organizer: Ministry of the Interior Institute of Architecture and Building Research
Co-organizer: Chinese Wood Construction Building Association
In view of the demand for high-rise timber structures, it is suggested to continue evaluating higher-performance connection fire safety design parameters through experiments. Simultaneously, research methods for assessing the residual strength of connections and components after high-duration fire damage should be explored. Furthermore, given the increasing number of domestic timber buildings year-by-year and the future trend of high-rise timber construction, it is necessary to enhance related technologies for post-fire repair and performance strengthening. It is recommended to first collect relevant domestic and foreign literature, and concurrently use experimental research to evaluate the performance of various technologies and obtain quantitative results for practical use.
", "相關檔案": "淨零木構造建築之固碳效益評估及接合部防火技術應用計畫成果報告1215(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336831/8c239081-f687-4253-8b98-9b3aa4ad0b1e.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336552", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 30 Jan 2026 05:55:00 GMT", "title": "淨零建築跨領域人才培育與產學研發展平台推廣計畫", "計畫主持人": "林杰宏", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人台灣建築中心", "執行行程": "2025-07-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-01-30", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "綜合規劃組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建築能效、低蘊含碳、近零碳建築、淨零建築、淨零排放", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "ㄧ、緣起
為辦理淨零建築排放路徑規劃，及配合淨零轉型關鍵戰略計畫分工，內政部建築研究所引導由公有建築帶頭示範推動淨零建築與應用推廣，帶動民間建築參與發展，透過建築能效評估相關法規制度建構、建築物實施建築能效評估及改善方案研擬、跨領域淨零建築人才培育、公私協力全民共同執行、節能減碳新工法技術研議推廣，以及產業國際化，逐步加速擴大影響力。
本計畫係以跨領域淨零建築人才培育為核心，藉由教材研訂、講習培訓，以及跨領域產學研發展，達到培育專業人才，帶動產業減碳效益，協助引導建築淨零轉型，以逐步達成政府「2050年100%新建建築物及超過85%的建築物為近零碳建築」之政策目標。
二、計畫方法與過程
本計畫分為四項分項計畫：「研修淨零建築跨領域專業人才培訓課程教材」、「淨零建築跨領域專業人員及青年學生培訓活動」、「維運淨零建築產學研合作平台」及「全國住宅總量評估探討」，分別進行修訂或研訂淨零建築人才培訓相關課程教材3冊、辦理教材草案研訂座談會議或審查會議4場次、進行淨零建築產業人才需求分析結果，研提淨零建築領域相關專業人才職能基準1項，並應完成申請職能基準所須相關文件；研議協助大專院校開設符合產業需求之淨零建築相關課程之執行機制、辦理種子教師培訓課程3場次、辦理跨領域專業人員及青年學生相關人員講習培訓活動，培育淨零建築相關領域專業或從業人員，共計3,600人次，其中包含：(1)淨零建築相關領域專業人員講習培訓課程至少24場次，並達2,700人次、(2)辦理青年學生講習培訓活動至少4場次，並達900人次，並調查活動辦理滿意度、研議淨零建築跨領域專業人才認證制度、提供至少3場次培訓活動相關成果；維營運「淨零建築產學研推廣宣導平台」網頁，包括平台網站內容維護及更新、提供數位化人才培訓課程講義、針對淨零建築相關主題，拍攝數位課程影片4部、透過「淨零建築跨領域人才發展聯盟」之產學研交流平台，借助聯盟相關成員經驗及量能完成合作發展案3案，促進淨零建築跨領域合作發展，並派駐協助建研所推動本計畫之專職人員1名；探討全國老舊老宅住屋總量、樓地板面積及未來變化。
三、執行成果
1.邀請具實務經驗之相關領域專家學者進行教材草案研訂座談會議或審查會議，共計4場次，以完成研修訂「非住宅類新建建築能效評估實務(修訂版)、淨零建築設備管理維護實務、低碳(低蘊含碳)建築評估實務」之3冊教材。
2.透過職能文獻研究與專家訪談蒐集，分析「淨零建築室內設計與裝修專業技術人員」(暫定)能力資料，並經由專家焦點座談會議，完成職能基準。
3.完成研議協助大專院校開設符合產業需求之淨零建築相關課程執行機制。
4.完成種子教師培訓課程3場次。
5.完成跨領域專業人員及青年學生相關人員講習培訓活動，共計3,892人次，並提供至少3場次培訓活動相關成果。
6.完成研議淨零建築跨領域專業人才認證制度。
7.營運「淨零建築產學研推廣宣導平台網站」網頁，並針對淨零建築相關主題，拍攝數位課程影片4部，並於平台網頁中展示，以達推廣宣導目的。
8.透過「淨零建築跨領域人才發展聯盟」之產學研交流平台，完成合作發展案3案，促進淨零建築跨領域合作發展。
9.完成探討全國老舊老宅住屋總量、樓地板面積及未來變化。
四、後續建議事項
本計畫提出下列後續具體可行的建議事項：
建議一
持續充實網站平台內容以擴大人才培訓效益：立即可行建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
執行機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
鑒於「淨零建築」相關政策、規範等刻正推動與不斷滾動修正中，學員們對於相關機制規範、認證申辦、配套補助、查核制度等議題相當關切，建議後續可藉由「淨零建築產學研推廣宣導平台」網站，強化政府推動「淨零建築」之策略，後續亦可藉由案例，讓學員更清楚瞭解「淨零建築」之內涵。
建議二
加強與相關公協會密切合作以擴大產業界共同參與：立即可行建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：各地方縣市政府、相關公協會等
執行機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
為協助產業加速理解及應用淨零建築相關政策與技術，擴大淨零永續策略範疇，建議後續可持續藉由本計畫之「淨零建築跨領域人才發展聯盟」，偕同各相關地方縣市政府單位、公協會組織加強整合各界能量與產學資源，透過系統性的培育提升相關產業人才的參與及執行效益，協助我國建築相關產業在淨零時代持續成長，加速政策執行成效擴展。
", "英文摘要": "1.Study Origin
To handle the plan of net zero building emissions pathway, and in line with key strategic plans for net zero transformation, Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior will guide public buildings to take the lead in demonstrations to promote net zero buildings and applications. And then promote the participation of private buildings in the development. Gradually accelerate the expansion of influence through the construction of relevant laws and regulations on building energy efficiency assessment, implement building energy efficiency assessment and improvement plan development, cross-disciplinary net zero building talent cultivation, public-private cooperation enables all residents to jointly implement, discussion and promotion of new building methods for energy saving and carbon reduction, and industrial internationalization.
This program focuses on the cultivation of cross-disciplinary net zero building talents. Through the research and development of teaching materials, holding lectures and training, and cross-field industry-university-research development, to cultivate professional talents and drive industrial carbon reduction benefits. Assist in guiding the net zero transformation of buildings to gradually achieve the government's policy goal of "100% of new buildings and more than 85% of existing buildings are near zero carbon buildings by 2050".
2.Research methods and processes
This project is divided into three sub-projects: "Research and development of course materials for cross-disciplinary professionals in net zero buildings", "Instructive training for cross-disciplinary professionals in net zero buildings" and "Industry-university-research cooperation in building platform of net zero buildings " that conduct surveys and estimations on the current situation and demand of industrial talents respectively, establish functional benchmarks for professional talents. Developed 3 volumes of training materials for cross-field professional training courses on net zero buildings; and each with at least 4 sessions of conduct lectures and trainings for construction and mechanical and electrical design professional technical personnel, construction management and construction-related review personnel, and construction and property management personnel. Develop the website structure and operation management maintenance of the "net zero building cross-disciplinary talent cultivation" in the platform website and organize the industry-university-research exchange platform of the "cross-disciplinary talent development alliance for net zero construction", which is a public-private collaboration. Through the alliance meeting, exchange needs and experience, promote the development of industry-university-research cross-disciplinary cooperation, and handle the promotion of net-zero building talents.
3.Key findings
（1）Currently revising three textbooks titled “Practical Evaluation of Energy Efficiency for New Non-Residential Buildings (Revised Edition), Net-Zero Building Systems Operation and Maintenance in Practice”, and Low-Carbon Building Assessment in Practice”. Three draft review sessions were held with experts and scholars with practical experience in the relevant fields between August and September, with the fourth session scheduled for September 25, 2025.
（2）Through the collection of literature research and expert interviews, analyzed data of Net-Zero Building Interior Design and Technical Professional”. A list of experts has been drafted, and expert interviews are scheduled to take place in October 2025, aiming to gradually focus on this year's competency benchmarks, knowledge, and content.
（3）Collecting data on government subsidies for higher education institutions and university course regulations, in order to facilitate subsequent discussions on developing an implementation mechanism to assist universities in offering courses related to Net-Zero Building that also meet industry demands.
（4）Scheduled to complete 3 sessions of seed teacher training programs on September 29th and 30th.
（5）As of September 19th, 2025, two interdisciplinary professional and youth student training sessions have been conducted, with a total of 783 participants trained, including 144 youth students, and 639 participants from online courses.
（6）Collecting relevant data on cross-disciplinary professional certification systems for net-zero buildings, with an initial recommendation to develop an integrated competency and application platform (iCAP). Further data collection, compilation, and analysis will be continued to support the planning of a certification system for cross-disciplinary professionals in net-zero building.
（7）Continued optimization and operation management of the "Net-Zero Building Industry-Academia Promotion Platform Website" is being carried out to achieve the goal of promotion and public awareness.
（8）Scheduled the filming of the first video on net-zero buildings on September 25th, 2025, with the final video due for promotion on the website stated above.
（9）Through the interdisciplinary talent development alliance for net-zero buildings, an industry-academia-government-research exchange platform has been established to strengthen collaboration among the public sector, private sector, academia, and research institutions. Partnerships have been formed with the National Environmental Research Academy (Ministry of Environment), the National Architects Association of R.O.C, and the Kaohsiung City Industrial Development and Investment Promotion Committee. These efforts aim to generate impactful outcomes that benefit the net-zero building industry and its talent cultivation, thereby promoting interdisciplinary collaboration and development in the field of net-zero buildings.
（10）Conduct data collection on the total number of old residential buildings and their floor area nationwide, and their potential future changes.
3.Main Suggestions
Specific and feasible suggestions as follows:
Suggestion 1
Immediate actionable recommendations - Development of teaching materials for interdisciplinary training courses for professionals in net zero buildings.
Sponsor: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizers: Ministry of Labor and local governments
According to the latest " Green building evaluation manual -basic version （EEWH-BC）", " Green building evaluation manual - existing buildings （EEWH-EB）" and " Green building evaluation manual- Building-Efficiency Rating System （EEWH-BERS）" published by the Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, in order to meet the market demand for construction-related industry development, we will use the "Introduction Course" to develop cross-field professional talent training course materials for net zero building on the types and issues of residential buildings, non-residential buildings, and building carbon footprints. , aiming at the needs of different professionals and building energy efficiency assessment as the core, to cultivate cross-disciplinary professionals in net zero buildings, and to promote the accumulation and diffusion of teaching resources for cross-domain integration of net-zero buildings.
Suggestion 2
Immediate actionable recommendations - Strengthen close cooperation with relevant public associations to expand industry participation.
Sponsor: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizers: Taiwan Architecture and Building Center
In order to help the industry accelerate the understanding and application of net-zero building-related policies and technologies, and expand the scope of net-zero sustainable strategies, it is recommended that the "Net-zero Building Cross-Sector Talent Development Alliance" of this plan can be used in the future to strengthen cooperation with relevant public associations. Integrate the energy and industry-university resources, improve the participation and implementation efficiency of relevant industry talents through systematic training, and accelerate the expansion of policy implementation results.
", "相關檔案": "260105-淨零建築跨領域人才培育與平台發展計畫(成果報告)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336552/7e74aed0-5a10-4792-a9d4-e23b8b23ebdd.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336830", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 12 Feb 2026 08:44:00 GMT", "title": "公寓大廈電動車停車場及鋰離子電池室內火災安全對策及管理措施之研究", "計畫主持人": "欒中丕", "協同主持人": "何岫璁", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-06-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "電動車充電、儲能系統、住宅用儲能、鋰電池、熱失控", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "本研究針對公寓大廈地下停車空間與室內鋰離子電池儲能設備之火災風險，聚焦「電動車充電設備、建築物儲能系統、住宅用儲能設備」三類場域，旨在建構兼具制度性與可操作性的防災治理機制，作為政策修訂與實務導入之依據。首先以系統性文獻回顧與規範盤點，整理國內外對鋰電池火災特性、建築技術與管理制度及消防應變流程之關鍵要點，建立對策與指引建構的理論與制度基礎；並彙整近年全球電動車與儲能系統重大事故案例，分析起火誘因、系統缺失與應變困難，作為本案對策與管理流程設計之實證依據與校準條件 。在研究成果面，本案以場域為主軸提出防火對策與管理制度設計，一方面針對地下停車與室內儲能空間提出防火區劃、通風排煙、偵測與抑制／滅火系統配置等設計建議；另一方面建立由「預防—偵測—通報—應變」構成的管理流程。在制度化輸出上，本研究彙整為四大構面指引，分別為「設置安全方案、火災預防方案、緊急應變方案、消防搶救方案」，逐點列出設計與管理的核心控制項，有助於設計階段之設備與空間配置、營運階段之監測維運與異常通報，以及事故階段之管制作為與橫向協調，可供主管機關、檢核單位與管理實務據以採行的參照。為強化第一線人員能量，本研究同步編製模組化教育訓練教材大綱，涵蓋基礎認知、案例解析、操作模擬與分工訓練等模組，並對應不同對象（如管理單位、維運人員與支援人員）規劃差異化課程大綱與練習腳本，以確保教材與現場情境、職能需求相銜接。此外，研究規劃示範場域之火災模擬情境與人員分工，透過演練檢核管理流程與指引之可操作性，彙整場域回饋修訂教材與流程細節，並形成推廣建議。綜合言之，本研究明確界定地下停車與室內儲能空間之風險樣態與設計控制需求；建立可供審查與運行的管理流程與四構面指引，系統串連設計、維運與應變；建置模組化教材與演練腳本，透過訓練與演練驗證並持續精進，最終形成可推廣之標準化內容與工作規程。 研究成果可供主管機關建立教育訓練制度之參考，亦可支持建築管理單位與設備業者在落實風險辨識、預防性維護與緊急應變，提升面對電動車與室內儲能所帶來之火災風險的韌性。
", "英文摘要": "This study addresses the fire risks associated with underground parking spaces in apartment buildings and indoor lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, focusing on three key scenarios: electric vehicle charging equipment, building energy storage systems, and residential energy storage devices, with the objective of developing a disaster prevention and management framework that is both systematic and operational, serving as a basis for policy revision and practical implementation. The research begins with a systematic literature review and regulatory survey, consolidating domestic and international knowledge on lithium battery fire characteristics, building technologies, management systems, and fire response procedures, thereby establishing a theoretical and regulatory foundation for the development of countermeasures and guidelines. It further compiles and analyzes recent global incidents involving electric vehicles and energy storage systems, identifying ignition causes, system deficiencies, and response challenges as empirical evidence and calibration conditions for designing countermeasures and management workflows. Building upon this foundation, the study proposes fire protection strategies and management system designs centered on the three scenarios, offering recommendations for fire compartmentation, ventilation and smoke control, detection, and suppression or extinguishing system configurations for underground parking areas and indoor storage spaces, and establishing a management process structured around the sequence of “prevention–detection–notification–response.” For institutional output, the research consolidates its findings into four comprehensive guideline frameworks—“Installation Safety Plan, Fire Prevention Plan, Emergency Response Plan, and Firefighting and Rescue Plan”—detailing the core design and management control points to support equipment and space configuration during the design phase, monitoring, maintenance, and anomaly reporting during the operational phase, and command-and-control measures and horizontal coordination during the incident phase, thereby providing a practical reference for authorities, inspection agencies, and building management operations. To strengthen frontline personnel capacity, the study simultaneously develops a modular training curriculum that includes fundamental knowledge, case analysis, operational simulations, and role-based drills, with differentiated curricula and exercise scripts tailored for management units, maintenance staff, and emergency support personnel, ensuring that the training content is aligned with site-specific scenarios and functional requirements. Furthermore, the study incorporates fire simulation scenario planning and personnel role assignments at demonstration sites, using drills to verify the operability of the management process and guidelines, collecting feedback to refine training materials and procedural details, and ultimately formulating recommendations for wider dissemination. In conclusion, the study clearly defines the risk profiles and design control requirements of underground parking spaces and indoor energy storage areas, establishes a management process and four-framework guideline that can be reviewed and implemented, systematically linking design, operation, and emergency response, and develops modular training materials and exercise scripts that are continuously improved through training and drills, resulting in standardized content and operational procedures that can serve as references for government agencies in establishing training systems and assist building management entities and equipment suppliers in implementing risk identification, preventive maintenance, and emergency response, thereby enhancing resilience against the fire risks posed by electric vehicles and indoor energy storage systems.
", "相關檔案": "公寓大廈電動車停車場及鋰離子電池室內火災安全對策及管理措施之研究-資料蒐集分析報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336830/f89a2fb9-88b9-491e-9240-8d5c02f92dc2.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336828", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:51:00 GMT", "title": "氣候變遷下土地使用減災科技發展架構先期研究", "計畫主持人": "王榮進", "協同主持人": "吳杰穎", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-05-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "氣候變遷調適、土地使用減災、國土韌性", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著氣候變遷加劇，極端降雨、淹水、坡地災害與都市熱環境問題日益顯著，傳統以工程補強為主之防災思維，已難以單獨因應跨尺度、跨部門之複合型風險。土地使用作為空間治理核心工具，若能結合減災思維與科技支援機制，將可從源頭降低災害暴露與脆弱度，提升國土整體韌性。
近年我國已陸續推動《氣候變遷因應法》、國家氣候變遷調適行動計畫（112–115年）及相關國土與水利法規修訂，顯示土地使用減災調適已逐步制度化。然而，各項政策與科技計畫之間仍存在工具分散、資料未整合、缺乏整體發展架構等問題。因此，本研究以「氣候變遷下土地使用減災科技發展架構」為主軸，進行制度盤點、工具分類與優先行動篩選，作為後續中長期科技計畫規劃之先期基礎。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究採取「政策盤點」、「工具建構」、「行動篩選」，最後連結至「科技對應」之系統性分析流程，主要方法與過程如下：
（一）文獻回顧與理論建構
回顧國內外氣候變遷調適政策與土地使用調適理論，並整理綜效（Synergy）、權衡（Trade-off）與共效益（Co-benefits）之三效分析架構，建立後續
評估基礎。
（二）政策與法規系統性彙整
彙整國土計畫法、水土保持法、氣候變遷因應法及歷年國家調適行動計畫，並盤點六都氣候變遷政策執行現況，分析制度銜接與落差。
（三）土地使用減災調適工具分類建構
本研究為避免調適措施概念混淆與工具重疊，採取制度層級、空間操作尺度與技術屬性三項維度作為分類依據，系統性建構土地使用減災調適工具之分類架構。透過政策文本分析、法規盤點及既有科技計畫內容比對，歸納出六大類調適工具類型，形成具層級性與操作指向之分析體系。
六大類型包括：
1.用途分區與制度管制（制度／規劃層級）
2.開發限制與建築退縮（開發行為層級）
3.滯洪與水文管理
4.低衝擊開發（LID）
5.自然為本解方（NbS）
6.多功能空間利用
（四）優先調適行動計畫篩選
透過專家諮詢與篩選程序，從既有政策與研究計畫中辨識土地使用減災相關之優先調適行動項目。
（五）建築與城鄉減災相關研究計畫工具對應分析
盤點近年相關科技計畫，進行調適工具對應，並運用三效分析架構，辨識研究缺口與未來發展潛力。
三、重要發現
（一）六大類調適工具提供三效分析之系統性架構
本研究建構用途分區與制度管制、開發限制與建築退縮、滯洪與水文管理、低衝擊開發（LID）、自然為本解方（NbS）及多功能空間利用等六大類調適工具，作為分析基礎。透過此分類體系，得以從制度層級、流域尺度、基地尺度與空間整合層級進行跨尺度比較，建立具結構性的三效分析框架。
（二）不同工具類型呈現差異化三效特性
分析結果顯示，各類工具在綜效、權衡與共效益面向上呈現明顯差異：工程導向之滯洪與水文管理工具，多聚焦單一災害風險降低，綜效範圍較為集中；低衝擊開發工具在基地尺度具有一定共效益潛力；自然為本解方與多功能空間利用類型，則在生態服務、都市韌性與公共空間品質等面向展現較高之共效益與跨部門綜效潛力。此結果顯示，工具屬性將直接影響其三效表現結構。
（三）現行研究分布偏重工程型工具，生態整合型研究仍有深化空間
盤點建築與城鄉減災相關研究計畫後發現，現有科技資源配置仍以工程型與水文管理工具為主，自然為本解方與多功能空間整合之系統性三效驗證研究相對不足，顯示未來研究方向應朝向跨工具整合與複合型調適策略深化。
（四）三效分析有助於辨識優先深化之關鍵調適工具
透過三效架構檢視，可辨識具高綜效潛力且權衡風險較低之工具組合，並作為後續科技計畫優先投入與深化研究之依據。此一分析結果亦為中長期
（116–119年）科技發展藍圖規劃提供決策基礎。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
建構跨尺度之建築與城鄉土地使用減災韌性分析架構：立即可行建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 內政部國土管理署、水利署、國家科學及技術委員會
本研究指出，國內近年土地使用調適相關研究涵蓋都市計畫審議、土地使用分區管理、基地水文量化、建築韌性規範及多功能減災空間配置等面向，然成果多分散於不同年度計畫與研究團隊，缺乏跨尺度與跨領域之整合架構，致使調適工具運用邏輯與韌性評估方法難以系統化銜接，亦不利於制度推動與技術標準化。
為統整土地使用調適知識體系，建議由建築研究所主導建構「建築—街廓—都市—區域」之多尺度減災韌性分析架構，整合本研究提出之81項調適工具、三大發展架構與十項發展面向，形成可供都市計畫、開發許可與工程規劃程序運用之共通分析體系。該架構定位為調適工具、規劃制度與技術評估之中介整合層，補強其邏輯銜接，作為後續氣候調適科技發展與制度研擬之基礎。
建議二
推動智慧監測減災技術整合與防災社區能力培力：中長期建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 水利署、國土管理署、國家科學及技術委員會、地方政府
本研究指出，水文監測、淹水預警、崩塌偵測與都市災害資訊揭露等技術成果，多分散於不同年度計畫，尚未形成統一整合架構，且難以有效回饋至土地使用管理、都市計畫審議與社區防災行動層級。地方政府亦反映跨部門資料格式不一與介接困難，影響監測成果之實務應用效益。
建議由建築研究所協同水利署及國科會推動「智慧監測減災技術整合計畫」，建構跨部門資料介接與視覺化應用架構，整合淹水、雨量、河川、坡地及都市災害監測資訊，並發展預警與風險揭露模組。同時強化社區端防災能力，使監測資料轉化為支援社區避難、滯洪空間管理及基本生活資源（Food–Energy–Water, FEW）備援之行動依據。此策略定位為跨部門資料整合與在地應用之中介層，與既有水情預警與研究資料平臺互補，旨在強化智慧監測成果於地方韌性治理之落實深度。
建議三
建立避難收容空間規劃、配置與管理策略：中長期建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 內政部國土管理署、水利署、地方政府、消防署
本研究指出，隨極端降雨與複合災害風險上升，避難收容空間在調適治理中的角色日益重要。然而現行避難空間多由不同單位分別推動，缺乏整體規劃準則，亦未充分整合滯洪空間、公園與校園等多功能公共設施；地方政府在容量評估、設備配置、避難動線與弱勢族群需求納入等面向仍待強化。
建議由建築研究所主導建立「避難收容空間規劃與管理策略」，依不同區位特性發展容量評估模式、選址原則與功能配置標準，並整合滯洪公園、防災公園及校園等空間，建構可轉換之避難體系。同時強化避難路網與疏散機制設計，提升收容空間之安全性與運作韌性。此策略定位於都市規劃層級之空間整合架構，與既有避難管理機制功能互補，有助於建構更完整之都市災害防救體系。
", "英文摘要": "Background and objectives
As climate change intensifies, extreme rainfall, flooding, slope-related hazards, and urban heat stress have become increasingly prominent. Traditional disaster prevention approaches that rely primarily on engineering reinforcement are no longer sufficient to address cross-scale and cross-sectoral compound risks. As a core instrument of spatial governance, land use—when integrated with disaster risk reduction strategies and technological support mechanisms—can reduce hazard exposure and vulnerability at the source, thereby enhancing overall territorial resilience.
In recent years, Taiwan has enacted the Climate Change Response Act, implemented the National Climate Change Adaptation Action Plan (2023–2026), and revised relevant national land and water-related regulations, indicating the gradual institutionalization of land-use-based disaster risk reduction and adaptation. Nevertheless, fragmentation of tools, limited data integration, and the absence of a comprehensive development framework remain persistent challenges across policies and technology programs. Accordingly, this study centers on developing a “Technological Development Framework for Land-Use-Based Disaster Risk Reduction under Climate Change,” undertaking institutional review, tool classification, and priority action screening to establish a foundational basis for medium- to long-term science and technology planning.
Method and approach
This study adopts a systematic analytical framework comprising policy review, tool construction, action screening, and subsequent technology
alignment. The principal methods and processes are as follows:
(1) Literature Review and Theoretical Framework Development
A comprehensive review of domestic and international climate change adaptation policies and land-use adaptation theories was conducted. Based on this review, a three-effect analytical framework—encompassing Synergy, Trade-off, and Co-benefits—was synthesized to establish the foundation for subsequent evaluation.
(2) Systematic Compilation of Policies and Regulations
Relevant legislation and policy instruments—including the National Land Planning Act, Soil and Water Conservation Act, Climate Change Response Act, and successive National Climate Change Adaptation Action Plans—were systematically compiled. Implementation status across the six special municipalities was further examined to identify institutional linkages and gaps.
(3) Construction of a Classification Framework for Land-Use-Based Disaster Risk Reduction Tools
To avoid conceptual ambiguity and overlap among adaptation measures, this study developed a classification framework based on three dimensions: institutional level, spatial scale of operation, and technological attributes. Through policy text analysis, regulatory review, and comparison of existing science and technology programs, six major categories of land-use-based disaster risk reduction tools were identified, forming a hierarchical and operational analytical system:
1.Zoning and regulatory control (institutional/planning level)
2.Development restrictions and building setbacks (development control level)
3.Flood detention and hydrological management
4.Low Impact Development (LID)
5.Nature-based Solutions (NbS)
6.Multi-functional spatial utilization
(4) Screening of Priority Adaptation Actions
Through expert consultation and screening procedures, priority adaptation actions related to land-use-based disaster risk reduction were identified
from existing policies and research programs.
(5) Tool–Technology Alignment Analysis of Building and Urban Disaster Reduction Research Programs
Recent science and technology projects were reviewed to map their alignment with the classified adaptation tools. Using the three-effect analytical framework, research gaps and future development potential were identified.
Main results
(1) The Six Categories of Adaptation Tools as a Systematic Framework for Three-Effect Analysis
This study establishes six categories of adaptation tools—zoning and regulatory control, development restrictions and building setbacks, flood detention and hydrological management, Low Impact Development (LID), Nature-based Solutions (NbS), and multi-functional spatial utilization—as the analytical foundation. Through this classification system, cross-scale comparisons can be conducted across institutional levels, watershed scales, site scales, and spatial integration levels, thereby forming a structured framework for three-effect analysis (Synergy, Trade-off, and Co-benefits).
(2) Differentiated Three-Effect Characteristics across Tool Types
The analysis indicates that different categories of tools exhibit distinct patterns in terms of synergy, trade-offs, and co-benefits. Engineering-oriented flood detention and hydrological management tools primarily focus on reducing specific hazard risks, resulting in a relatively concentrated synergy profile. LID measures demonstrate certain co-benefit potential at the site scale. In contrast, Nature-based Solutions and multi-functional spatial utilization approaches show comparatively higher co-benefits and cross-sectoral synergies, particularly in ecological services, urban resilience, and public space quality. These findings suggest that tool attributes directly shape their three-effect performance structures.
(3) Current Research Emphasizes Engineering-Based Tools, While Ecological Integration Requires Further Development
A review of recent building and urban disaster reduction research programs reveals that existing science and technology investments remain concentrated on engineering and hydrological management tools. Systematic three-effect validation studies focusing on Nature-based Solutions and multi-functional spatial integration remain relatively limited, indicating that future research should prioritize cross-tool integration and composite adaptation strategies.
(4) Three-Effect Analysis as a Basis for Identifying Priority Adaptation Tools
Application of the three-effect framework enables the identification of tool combinations with high synergy potential and comparatively low trade-off risks, thereby informing priority investment and research deepening in subsequent science and technology programs. These findings also provide an analytical foundation for medium- to long-term (2027–2030) technological development planning.
Major suggestions
This study proposes one short-term and two long-term strategies as follows:
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (short-term strategy)
t is recommended to establish a cross-scale analytical framework for building and urban land-use-based disaster resilience. Although recent research covers urban planning review, zoning management, hydrological quantification, building resilience standards, and multi-functional mitigation spaces, outcomes remain fragmented across annual programs and lack an integrated cross-scale framework, limiting institutional coherence and technical standardization.
The Architecture and Building Research Institute should lead the development of a multi-scale framework structured across building–block–city–region levels. Integrating the 81 adaptation tools, three development frameworks, and ten development dimensions identified in this study, the framework would serve as a common analytical system for urban planning, development permitting, and engineering procedures. As an intermediate integrative layer linking adaptation tools, planning institutions, and technical evaluation, it would provide a foundation for future climate adaptation policy and technology development.
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (long-term strategy 1)
It is recommended to promote the integration of smart monitoring technologies and strengthen community resilience capacity. Current hydrological monitoring, flood warning, landslide detection, and disaster information systems remain fragmented and insufficiently connected to land-use management and community action. Inconsistent data formats and cross-departmental integration barriers further limit practical application.
The proposed “Smart Monitoring Disaster Reduction Technology Integration Program,” led by the Architecture and Building Research Institute in collaboration with relevant agencies, should establish cross-departmental data linkage and visualization mechanisms, integrate multi-hazard monitoring data, and develop early warning and risk disclosure modules. Community capacity should be enhanced so monitoring information supports evacuation planning, flood detention management, and basic Food–Energy–Water (FEW) preparedness. This strategy complements existing warning systems by strengthening data integration and local application within resilience governance.
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (long-term strategy 2)
It is recommended to establish an integrated planning and management strategy for evacuation and shelter spaces. With increasing compound disaster risks, shelter spaces require coordinated planning rather than fragmented implementation. Current systems lack unified standards and insufficiently integrate multi-functional public facilities such as flood detention parks and school campuses.
The Architecture and Building Research Institute should lead the development of a strategy that defines capacity assessment models, site selection principles, and functional standards across different locational contexts. By integrating flood detention parks, disaster prevention parks, campuses, and other facilities into a convertible evacuation system and strengthening evacuation routing mechanisms, this strategy would enhance operational safety and resilience. Positioned at the urban planning level, it complements existing shelter management systems and supports a more comprehensive disaster response framework.
", "相關檔案": "印製--氣候變遷下土地使用減災科技發展架構先期研究(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336828/b73c588b-1385-4aef-9b6c-e05bb0b86881.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336829", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 12 Feb 2026 08:43:00 GMT", "title": "公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施管理維護與智慧監控技術之研究", "計畫主持人": "朱慶倫", "協同主持人": "廖朝軒", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-05-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "雨水貯集滯洪設施、智慧監控、建築管理、參考指引", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
為減少都市開發對雨水逕流的影響，內政部國土署於民國102年頒訂《建築技術規則》之建築設計施工編第4條之3規定都市計畫地區新建、增建或改建之建築物應設置雨水貯集滯洪設施，旨在降低建築基地向外排放的雨水逕流，進而實現減洪與滯洪功能。配合中央規範，各地方政府陸續制定相關自治條例與技術規定，除明訂建築基地應具備的最小雨水貯集滯洪容量外，部分縣市更進一步設立最大允許排放量與出流控制標準，以確保在極端降雨事件下，能有效延緩洪峰形成、減緩逕流對下游地區所造成之衝擊。經濟部水利署於2018年修正《水利法》新增「逕流分擔與出流管制」專章，並於2019年訂頒相關子法，進一步完善了雨水貯集滯洪設施的法規架構。這些法規的實施，旨在透過集水區內的雨水貯集滯洪設施與土地共同分擔雨水逕流，從而降低極端降雨事件帶來的災害風險。
自相關規定施行以來，許多建築物已依規定設置雨水貯集滯洪設施，然由於中央法規目前對於設施建置後的檢查與維護尚缺乏明確的規範，使建築負責人、管委會或管理業者多數未將該設施納入日常設施管理範疇，甚至對其存在與功能皆無明確認知，導致設施失效或閒置之情況普遍存在，難以實現當初設計時所預期之水量削減效益與滯洪貢獻。雖然臺北市、新北市等部分地方政府已制定自治條例，針對滯洪設施之年度檢查與豪雨應變進行管理，但對於日常維護作業內容、定期功能檢測與管理人員操作制度等面向，仍缺乏具體指導與制度性安排，使建築使用者於實際管理上難以落實。內政部建築研究所於113年度辦理「建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施管理制度納入智慧監控系統之研究」，調查現況並規劃智慧監控模組設計，初步編擬使用維護操作指引草案，期能作為建築負責人日常管理之參考，提升其維管認知與操作能力。惟現行法規對於公寓大廈等建築物設置智慧監控或自動監測設備，尚未建立明確規範。為此，本研究將進一步研擬智慧監控系統之功能層級與推動架構，並增修指引草案內容，強化法規於設施設置、審查、檢查與營運制度之完備性，最終建構具前瞻性與永續性的管理制度，促進建築物智慧化滯洪管理整合發展。
二、研究方法及過程
本計畫主要規劃4項研究內容，其工作項目如下：
1.國內外建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施智慧化監管相關資料蒐集，並進行公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施智慧化監管的功能層級分類與進程規劃。
2.初擬公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施智慧化監管之系統安裝與操作維護相關內容。
3.公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施操作與維護參考指引草案編修與出版前置作業。
4.舉辦公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施操作與維護培訓講習會。
本研究旨在建構公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施管理維護與智慧監控技術之內容，提升設施之操作維護效率與資訊化管理能力，並強化使用者、維運單位與管理者對於系統功能之認知與執行效能。計畫將延續113年研究成果，蒐集並分析國內外有關建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施智慧化監管相關制度、技術架構與案例經驗，進一步針對公寓大廈情境進行適用性評估，擬定符合實務需求之功能層級分類與推動進程規劃。同時，將初擬公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施智慧化監管系統安裝標準與操作維護之內容，並且為強化制度應用層面，將依據調查結果與專家意見，完成建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施使用維護操作參考指引(草案)之增修及出版前置作業，提供業界與管理機關具體可行之執行依據。進而為提升建築專業人員、物業管理人員與設施使用者之知識水準與實務能力，計畫將辦理相關操作與維護之培訓講習會，推廣智慧化監管理念與技術應用，促使設施得以長期穩定運作，進而發揮雨水貯集滯洪設施於都市洪災調適與災害韌性提升之關鍵效益。
三、重要發現
1.完成國內外雨水管理現況調查與案例分析
本計畫針對公寓大廈已建置之雨水貯集滯洪設施進行訪談與資料蒐整，調查其設施型態、使用與維護現況。透過中央與地方法規比較發現，我國制度多著重設置與容量規範，對維護與稽核機制仍不完善，且地方規範標準不一，致管理出現落差。國內智慧化示範已證實感測與通訊技術具可行性，但整合應用仍在初期；可借鏡國外經驗運用AI與IoT建立即時監測與預測排放系統，實現分散式儲水與協同管理。綜上，推動智慧監控層級與制度整合，為提升建築基地滯洪設施韌性與效能之關鍵方向。
2.完成智慧監控功能層級分類與操作維護內容初擬及推動策略研擬
為促進智慧化技術於建築雨水貯集滯洪設施之應用，本計畫依系統複雜度與管理需求，建構「基本監測」、「智慧監控」與「整合監管」三層級架構，且前兩者更細分為基礎型與進階型。推動上將以「基礎監測」為起點，逐步提升資料可得性與操作能力，進而擴充至自動控制與整合管理。推動策略分為三階段：短期以教育訓練與示範推廣為主，中期建立示範場域與查核制度，長期則強化法規整合與制度銜接，實現建築與都市排水系統協同運作的智慧化管理模式。
3.完成建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施使用維護操作指引（草案）編修
本計畫依據實務調查與技術研析成果，完成《建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施使用維護操作參考指引（草案）》修訂，重點在增訂智慧監控技術導入內容，提升操作與維護之系統性與實用性。修訂除補充操作流程、異常應變與巡檢紀錄範例外，並針對不同設施型態提出維護建議，依智慧監控層級分類對應設備與維護需求。本次新增第3.4節「智慧化監測配置架構」、第4.3節「水位監測與紀錄」，並強化第4.4節「檢查與維護」，使指引更貼近智慧監控推動趨勢，建構兼具操作性與擴充性的管理框架。
4.完成培訓講習會試辦推廣
為強化管理單位及相關維護人員對雨水貯集滯洪設施之認知與操作能力，本計畫初步建構培訓講習內容，涵蓋設施功能原理、操作與維護重點、巡檢紀錄撰寫、異常判斷與智慧監控系統應用等，並規劃實地操作輔導，以提升學員實務理解與操作能力。本年度共辦理五場講習會暨工作坊，分別針對不同類型公寓大廈實例進行現地說明與經驗交流，協助與會人員了解操作實務與維管重點。活動中亦廣泛蒐集管理單位與維運廠商之意見與建議，作為後續課程修正與制度化推動之參據。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
持續修訂維護操作指引並結合實務培訓課程推廣應用：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心、台灣綠色生態設施協會及相關學協會
建議持續優化指引內容，擴充不同設施型式與建築場域之操作維護流程，並增列異常判斷、應變與智慧監控應用案例，以提升實務操作性。同時延續本計畫講習會暨工作坊成果，持續辦理實作與推廣活動，強化管理人員、物業單位與技術廠商間之知識交流，提升操作維護與智慧監控能力，促進制度落實與長期管理成效，建構永續的教育與管理體系。
建議二
智慧監控系統模組化設備研發與建設規劃：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
截至目前，計畫執行建築物雨水貯集滯洪設施設置智慧監控系統相關研究，因為創新的系統設計，故系統所使用的設備購自不同的設備廠商，且設備整併需考量運作性能、穩定度且利於通訊連結與整合才進行採用，因此在工業電腦主機、控制設備、感測設備(水位計、流量計)、網域建置以及資通訊的測試，設置上比較費時費工；而在歷時多次的測試與架構優化，為提升未來推廣落實的便利性，擬研發模組化設備架構，使系統設置連結更容易、簡化系統設定介面，並使系統具輕巧性以及設置價格更為合理，其成果將可做為未來都市雨洪管理智慧相關產業發展之參考。
建議三
建立建築端雨水管理智慧化制度推動機制與法規整合路徑：長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署、經濟部水利署、各地方政府
建議由中央主管機關統整既有法令架構，參酌《建築技術規則》、《公寓大廈管理條例》與地方自治條例內容，研議納入或另訂定智慧監控管理相關條文與辦法以及研訂技術參考指引，建立建築端雨水設施智慧化管理推動機制，作為長期都市洪災調適與智慧治理策略之一。
", "英文摘要": "1.Purpose of the research
To reduce the impacts of urban development on stormwater runoff, the National Land Administration of the Ministry of the Interior amended Article 4-3 of the Building Design and Construction Chapter of the Building Technical Regulations in 2013. The amendment requires that new buildings, additions, and renovations within urban planning districts install rainwater harvesting and detention facilities to lower off-site discharge and achieve peak reduction and detention functions. In alignment with the central regulations, local governments subsequently enacted self-governing ordinances and technical provisions that specify minimum storage and detention capacities for building sites. Some jurisdictions further set maximum allowable discharge and outflow control standards to delay peak formation and mitigate downstream impacts during extreme rainfall.
In 2018, the Water Resources Agency of the Ministry of Economic Affairs amended the Water Act to add a dedicated chapter on “Runoff Allocation and Outflow Control,” followed in 2019 by related sub-regulations. These measures aim to distribute runoff between land and rainwater detention facilities across catchments and thereby reduce disaster risk during extreme events.
Since these requirements came into force, many buildings have installed rainwater harvesting and detention facilities. However, because central regulations still lack clear provisions for post-installation inspection and maintenance, many building owners, condominium associations, and management firms do not include these facilities in routine management, and awareness of their presence and function is limited. As a result, facilities are often idle or ineffective, and the anticipated benefits for runoff reduction and detention are not realized. Although some local governments such as Taipei City and New Taipei City have adopted ordinances for annual inspections and heavy-rain response, there remain gaps in daily maintenance procedures, periodic performance testing, and operator protocols, which hampers implementation.
In 2024, the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI) of the Ministry of the Interior conducted the project “Incorporating Smart Monitoring into the Management System for Building Rainwater Harvesting and Detention Facilities.” The project surveyed current conditions, planned smart-monitoring module designs, and drafted a preliminary Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Reference Guideline to support day-to-day management by building owners and improve operator awareness and capability. Nonetheless, explicit regulations for installing smart monitoring or automatic sensing equipment in buildings such as condominiums have not yet been established. This study therefore develops functional tiers and a promotion framework for smart monitoring systems and revises the guideline draft to strengthen the completeness of regulations covering installation, review, inspection, and operation. The goal is to build a forward-looking and sustainable management system that advances integrated, smart detention management at the building scale.
2.Methodology and procedures
The following are the four primary research topics and associated tasks for this project:
Collect domestic and international information on smart oversight of rainwater harvesting and detention facilities in buildings, and develop functional tiering and a staged roadmap for condominiums.
Draft content on system installation and O&M for smart oversight of condominium rainwater harvesting and detention facilities.
Revise the draft O&M Reference Guideline for condominiums and complete pre-publication procedures.
Organize training workshops on O&M for condominium rainwater harvesting and detention facilities.
3.Major findings
Survey of Current Conditions and Case Analyses
Interviews and data collection were conducted for condominiums that have installed rainwater harvesting and detention facilities, examining facility types and O&M practices. A comparison of central and local regulations shows an emphasis on installation and capacity, with insufficient provisions for maintenance and auditing. Standards vary across jurisdictions, creating management gaps. Domestic pilot projects have demonstrated the feasibility of sensing and communications technologies, though integrated applications are still in early stages. Internationally, AI and IoT have been applied to real-time monitoring and predictive discharge control to enable distributed storage and coordinated management. Advancing smart monitoring tiers and integrating regulatory systems is therefore a key pathway to improve the resilience and performance of building-scale detention.
Functional Tiers, Preliminary O&M Content, and Promotion Strategy
Based on system complexity and management needs, the study proposes three tiers: Basic Monitoring, Smart Control, and Integrated Oversight. The first two tiers are further divided into basic and advanced types. Implementation begins with Basic Monitoring to enhance data availability and operational capability, then expands to automated control and integrated management. The promotion strategy has three phases: short-term emphasis on education and demonstration, mid-term establishment of pilot sites and auditing mechanisms, and long-term integration of laws and institutions to achieve a smart management model that coordinates buildings with urban drainage systems.
Revision of the Draft O&M Reference Guideline
The guideline is revised to add smart monitoring content and to enhance the systematic and practical nature of O&M. The revisions supplement operating procedures, contingency responses, and inspection record examples, and provide maintenance recommendations tailored to facility types, aligned with the smart-monitoring tiers and associated equipment and O&M needs. New sections include 3.4 “Architecture for Smart Monitoring Deployment” and 4.3 “Water Level Monitoring and Recording,” with Section 4.4 “Inspection and Maintenance” strengthened to reflect current smart-monitoring trends and to build a management framework that is both operable and expandable.
Pilot Training and Outreach
The project developed pilot training modules covering facility functions, O&M essentials, inspection recordkeeping, anomaly diagnosis, and smart system applications, and also planned on-site coaching to improve practical understanding and capability. Four workshops were held this year using different condominium case studies for on-site explanation and experience sharing. Feedback from management units and service providers was widely collected to inform subsequent course refinement and institutionalization.
4.Major recommendation items
Through this research, following three recommendations are made for immediate- and middle- to long- term period:
Recommendation 1
Ongoing revision of the O&M guideline combined with practical training and outreach: immediate
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
Co-organizers: Taiwan Architecture and Building Center, Taiwan Green Infrastructure Association, and related professional societies.
Continue to refine the guideline by expanding O&M procedures for diverse facility types and building contexts and by adding cases on anomaly diagnosis, emergency response, and smart monitoring applications. Sustain hands-on workshops and outreach to strengthen knowledge exchange among managers, property firms, and technology vendors, improve O&M and smart-monitoring capability, support regulatory implementation, and build a sustainable education and management system.
Recommendation 2
R&D on modular smart-monitoring equipment and deployment planning: medium to long term
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
Co-organizers: Taiwan Architecture and Building Cente.
Given that current innovative system designs often integrate devices from multiple vendors and require performance, stability, and communications compatibility, installation and testing of industrial PCs, controllers, sensors (water level and flow), networks, and ICT can be labor-intensive. After multiple rounds of testing and architecture refinement, the study recommends developing modular equipment to simplify interconnection and system configuration, reduce size and cost, and facilitate broader adoption. The results can support future smart urban flood management industries.
Recommendation 3
Establish a promotion mechanism and regulatory integration pathway for smart building-side rainwater management: long- term
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
Co-organizers: National Land Administration, MOI; Water Resources Agency Cente, MOEA; local governments.
The central government should consolidate the existing legal framework and, referencing the Building Technical Regulations, the Condominium Administration Act, and local ordinances, consider adding clauses or technical guidelines for smart monitoring management. This will create a structured promotion mechanism for smart management of building-side rainwater facilities as part of long-term urban flood adaptation and smart governance strategies.
", "相關檔案": "114協資料蒐集分析報告(公寓大廈雨水貯集滯洪設施管理維護與智慧監控技術之研究)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336829/da258c99-014d-46a1-9a4e-a93ccf9200cf.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336845", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 11 Feb 2026 08:32:00 GMT", "title": "台灣都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性規劃（二）", "計畫主持人": "羅偉誠", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人成大水利海洋研究發展文教基金會", "執行行程": "2025-05-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "氣候變遷、減洪韌性、都市計畫、水理分析、雲端平台", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
近年在氣候變遷影響下，極端降雨發生頻率與規模已有增強的趨勢，短延時強降雨的暴雨事件已漸為常態，都會區的洪泛災害若僅以傳統工程手段進行減洪，其可達之減災績效顯已趨近極限，土地使用計畫等非工程手段逐漸受到重視。為因應氣候變遷極端降雨對都市土地之浸淹衝擊，如能分析出具有減災效能的土地使用規劃，將可朝向降低淹水風險、建構具有淹水承受能力之韌性城鄉目標邁進。
然而，都市內水減洪涉及土地使用規劃與水理演算等跨領域知識，兩者均備之技術門檻較高。本研究期能以建立可跨越土地使用規劃與水理演算之減洪韌性評估技術應用，並建構一減洪韌性雲端平台，協助土地使用規劃人員評估氣候變遷及未來土地使用情境下受淹水影響之土地，檢視未來土地使用規劃因應淹水之合宜性，進一步可輔助地方政府進行氣候變遷下國土計畫規劃方案之評估。
本研究從宏觀角度及流域觀點，檢視都會區域上、中、下游開發或都市發展影響。面對氣候變遷衝擊，若能從流域觀點探討區域範圍內之各該區位之都市或地區的逕流分擔措施及其內水減洪調適成效，進而應用於整體都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性將更能顯現其績效。為此，本研究以六都為研究區域，規劃四年期計畫，應用地文性淹水排水模式（Physiographic drainage-inundation model, PHD-model），並就都會區域範圍內所有水系擬一併進行逕流模擬，並期能將降雨情境轉化成各計畫區之逕流，俾符合各縣市政府國土計畫的審議與管理需求。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究以桃園市和臺中市為案例地區，蒐集研究範圍相關計畫、水文資料（包括雨量、水位、流量及潮位）、地文資料（包括地形地勢、交通系統、水利設施、土地利用及都市計畫概況等），以瞭解研究案例地區之水文與地文特性，並完成地文性淹排水模式之檢定與驗證，以完成水理模式之建置。
本研究以重現期10年24小時延時及其氣候變遷情境下之雨量作為雨量情境之設定，另以現況土地利用及配合氣候變遷之未來土地使用作為土地情境設定，以地文性淹排水模式進行現況土地利用於重現期10年雨量情境下之逕流模擬演算並作為基礎情境（baseline），再進行未來土地使用於氣候變遷雨量情境下之逕流模擬演算，透過都市計畫範圍之重現期雨量及其氣候變遷雨量情境之淹水分析，針對案例地區都市計畫範圍之淹水範圍及盤點公有土地及國營事業土地以進行內水減洪調適韌性規劃，並運用水理運算分析技術，探討桃園市的南崁都市計畫區內高速公路沿線、桃園高鐵特定區計畫內南北兩側區域、桃園市中壢平鎮都市計畫位於老街溪、新街溪流域之區域、桃園市楊梅區位於老街溪、新街溪流域之區域；以及臺中市的臺中高鐵站附近區域及梧棲區附近區域等區域之減淹策略與建議。
透過軟硬體架構、平台介面、資料庫佈署、擷取模組及可靠性監控規劃與備份機制建置雲端平台系統，再進行資料管理架構的建立，接著將地理圖資透過GIS展示於網頁，並將地文性淹排水模式之逕流演算成果展示於平台，以完成資料系統規劃與減洪韌性雲端平台雛型建構。
上述內水減洪調適韌性規劃成果以座談會之形式，邀集內政部國土管理署國土計畫組、內政部國土管理署城鄉發展分署、桃園市政府都市發展局及臺灣省都市計畫技師公會等進行跨領域之產、官、學交流，並針對內水減洪調適韌性規劃成果及減洪韌性平台階段性成果進行討論。
三、重要發現
本研究以桃園市與臺中市為研究案例對象，使用「地文性淹排水模式」模擬在10年重現期及氣候變遷降雨等雨量情境，以及土地利用現況及都市計畫情境之逕流現象，針對逕流演算成果，再進行後續之氣候變遷雨量情境及都會區域計畫範圍內土地之內水減洪韌性規劃情境之逕流現象模擬，以分析與探討演算各情境之影響，針對本研究之成果可得重要發現如下。
(一)經氣候變遷暴雨增量分析，可發現桃園市及臺中市於氣候變遷情境下，降雨量均有顯著提升，最大之增量可超過50.8%。又模擬結果顯示現況易淹區域於未來氣候變遷情境下，淹水範圍及深度均有上升，尤以都市發展核心區（如：桃園市中壢區）和新興發展區（如：桃園市平鎮區、大園區）影響最顯著，顯示氣候變遷加劇都市計畫地區受淹水災害之風險。
(二)桃園市及臺中市可利用減洪措施潛力區位資源
1.桃園市減洪措施潛力區位中以埤塘土地占比較高，符合「千塘之鄉」之名號，桃園市於氣候變遷降雨情境下具3,062.45公頃的減洪措施潛力區位，然模擬顯示埤塘多位於較遠位置，對減淹效果有限，建議未來應協商整合淹水範圍內土地，並以公園用地及短、中距離可蓄洪埤塘串聯藍綠系統，以最大化桃園市整體減洪效益。
2.臺中市減洪措施潛力區位以未開闢農2公有地占比最高，占整體減洪措施潛力區位34%，其次為城1農業區公有地，達整體比例達26%，各類減洪措施潛力區位之土地面積達3,427.23公頃。
(三)減洪措施潛力區位之建議
1.建議整合淹水潛勢區內未開闢農2公有地、城1農業區公有地、農5農業區公有地、城1公園綠地、埤塘土地、未開闢臺灣糖業股份有限公司土地資源，於未來土地辦理開發作業時予以保留，同時規劃作為滯洪設施及綠色基盤設施設置區位之儲備用地。
2.流域或行政區內淹水範圍可利用減洪措施潛力區位較少或無可利用資源者，考量其區位已有淹水情形且無足夠之可利用資源，為避免淹水範圍擴大增加，建議於土地規劃作業時應以避免持續擴大及開發為原則（如桃園市南崁都市計畫區內高速公路沿線農業區、桃園市楊梅位於老街、桃園市新街溪之農牧用地、臺中市梧棲區之農業區）。如地方政府考量經濟發展或既有產業設施聚集效益，確有開發利用之需求，建議整合周邊可利用之減洪措施潛力區位進行系統性減洪規劃；針對區域內現有以兩面光、三面光形式之人工排水系統，應逐步推動韌性化與生態化排水改善再造，採取透水性底材、植生護岸、緩坡化渠岸及側溝滯洪池化等方式，恢復水體的調蓄與涵養能力，降低開發後淹水災害對地區之影響；針對大面積之街廓型態城市，得建議透過基地保水策略減洪；針對已開發之建成區域環境，得強化軟體面因應，如籌組防災社區、研提防災計畫、繪製防災地圖，強化社區韌性減災能力。
(四)減洪韌性雲端平台除了各式功能模組的精進外，今年度已著手進行情境需求的功能開發，目前已經完成雨量、潮位的編修功能，可讓土地使用相關規劃人員自訂歷史氣候條件，俟下期高程編修與土地利用編輯模組完成後，即可進行線上分析作業。
四、主要建議事項
本年度已完成台灣都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性規劃（二）之研究，本研究針對短及中長期提出以下建議：
建議一
推動以水理分析為基礎之全國性都市內水調適規劃框架：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
去年度完成台灣都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性規劃（一）之臺南市、高雄市研究，本年度完成台灣都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性規劃（二）之桃園市與臺中市研究，規劃明、後年度完成臺北市及新北市之研究。建議未來可同樣以跨流域之單一縣市行政區為案例，應用水理分析技術，演算並分析建成區域計畫空間規劃情境之洪災潛勢，並逐步完成全臺之內水減洪調適規劃，自水理分析觀點針對地方層級國土計畫通盤檢討氣候變遷調適相關內容提供建議，規劃成果可供相關單位推動相關都會區域計畫、直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫參考使用。
建議二
減洪韌性雲端平台之後續維護管理：中期建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署城鄉分署
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
透過歷年研究，減洪調適水理技術應用於空間規劃已趨於成熟，本研究據此已初步建構減洪韌性雲端平台，並提供臺南市、高雄市、桃園市、臺中市之演算網格資料，由於本研究之減洪韌性雲端平台建置之目的在於協助土地使用規劃人員評估氣候變遷及未來土地使用情境下受淹水影響之土地，檢視未來土地使用規劃因應淹水之合宜性，進一步可輔助地方政府進行氣候變遷下國土計畫規劃方案之評估。圖資的更新在模式的準確度提升與土地情境的設定具有其重要性，故需要經常性維護與定期資料更新，且本平台偏向屬於減洪水理演算成果之模擬與展示，與常見之GIS展示平台屬性不同，建議需要專業人員進行維護，建議減洪韌性雲端平台後續維護管理可由整合圖資之政府機關進行辦理。
建議三
建議水理演算技術考量土地使用之動態關係以提升完整性：中期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
建議本研究水理演算模擬之應用，後續可針對演算網格之曲線號碼值（CN值）之界定另擬情境，進一步探討土地利用與CN值本身之動態關係，使逕流量淹水潛勢帶來的影響得更加精確，同時考量自然邊界（流域涉及範圍）與人文邊界（行政區）之差異，以完整考量上、中、下游之承洪韌性策略。
建議四
建議水理演算技術納入大型計畫規劃過程參考使用：中、長期建議
主辦機關：直轄市、縣（市）政府、經濟部水利署水利規劃分署
建議本研究水理演算模擬之應用，後續可做政府單位於擬定大型計畫時，針對計畫涉及淹水潛勢部分進行相關淹水模擬及研提配套減洪策略所用，如直轄市、縣（市）政府得於辦理直轄市、縣（市）國土計畫通盤檢討或都市計畫通盤檢討過程中，使用本案淹水模擬為參考，進而提出相關配套處理策略，或如經濟部水利署水利規劃分署，得於擬訂流域特定區域計畫過程中，依據本案之淹水模擬成果為參考，適當調配流域上、中、下游之土地使用規劃。
", "英文摘要": "Background and objectives
In recent years, under the influence of climate change, both the frequency and magnitude of extreme rainfall events have increased, and short-duration intensive storms have gradually become the norm. Consequently, the disaster-reduction benefits achievable by relying solely on traditional engineering measures for flood mitigation in metropolitan areas are nearing their limits, and non-structural approaches such as land-use planning are receiving growing attention. If land-use planning strategies with proven disaster-reduction effectiveness can be identified, urban areas can move toward reducing inundation risk and building resilient cities and communities with greater flood tolerance.
However, pluvial flooding mitigation in urban areas requires cross-disciplinary expertise in both land-use planning and hydraulic modeling, each of which entails a high technical threshold. This study aims to develop a flood-mitigation resilience assessment technique that bridges land-use planning and hydraulic modeling, and to establish a flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform. The platform will help planners evaluate lands affected by inundation under climate change and future land-use scenarios, verify the appropriateness of planning responses to flooding, and further support local governments in assessing national land-planning alternatives under climate change.
From a macro and watershed perspective, this study examines how upstream, midstream, and downstream development or urban growth within metropolitan regions influences runoff. In response to climate-change impacts, investigating runoff-sharing measures and their pluvial flooding mitigation and adaptation effectiveness across different locations within a watershed—and then applying these findings to metropolitan regional planning—will better demonstrate overall flood-mitigation resilience. Accordingly, the study takes the 6 special municipalities as the research area and implements a four-year program, using the Physiographic drainage-inundation model （PHD-model） as the analytical core. Runoff simulations will be conducted for all water systems within the metropolitan regions, with the goal of translating rainfall scenarios into planning-area runoff so as to meet the review and management needs of national land plans across counties and cities.
Method and approach
This study selected Taoyuan City and Taichung City as the case study areas. Relevant plans within the study scope were collected together with hydrological data—including rainfall, water level, discharge, and tidal level—and physiographic data—including topography, transportation systems, water-conservancy facilities, land use, and an overview of urban planning. These datasets were used to understand the hydrological and physiographic characteristics of the case areas, and to calibrate and validate the PHD-model, thereby completing the construction of the hydraulic model.
Rainfall scenarios were defined using a 10-year return period rainfall event with a 24-hour duration, together with a corresponding climate-change rainfall scenario. The land-use scenarios included both current land use and future land use aligned with climate-change conditions. The PHD-model was first applied to simulate runoff under current land use with the 10-year return-period rainfall scenario as the base-line, and then to simulate runoff under future land use with the climate-change rainfall scenario. Based on inundation analyses within the Urban planning scenario areas under both rainfall scenarios, the study delineated inundation extents and inventoried Public Land and land of State-owned enterprise to support pluvial flooding mitigation and adaptation resilience planning. In addition, hydraulic analysis techniques for flood mitigation were employed to examine flood-reduction strategies and recommendations at key locations. These included sites in Taoyuan City, such as the National Highway corridor within the Nankan Urban Plan area, the northern and southern sections of the THSR Taoyuan Station Special District Plan area, areas of the Zhongli–Pingzhen Urban Plan within the Laojie Creek and Xinjie Creek basins, and areas of Yangmei District within the same basins; as well as sites in Taichung City, including the vicinity of the THSR Taichung Station and areas near Wuqi District.
A cloud platform system was established by developing the hardware/software architecture, platform interface, database deployment, data-extraction modules, reliability monitoring, and backup mechanisms. After building the data-management framework, geographic datasets were displayed on the web through GIS, and runoff-simulation results from the PHD-model were presented on the platform. This completed the data-system planning and the prototype construction of the flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform.
The pluvial flooding mitigation and adaptation resilience planning results were then reviewed through stakeholder workshops, bringing together cross-disciplinary participants from government, industry, and academia, including the National Land Planning Division and the Urban and Rural Development Branch of the National Land Management Agency （Ministry of the Interior）, the Taoyuan City Government Urban Development Bureau, and the Taiwan Provincial Association of Urban Planning Technicians. These sessions discussed both the resilience-planning outcomes and the phased achievements of the flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform.
Main results
This study takes Taoyuan City and Taichung City as case study areas. Using the PHD-model, it simulates runoff under rainfall scenarios including a 10-year return period rainfall event and climate-change rainfall scenarios, as well as under current land-use conditions and urban planning scenarios. Based on the runoff-simulation results, the study further conducts additional simulations for pluvial-flood mitigation and adaptation resilience planning scenarios within metropolitan planning areas under climate-change rainfall conditions. By comparing and analyzing the impacts across these scenarios, the study derives the following key findings.
1.The incremental analysis of climate-change torrential rainfall indicates that rainfall in both Taoyuan City and Taichung City increases markedly under climate-change scenarios, with the maximum increase exceeding 50.8%. Model simulations further show that areas prone to inundation under current conditions will experience greater inundation extent and depth in future climate-change scenarios. The impacts are especially significant in urban development core areas （e.g., Zhongli District, Taoyuan City） and emerging development areas （e.g., Pingzhen and Dayuan Districts, Taoyuan City）, indicating that climate change intensifies flood risk within urban planning areas.
2.Potential sites for flood-mitigation measures were identified in both cities.
(1)In Taoyuan City, pond lands account for a relatively high proportion of potential sites, reflecting its well-known reputation as the “Land of a Thousand Ponds.” Under the climate-change rainfall scenario, Taoyuan City has 3,062.45 ha of potential sites; however, simulations show that many ponds are located farther from inundation hotspots, resulting in limited flood-reduction effectiveness. It is therefore recommended to negotiate and integrate lands within inundation areas, and to connect park lands with short- and medium-distance flood-detention ponds to form a blue-green network, thereby maximizing overall flood-mitigation benefits in Taoyuan City.
(2)In Taichung City, undeveloped Public Land of Agricultural development zones Type 2 （Agri-2 Public Land） constitutes the largest share of potential sites （34%）, followed by Public Land of Urban-rural development zones Type 1 （Urban-1 Agricultural Public Land）, accounting for 26%. The total area of potential sites for flood-mitigation measures reaches 3,427.23 ha.
3.Recommendations for utilizing potential sites include:
(1)It is recommended to integrate and reserve key land resources within inundation-potential areas—such as undeveloped Agri-2 Public Land, Urban-1 Agricultural Public Land, Agri-5 Agricultural Public Land, Urban-1 park and greenery areas, pond lands, and undeveloped land of Taiwan Sugar Corporation—during future development processes. These lands should be designated as reserved sites for detention on-site facilities and Green Infrastructure.
(2)In basins or administrative districts where potential sites are scarce or unavailable within inundation areas, land-use planning should prioritize avoiding further expansion and development to prevent worsening flooding. Where development is unavoidable, surrounding potential sites should be systematically integrated into a coordinated flood-mitigation plan. Existing artificial drainage systems with concrete lining should be gradually upgraded toward resilient and eco-friendly drainage through measures such as permeable channel substrates, vegetated revetments, gentler channel slopes, and converting side ditches into small-scale detention spaces. For large-block urban forms, water conservation strategies can be applied to reduce runoff, while built-up areas should strengthen non-structural adaptation measures such as disaster-preparedness communities, emergency response plans, and hazard maps.
4.In addition to refining the functional modules of the flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform, scenario-based functionalities were initiated this year. Editing tools for rainfall and tidal conditions have already been completed, allowing land-use planners to customize historical rainfall conditions. Once the elevation-editing and land-use-editing modules are completed in the next phase, full online analytical operations will be enabled.
Major suggestions
This year, the study completed the second phase of the Pluvial Flood Mitigation and Resilience Planning for Metropolitan Regional Plans in Taiwan. Based on the research results, the following short-term and mid- to long-term recommendations are proposed:
1.Study on Integrated Urban Flood Adaptation Strategies under Climate Change
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior （short-term strategy）
Over the past two years, the study has progressively advanced the Pluvial Flood Mitigation and Resilience Planning for Metropolitan Regional Plans in Taiwan, beginning with Tainan City and Kaohsiung City in Phase I, followed by Taoyuan City and Taichung City in Phase II.In the coming years, the research will extend to Taipei City and New Taipei City, gradually completing a comprehensive national assessment.
It is recommended that future studies continue to apply the methodological approach adopted in this research—selecting single municipal jurisdictions that span multiple watersheds as case areas and using hydraulic analysis techniques to simulate and evaluate flood hazards under various spatial-planning scenarios within built environments. This approach facilitates the development of a nationwide framework for pluvial flood adaptation, enabling consistent assessment of flood risks and adaptation strategies across different metropolitan regions.
From the perspective of hydraulic analysis, the resulting insights can serve as technical guidance for integrating climate-change adaptation measures into the periodic comprehensive reviews of local-level national spatial plans. The analytical outcomes generated through this study can further support government agencies in formulating and implementing metropolitan regional plans as well as municipality or county （city） spatial plans, ensuring that land-use decisions are better aligned with pluvial flood risks and long-term climate resilience objectives.
2.Ongoing Maintenance and Management of the Flood-Mitigation Resilience Cloud Platform
For Urban and Rural Development Branch, National Land Management Agency Ministry of the Interior （mid-term strategy）
Through years of research, the application of hydraulic analysis techniques for flood mitigation in spatial planning has become increasingly mature. Building on this foundation, the study has established the initial version of the flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform, along with computational cell datasets for Tainan City, Kaohsiung City, Taoyuan City, and Taichung City. The purpose of developing this platform is to assist land-use planners in evaluating areas affected by inundation under climate-change and future land-use scenarios, assessing the appropriateness of future land-use planning in response to flooding, and supporting local governments in evaluating Spatial Plan alternatives under climate-change conditions.
Maintaining updated spatial datasets is essential for improving model accuracy and developing appropriate land-use scenarios. Therefore, the platform requires regular maintenance and periodic data updates. Moreover, the platform differs from conventional GIS visualization systems, as it focuses primarily on simulating and presenting hydraulic computation results for flood-mitigation analysis. As such, professional personnel are needed for maintenance. It is recommended that the long-term maintenance and management of the flood-mitigation resilience cloud platform be handled by government agencies responsible for integrated spatial data management.
3.Enhancing the Completeness of Hydraulic Simulation by Incorporating Dynamic Land-Use–Runoff Relationships
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior （mid-term strategy）
It is recommended that future applications of the hydraulic simulation framework developed in this study incorporate additional scenarios that adjust the Curve Number （CN） values assigned to computational cells. This would make it possible to examine the dynamic relationship between land use and CN values, thereby improving the accuracy of assessing runoff and pluvial flooding potential. At the same time, future analyses should account for the differences between natural boundaries （watershed extents） and human-defined administrative boundaries （administrative districts）, ensuring that flood-resilience strategies for upstream, midstream, and downstream areas are evaluated in a more comprehensive and integrated approach.
4.Recommending the Use of Hydraulic Simulation Techniques as Reference in the Planning of Major Projects
For Governments of special municipalities and counties （cities）; Water Resources Planning Branch, Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs （mid to long-term strategy）
It is recommended that the hydraulic simulation framework developed in this study be adopted by government agencies as a technical reference when formulating major development plans, particularly for evaluating pluvial flooding potential within project areas and proposing corresponding flood-mitigation strategies. Governments of special municipalities and counties （cities）, for example, may refer to the inundation-simulation results of this study during the periodic comprehensive review of national spatial plans or periodic comprehensive review of urban plans to develop appropriate supporting measures and spatial responses.
Similarly, the Water Resources Planning Branch, Water Resources Agency may apply the inundation-simulation outputs in the preparation of the basin-specific regional plans, using the results to guide appropriate allocation of land-use planning across upstream, midstream, and downstream areas within the basin.
", "相關檔案": "1150202台灣都會區域計畫之內水減洪韌性規劃(二)_成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336845/69698376-024d-49cd-a386-00bf4e9da128.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339145", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 18 Jun 2026 09:35:00 GMT", "title": "高齡者居住社區的社會經濟狀況與都市設施可及性對健康風險的影響", "計畫主持人": "朱慶倫", "協同主持人": "孫振義", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-25", "執行行程(結束)": "2026-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "綜合規劃組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "高齡者、社會經濟條件、都市設施、健康風險", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著全球人口老齡化，如何為高齡者提供更友善的居住環境，並減少其健康風險，成為都市規劃與公共政策的重要課題。本研究目的在於透過大數據分析技術，探討高齡者的社會經濟背景及居住社區內都市設施的可及性對其健康風險的影響。為進行大數據分析，本研究將彙整內政大數據及相關統計資料庫，並選擇符合「居住於城市中」、「高齡者（年齡65歲及以上）」的家庭作為研究對象，並提取家庭成員統計數據，就收入、婚姻狀況、學歷等背景資料進行分析，最終依據數據成果研討各項因子對於健康風險的影響。
具體而言，研究對象為居住在都市中（例如以雙北市為例）的高齡者（年齡65歲及以上）的家庭，研究流程係將樣本從已蒐集的家戶成員數據中篩選出來，並透過內政大數據篩取家庭收入、婚姻狀況、學歷等背景資料，作為分析基礎數據。研究變數的自變數（影響因子），包括社會經濟狀況（例如家戶成員收入、婚姻狀況、離婚狀況、學歷、弱勢身分）、都市設施可及性（例如距離家戶的都市醫療院所分佈、運動休閒場所分佈、公園綠地分佈、公共交通、市場分佈）、居住環境密度（都市建築密度）。依變數（結果因子）包括健康風險指標（例如根據家戶用電量與用水量間接衡量高齡者的健康風險，較低的用電量或用水量可能暗示高齡者的活動減少或健康狀況下降）。
通過大數據分析，揭示高齡者社會經濟狀況與都市設施（醫療、運動、休閒、市場等）可及性對健康風險的複雜關係。透過這些分析結果，將作為政府有關單位參考，以更精確地調整公共設施的分佈與配置，從而提升高齡者的生活品質，降低高齡者的健康風險。
二、研究方法
（一）文獻分析法
本研究採用文獻分析法，系統性蒐集政府公報、白皮書、法規與學術文獻，聚焦醫療照護、長期照護、無障礙設計與住宅安全等議題，以掌握高齡者居住環境的政策背景與制度演變。透過內容分析與脈絡詮釋，提煉具政策意涵的核心概念，作為後續研究假設與指標設計的理論基礎。此方法有助於整合政策工具與學術知識，辨識現行制度支持與資源配置的落差，並分析政策落實的可及性與成效。最終將形成針對高齡住宅環境議題的分析架構，為量化研究與政策建議提供基礎支撐。
（二）定量研究法
本研究透過定量方法，檢驗高齡者社經條件與環境資源可及性對健康風險的影響。研究假設涵蓋個人社會經濟資料與相關資源分布等多項參數，健康風險則預計以高齡者行動能力、身心障礙人數比例及身心障礙等級作為間接衡量指標。社經資料來源主要來自於內政部大數據中心之去識別化統計資料，環境參數則以GIS地理資訊系統分析住宅與醫療、長照、綠地、交通等設施的點、線、面狀分布，將資料轉換為空間資訊納入統計分析。為提升結果精確性，將爭取納入臨床或照護相關資料，如醫療利用頻率、長照申請紀錄、ADL/IADL分數與死亡或重症通報等，反映健康狀態與服務需求。若無法取得，將使用替代性指標，進行敏感性分析，最後製成健康風險分布圖，將研究成果的視覺化呈現。
（三）焦點團體法
本研究擬於完成初步量化分析後，辦理焦點團體訪問(專家座談會)，作為補充與驗證分析結果的重要質性工具。專家座談擬邀請產官學研各界代表，包括政策制定者、建築與照護專家、實務工作者等，討論居住環境與健康風險的關聯性、指標解釋與政策挑戰。會議將由研究團隊主持，依據半結構式綱要進行討論，主題包括量化結果詮釋、現行制度適切性、未反映之風險因子與可行政策建議。全程錄音並轉寫，後續進行主題分析，強化研究的實務連結與應用價值。
三、重要發現
(一)高齡者健康風險的形成並非單一問題，包含社會環境(經濟條件、教育及社交)及個人習慣層面
本研究採用內政統計資料之分析結果，社會經濟條件、設施可及性(共九項設施)與高齡者行動能力、身障比例為中低度相關，正負相關情形與符合預期，顯示都市設施可及性與社會經濟條件是影響因子之一，但非唯一或主要因素，高齡者健康程度係由多重社會環境及個人因素交織而得。
(二)各國多依據自身環境與社會條件，提出高齡者健康發展相關指標
為促進高齡者健康發展，各地政府或組織團體分別提出發展指標，其中呼應影響高齡者健康風險之結論，社會經濟、環境兩大項皆為國內外檢視的重點，包含環境汙染、生活便利性(大眾運輸)、步行空間或自行車空間，皆屬兩大項範疇之細項，未來政府為降低高齡者健康風險，對於前開項目應增加關注，並適時適區投入政策資源。
(三)社會經濟狀況、都市設施可及性與高齡者行動能力、是否為身心障礙互為因果關係
社會經濟狀況、都市設施可及性與高齡者行動能力、是否為身心障礙互為因果關係。以教育程度與收入情形為例，推測教育程度或收入較低者，因未能吸收或採行健康生活習慣或尋求適當醫療服務，致使行動能力加速退化；然而亦有部分高齡者為先天性行動不便者，在升學及就業上面臨較多困難，且不論都市或鄉村地區，皆面臨此課題，顯示各項影響高齡者健康之因子，不僅相互交織影響高齡者健康，更可能與健康互為因果關係。
(四)從空間角度，高齡者居住社區在都會帶、都會邊緣市鎮與鄉村分別面臨不同課題
都會帶或都市核心區域具有都市設施服務可及性之顯著優勢，教育程度、收入普遍較高，但亦伴隨著較多人口聚居之情境，由於設施並非可到達即可，尚須能夠實際滿足高齡者需求，在高齡人口比例不斷上升下，服務提供單位能否有足夠服務量能，是都市社區類型之主要課題。此外，部分都市核心區域，由於未隨都市發展進步，出現老舊窳陋、地區經濟條件下降情境，對於當地高齡者亦將產生健康風險。
都市邊緣區域多為新興發展區域，如新北市、桃園市、臺中市屯區、臺南市中西區之周邊行政區、高雄市鼓山區、鳳山區等，因吸引較多年輕人口移入，故高齡者比例皆較原市區核心低，是目前健康風險相對較小之區域。但隨著未來移入者逐漸老化，其目前設施服務可及性若無法跟上，風險將隨之上升。
至於鄉村方面，如花東及雲嘉地區，高齡者人數雖少，但高齡者比例較都市來得高，且老老照顧或獨居之比例多在中位數之上，在當地缺乏年輕輩照護，且固定設施服務便利性不如都市下，高齡者生活所需之服務將難以滿足，面臨「極限村落」議題。
(五)依據計算公式呈現各行政區域風險係數圖
本研究參考國家災害防救科技中心之災害風險計算方式，分別以鄉鎮尺度與二級發布區尺度，計算高齡者健康風險係數，並以圖面呈現數據差異。其中，高齡者健康風險來源多元，包含高齡者人口數、人口比例、收入、教育程度、居住情形、設施可及性等，針對風險圖顯示風險係數較高之區位，建議分別檢視其相對較高之參數，並分別評估策略。
地理資訊系統可清楚呈現各地區之人口數據、社會經濟條件、設施可及性等，並快速比對風險係數，使有關公私部門可鎖定風險較高之地區投入資源或預先準備。惟大數據與空間分析僅能呈現數據成果，無法針對特定高齡者個案進行瞭解、研究，其中數據相同並不表示其課題之核心原因相同，故於鎖定風險區位後，仍應前往當地進行瞭解，使資源投入或公共設施(都市計畫)規劃配置之效益能夠事半功倍。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
賡續宣導通用(無障礙)建築設計：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：地方政府建築管理單位
建議賡續鼓勵建築物採用通用(無障礙)設計或提供輔具，並適時宣導最新設計或設備方案。另針對新建公有建築物，建議參考高齡者熱區人數與比例，以提供足夠的高齡友善空間或服務量能，如社會住宅提供一定比例供高齡身障者、高齡低收入者居住。
建議二
賡續宣導既有建築物通用(無障礙)設計改善與補助或優惠：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：地方政府建築管理單位
為提升高齡者外出意願，建議加強政令宣導，鼓勵民眾利用高齡者補助或優惠資源，於既有建築物新增通用(無障礙)設施設備，使民眾能順利外出從事戶外活動，以延緩高齡者行動能力退化，並增進智能刺激以延緩失智症。
建議三
逐年編列預算改善市區道路之人行道環境：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署
協辦機關：地方政府工務及建築管理相關局處
建議賡續編列預算改善市區道路之人行空間整平、通用(無障礙)設計、排除私人占用行為，並在符合安全條件下，配置座椅、公廁，以利高齡者外出獲取所需生活服務。
建議四
建議循既有機制，多元化公共設施服務提供方式：立即可行建議
主辦機關：行政院公共工程委員會
協辦機關：地方政府財政單位
建議可整合既有建築物空間，在安全、衛生為前提下，以多目標方式，多元化提供公共服務，包含由各部會評估是否得將高齡者醫療、長照、運動、藝文活動等空間場域相互結合。此外，得以Community-Oriented Development(社區導向發展)為理念，整合社區既有空間，依據社區在地課題與需求，分別提供服務，如少子化後之小學閒置空間可複合使用，提供高齡者所需生活服務。
考量各項都市設施皆有設置門檻規模，如服務人數不足將使設施無法有效營運，因此高齡者居住之冷區(鄉村地區)，建議非設置硬體設施，而是提供替代性服務方案(如需求反應式交通、醫療巡迴專車)，以滿足高齡者生活需求。
建議五
建議針對社會經濟條件較差區位，強化保健宣導：立即可行建議
主辦機關：衛生福利部
協辦機關：地方政府衛生單位
為降低城鄉社會經濟條件對於高齡者健康之影響，針對偏鄉地區，可結合在地宮廟或社區主要活動場域，配合當地活動時期宣導有關保健知識，以提升高齡者醫療觀念，進而使高齡者能夠進行防範與及時就醫，避免疾病造成長期性的健康負面影響。
", "英文摘要": "1.Background
With global population aging accelerating, providing age-friendly living environments and reducing health risks for older adults has become a pressing issue in urban planning and public policy. This study aims to examine how socioeconomic background and access to urban amenities within residential communities influence the health risks of older adults, through the application of big data analytics. The study will integrate government open data and statistical databases, focusing on households with members aged 65 and over living in urban areas. Key variables such as income, marital status, and educational attainment will be extracted to analyze their impact on health outcomes.
The research targets urban households composed of elderly individuals—using, for instance, the Greater Taipei Area as a representative case. Sample selection will be based on household registry data, while socioeconomic indicators are derived from internal government databases. Independent variables include household income, marital/divorce status, education level, and vulnerable group status. Accessibility to urban facilities (e.g., proximity to healthcare institutions, parks, leisure facilities, markets, and public transit), as well as residential density, are also factored in. The dependent variable—health risk—is indirectly measured using household electricity and water consumption, with lower usage possibly indicating reduced physical activity or deteriorating health status.
Through regression analysis of these big data indicators, the study seeks to reveal the complex relationship between health risks and both socioeconomic status and spatial accessibility to key services. The findings are expected to inform government decision-making in optimizing the allocation and spatial planning of public infrastructure, thereby improving quality of life and reducing health risks for older adults.
2.Research Methods
(1) Documentary Analysis
This study adopts documentary analysis to explore the policy background and institutional evolution of elderly housing environments. Key documents such as government gazettes, white papers, laws, and academic literature will be systematically reviewed, with emphasis on topics like healthcare, long-term care, universal design, and housing safety. Through content and contextual analysis, policy-relevant concepts will be extracted to construct a theoretical foundation for hypothesis development and indicator design.
This method facilitates integration of policy tools and academic insights, identifies gaps in resource allocation and institutional support, and assesses the effectiveness of policy implementation. The results will help establish an analytical framework that underpins subsequent quantitative analysis and evidence-based policy recommendations.
(2) Quantitative Analysis
The study uses quantitative methods to examine how the socioeconomic conditions of older adults and the spatial accessibility of urban facilities influence health risk. Hypotheses are based on multiple variables, with household electricity and water usage serving as proxy indicators of health status. Socioeconomic data is drawn from the Ministry of the Interior’s big data system, while environmental statistical parameter are derived via GIS-based spatial analysis of the distribution and proximity of facilities such as hospitals, long-term care institutions, parks, public transit, and markets. These statistical parameter are converted into spatial indicators for spatial autocorrelation analysis.
To enhance accuracy, the study will seek access to clinical or care-related datasets, including frequency of medical visits, long-term care service applications, ADL/IADL scores, and mortality or critical illness reports. Where such data is unavailable, alternative indicators will be used, supported by sensitivity analysis. A health risk map will be developed to visualize spatial disparities in health risks among older adults.
(3) Focus Group Method
To complement and validate the findings from quantitative analysis, the study will conduct focus group interviews with experts from government, academia, industry, and frontline care sectors. These discussions will explore the relationship between housing environments and elderly health risks, interpretation of indicators, and challenges in policy implementation.
Moderated by the research team using a semi-structured guide, discussions will focus on the interpretation of quantitative results, appropriateness of current systems, unaddressed risk factors, and practical policy recommendations. All sessions will be recorded and transcribed, followed by thematic analysis. This qualitative component strengthens the practical relevance of the research and supports the formulation of actionable, evidence-based policies.
3.Major Outcomes
(1)Health risks among older adults do not stem from a single factor but arise from both social-environmental and individual dimensions
Based on analyses of statistical data from the Ministry of the Interior, socioeconomic conditions and accessibility to facilities (nine categories) show low to moderate correlations with the mobility and disability rates of older adults. The positive and negative correlations align with expectations, indicating that urban facility accessibility and socioeconomic conditions are among the influencing factors, but not the only or primary ones. The health status of older adults is shaped by an interplay of multiple social, environmental, and personal factors.
(2)Countries establish indicators for healthy aging based on their own environmental and social conditions
To promote healthy aging, governments and organizations around the world have developed various indicators. Consistent with the findings on factors affecting health risks among older adults, socioeconomic and environmental aspects are major areas of assessment domestically and internationally. These include environmental pollution, convenience of daily living (public transportation), walkability, and bicycle infrastructure—all of which fall under these two domains. To reduce health risks for older adults, governments should increase attention to such factors and invest resources appropriately across different regions.
(3)Socioeconomic status, urban facility accessibility, mobility, and disability status among older adults exhibit bidirectional causal relationships
Socioeconomic status and accessibility to urban facilities have bidirectional causal relationships with mobility and disability status among older adults. For example, older adults with lower educational attainment or income may lack access to information, healthy lifestyle habits, or appropriate medical care, accelerating mobility decline. Conversely, some older adults are born with mobility impairments, facing greater challenges in education and employment regardless of urban or rural context. This indicates that factors influencing older adults’ health not only interact but may also form reciprocal causal relationships with health outcomes.
(4) From a spatial perspective, communities in metropolitan cores, urban fringes, and rural areas face different challenges
Metropolitan cores have significant advantages in facility accessibility, with residents generally having higher education and income levels. However, dense populations place greater demands on services, meaning that accessibility alone is insufficient—facilities must adequately meet the needs of a growing older population. In addition, some urban centers have deteriorated over time, with aging buildings and declining local economic conditions, creating additional health risks for older residents.
Urban fringe areas—such as parts of New Taipei, Taoyuan, Taichung’s Tuen District, peripheral districts of Tainan’s West Central area, and Kaohsiung’s Gushan and Fengshan districts—often attract younger populations, resulting in lower proportions of older adults and relatively lower current health risks. However, as residents age, insufficient facility accessibility may eventually increase risks.
In rural areas such as Hualien–Taitung and Yunlin–Chiayi regions, the number of older adults is smaller, but the proportion is higher. Higher rates of “elderly caring for the elderly” and solitary living, limited availability of younger caregivers, and lower accessibility to facilities contribute to unmet needs for daily services among older adults, raising concern over the issue of “extreme aging villages.”
(5) Risk maps of administrative areas based on the calculated risk coefficients
Drawing on the National Science and Technology Center for Disaster Reduction’s methodology for risk assessment, this study calculates health risk coefficients for older adults at township and second-level district scales and visualizes results through maps. Sources of health risks include population size, proportion of older adults, income, education levels, living arrangements, and facility accessibility. For areas with higher risk coefficients, each contributing factor should be examined to formulate targeted strategies.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) clearly present population structures, socioeconomic conditions, facility accessibility, and risk coefficients, enabling public and private sectors to identify high-risk areas and allocate resources accordingly. However, big-data spatial analyses only reveal aggregated patterns—they cannot capture the underlying issues of individual older adults. Identical data values do not necessarily reflect identical challenges. Therefore, after identifying high-risk locations, field investigations remain essential to ensure that resource allocation and public facility planning yield effective outcomes.
4.Suggestioms
Suggestioms 1：Continue promoting universal (barrier-free) building design：Short-term / immediately actionable
Host Agencies：Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
Co-host Agencies：Local government building authorities
Encourage the adoption of universal (barrier-free) design and assistive devices in buildings, accompanied by timely dissemination of updated design guidelines or equipment. For new public buildings, refer to the number and proportion of older adults in high-concentration areas to provide adequate age-friendly spaces and service capacity—for example, reserving a proportion of units in social housing for older adults with disabilities or low-income status.
Suggestioms 2：Continue promoting improvements and subsidies for universal (barrier-free) design in existing buildings：Short-term / immediately actionable
Host Agencies： Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
Co-host Agencies：Local government building authorities
To encourage outdoor activities among older adults, strengthen public awareness of existing subsidies and incentives for adding universal-design facilities to existing buildings. Such improvements can help older adults go out more easily, delay mobility decline, and increase cognitive stimulation to reduce the risk of dementia.
Suggestioms 3：Allocate budgets annually to improve pedestrian environments in urban areas：Medium- to long-term
Host Agencies：National Land Management Agency, MOI
Co-host Agencies：Local public works and building management departments
Continue allocating budgets to improve sidewalks through surface levelling, universal design, and removal of private encroachments. Where safe and appropriate, provide seating and public restrooms to facilitate older adults’ access to daily services.
Suggestioms 4：Diversify public facility service models through existing mechanisms：Short-term / immediately actionable
Host Agencies： Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan
Co-host Agencies：Local government finance departments
Integrate existing building spaces to provide multi-purpose public services, ensuring safety and hygiene. Government ministries may consider combining medical, long-term care, sports, and cultural activity spaces for older adults. Additionally, apply Community-Oriented Development principles to integrate community spaces and tailor services based on local needs—for example, repurposing underutilized school spaces in low-birth-rate areas to provide services needed by older adults.
In rural “cold spots” where populations are insufficient to meet facility operation thresholds, it is recommended to provide alternative service models instead of constructing physical facilities—such as demand-responsive transport or mobile medical units.
Suggestioms 5：Strengthen health-promotion outreach in areas with weaker socioeconomic conditions：Short-term / immediately actionable
Host Agencies：Ministry of Health and Welfare
Co-host Agencies：Local health departments
To reduce the impact of socioeconomic disparities on older adults’ health, especially in rural areas, collaborate with local temples and community venues to promote health knowledge during community events. This can enhance medical awareness among older adults, enabling preventive care and timely treatment to avoid long-term negative health consequences.
", "相關檔案": "高齡者案資料蒐集分析報告書11411(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339145/4900f0ef-3a88-40bb-9c17-19bc6320c6df.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339789", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 24 Jul 2026 09:09:00 GMT", "title": "建築能效制度整合綠色金融之研究", "計畫主持人": "王榮進", "協同主持人": "孫振義", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "綠建築標章、建築能效標示、綠色金融、永續發展、財務誘因、綠建築政策", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著各國政府致力於達成淨零碳排的目標，綠建築標章及建築能源效率標示政策逐漸成為減少建築業碳排放的重要手段。這些政策背後的理論基礎源自於永續發展與應對氣候變遷的策略。建築物不僅是能源消耗的主要來源，也是溫室氣體排放的主要貢獻者之一。推動建築能源效率的提升以及綠建築的發展，成為各國減緩氣候變遷與達成淨零碳目標的重要策略。
金融機構在綠建築及能源效率建築融資方面扮演著關鍵角色。透過提供優惠的融資條件，可以進一步鼓勵企業及開發商選擇符合環保要求的建築方案。許多國家也透過政策激勵金融機構參與這一過程，包括稅收減免、風險分擔機制等。本研究在探討如何透過政策及金融機構的合作，推動綠建築及能源效率建築的發展，並提升金融機構對此類項目的融資意願。
二、研究方法及過程
(一)文獻分析法
本研究將釐清國內外各國金融機構如何提供「綠建築標章」與「建築能效標示」建築物優惠融資條件，並比較其成功案例與實施狀況。
文獻分析的範圍涵蓋：1國內外綠色金融政策發展脈絡與理論基礎；2建築能效評估制度與綠建築標章認證機制；3金融機構綠色融資商品設計與優惠條件。此過程不僅有助於理解歷史背景、發展脈絡及關鍵理論，也能辨識出學術與實務上的理論空白，為後續專家訪談與問卷調查提供堅實的理論依據與政策參考。
(二)專家訪談法
訪談的目標在於釐清「建築能效制度與綠色金融整合」過程中可能遇到的挑戰，並探討政策設計的適切性、金融機構的實務運作，以及建築業界、代銷業者（購屋者）對此機制的回應。訪談過程將採用半結構化訪談方式，在自然環境下進行雙向互動，並透過敏銳的觀察能力收集語文與非語文訊息，以確保研究品質與結果的可靠性。
(三)專家問卷法
專家問卷法透過設計結構化問卷，系統性地蒐集金融界與產業界專家對「建築能效制度整合綠色金融」相關議題的看法，並對各影響因素進行量化評估，以作為政策調整與金融產品設計的參考依據。此方法具有匿名性、反覆循環問卷、專家小組提供意見等特性，能夠避免群體互動產生的干擾，維持研究結果的公信力。
問卷擬定以下三個主要問題方向：1優惠融資條件享有判準之設計；2階段性激勵機制之設計；3綠色金融商品從企業延伸至消費者之可能性。問卷內容與題項將根據後續專家訪談及初步測試結果進一步修訂與完善。藉由收集專家對上述問題的評價與建議，期望能為後續研究建立一個合理且具參考價值的評估架構，以輔助政策制定。
(四)專家座談法
座談會將針對專家問卷的結果與初步結論進行討論，並共同研擬提升金融業（尤其是銀行業）給予符合「綠建築標章」與「建築能效標示」建築物優惠融資條件的政策建議。此外，座談會也期望能進一步討論優惠融資條件如何延伸至綠色貸款等實際綠色金融商品的構建，以促使市場與政策的有效對接。
為進一步了解各方需求並補充相關資料，計劃邀請以下幾個領域的專家參與座談會，具體安排如下：1金融銀行端座談會：邀請銀行業者、金融監管機關代表，探討綠色融資商品設計與風險管控機制；2建設公司座談會：邀請建築開發業者及相關產業代表，了解綠建築標章申請與建築能效提升的實務挑戰；3學者專家座談會：邀請學術界專家及跨領域學者代表，探討綠色金融與永續建築標章整合之政策建議修訂與優化方向。
三、重要發現
本研究透過多面向方法整合，顯示臺灣建築能效制度與綠色金融的結合已建立初步基礎，並具發展潛力，惟需持續優化認知與執行層面以強化整體效能。綠建築標章因長期政策累積而獲得較高認同與應用，建築能效標示則處於推廣初期階段，兩者發展差異反映出市場參與的階段性特徵。建設公司重視成本效益與政策誘因，金融機構注重風險控管與資料透明，學者專家則強調跨領域協調，三方觀點互補有助於形塑平衡的整合策略。效期管理宜採彈性認定方式，輔以既有建築再融資評估，以擴大淨零涵蓋範圍；既有建築改造融資需求值得關注，可透過集體機制與重點補助推進轉型；國際經驗借鑑強調標準化評估與誘因設計的結合，臺灣可參考針對住宅與中小建商制定包容方案。整體而言，統一標章標準、建置數位平台、強化財稅與融資誘因、推動跨部會協作及提升市場認知，將有助於促進永續建築與綠色金融的協同發展，逐步實現淨零建築願景。
", "英文摘要": "I.Research Background
As governments around the world strive to achieve net-zero carbon emissions, green building labeling and building energy efficiency certification policies have become key strategies for reducing carbon emissions in the construction sector. These policies are grounded in the broader framework of sustainable development and climate change mitigation. Buildings are not only major sources of energy consumption but also significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, improving building energy efficiency and promoting green building development are essential strategies for achieving net-zero emission goals.
Financial institutions play a crucial role in facilitating financing for green and energy-efficient buildings. By offering preferential lending conditions, they can encourage developers and enterprises to adopt environmentally responsible building practices. Many countries have introduced policy instruments—such as tax incentives and risk-sharing mechanisms—to promote the participation of financial institutions in this process. This study therefore aims to explore how collaboration between public policies and financial institutions can promote the development of green and energy-efficient buildings, while enhancing the willingness of banks and financial actors to finance such projects.
II.Research Methods and Process
(1)Literature Review
This study investigates how domestic and international financial institutions provide preferential financing conditions for buildings certified with Green Building Labels and Building Energy Efficiency Labels. Comparative analysis is conducted on successful cases and policy implementations across countries.
The literature review covers: (1) the development context and theoretical foundation of green finance policies; (2) building energy performance assessment systems and green building certification mechanisms; and (3) the design and preferential conditions of green financing products offered by financial institutions.
This analysis clarifies the historical evolution, theoretical underpinnings, and practical gaps in both academia and policy practice—forming a solid foundation for subsequent expert interviews and survey design.
(2)In-depth Interview
The expert interviews aim to identify challenges encountered in integrating building energy performance systems with green finance mechanisms, and to examine the suitability of policy design, practical operations of financial institutions, and responses from developers, real estate agents, and buyers.
A semi-structured interview format is adopted to enable two-way interaction in a natural setting. Both verbal and non-verbal information are collected
to ensure the reliability and validity of the research results.
(3)Expert Questionnaire Method
A structured expert questionnaire is used to systematically collect opinions from professionals in finance and the construction industry regarding issues related to the integration of building energy performance systems with green finance. The method quantitatively evaluates influencing factors and serves as a reference for future policy adjustments and green product design.
The questionnaire design follows the characteristics of anonymity, iterative feedback, and expert consensus—avoiding bias caused by group
dynamics and enhancing research credibility.
Preliminary questionnaire themes include: (1) design of eligibility criteria for preferential financing, (2) formulation of phased incentive mechanisms, and (3) potential expansion of green finance products from corporate to consumer markets. The questionnaire will be refined based on pilot testing and expert feedback to establish a robust evaluative framework for policy recommendation.
(4)Expert Panel Discussion Method
The panel discussions will focus on the results and preliminary conclusions of expert questionnaires and jointly develop policy recommendations for enhancing the financial industry's (especially the banking sector's) provision of preferential financing conditions for buildings that meet "green building certification" and "building energy efficiency labels." Additionally, the panel discussions are expected to further discuss how preferential financing conditions can be extended to the construction of actual green financial products such as green loans, promoting effective alignment between market and policy.
To further understand the needs of all parties and supplement relevant data, the plan proposes inviting experts from the following fields to participate in panel discussions, with specific arrangements as follows: (1) Financial banking sector panel discussion: inviting banking industry representatives and financial regulatory agency representatives to explore green financing product design and risk management mechanisms; (2) Construction company panel discussion: inviting building developers, architects, and related industry representatives to understand practical challenges in green building certification applications and building energy efficiency improvements; (3) Academic Expert Panel: Invite academic and cross-disciplinary experts to discuss revisions and optimization directions for policy recommendations regarding the integration of green finance and sustainable building certification.
III.Key Findings
Through the integration of multiple approaches, this study indicates that the integration of building energy efficiency systems and green finance in Taiwan has established a preliminary foundation and has development potential, but requires continued improvement in awareness and implementation to strengthen overall effectiveness. The Green Building Label has achieved higher recognition and application due to long-term policy accumulation, while the Building Energy Efficiency Label is still in the early promotional stage; this difference reflects phase-related characteristics of market participation. Developers emphasize cost-effectiveness and policy incentives, financial institutions focus on risk control and data transparency, and academic experts stress cross-disciplinary coordination; these three perspectives are complementary and help shape a balanced integration strategy. The management of validity periods (or certification validity) should adopt a flexible recognition approach and be supplemented by refinancing assessments for existing buildings to expand net-zero coverage; financing demands for retrofitting existing buildings merit attention and can be advanced through collective mechanisms and targeted subsidies. International experiences emphasize the combination of standardized assessment and incentive design; Taiwan may consider inclusive measures targeted at residential projects and small-to-medium developers. Overall, unifying labeling standards, building digital platforms, strengthening fiscal and financing incentives, promoting inter-ministerial collaboration, and enhancing market awareness will help foster the synergistic development of sustainable buildings and green finance and gradually realize the vision of net-zero buildings.
", "相關檔案": "1141029建築能效制度整合綠色金融之研究 期末報告書 v4(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339789/116ef0c8-4d47-47a7-adb8-bba0aaaa5506.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339788", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 24 Jul 2026 08:56:00 GMT", "title": "建築資源零廢棄技術指引研訂之研究", "計畫主持人": "朱慶倫", "協同主持人": "黃榮堯", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "資源零廢棄、循環建築、可逆式設計", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著氣候變遷與資源枯竭問題日益嚴峻，建築產業作為高資源耗用與大量廢棄物產出的領域，其轉型壓力與永續挑戰日益迫切。根據聯合國環境規劃署資料顯示，建築與拆除廢棄物約佔全球總廢棄物量三至四成。對此，我國於「2050淨零排放策略總說明」中明定「資源零廢棄」為十二項關鍵戰略之一，顯示建築資源循環管理已成為我國永續發展的重要政策任務。
本研究係由內政部建築研究所主導，延續110至112年已完成之「建築規劃設計導入循環經濟發展理念之研究」、「建築循環設計構件材料循環度之評估研究」及「可逆式建築設計與應用之初步探討研究」等成果，進一步整合建築生命週期四大階段（設計、施工、運營、拆除）之資源循環技術，研擬一套具系統性、操作性與本土適用性的「建築資源零廢棄技術指引」。
二、研究方法與過程
文獻探討與制度盤點：針對國內外與建築資源零廢棄相關之政策制度、技術指引、建材再利用規範及模組化設計準則等進行系統性文獻蒐集與比較分析，建立理論基礎，並分析國際推動策略之異同與可借鏡之處。
案例分析：收集具代表性之國內外建築資源零廢棄成功案例，分析其技術導入內容、材料使用策略、解構與回收流程、政策支援機制等，歸納實務執行重點與成效指標，作為技術指引撰寫與政策建議擬定之依據。
專家訪談與焦點座談法：邀請具備建築設計、結構工程、營建管理、建材科技與資源循環政策等領域之專家學者，針對技術可行性、現行法規限制與政策落地可能性進行深度訪談與焦點討論，提升研究內容之現場適配性與操作性。
系統化整合與策略規劃：綜整前述各階段成果，依據建築生命週期與資源流向邏輯，建構建築資源零廢棄技術指引草案，並進一步提出包含激勵措施、
法規建議、導入流程與推廣架構之分階段推動計畫。
三、重要發現
本研究以「建築資源零廢棄」為核心理念，整合建築生命週期各階段的資源循環策略，建立具系統性與操作性的《建築資源零廢棄技術指引（草案）》。研究成果顯示，建築資源零廢棄的推動須從「可回收設計」、「可逆式設計」、「模組化施工」、「延壽使用」與「解構拆除」等策略出發，並輔以建材履歷資訊透明化、再利用法規制度化及產業教育推廣等配套措施，以形成跨部門協作的循環推動機制
研究整合國內外制度與實務案例，包含日本上勝町零廢棄中心、英國 Brighton Waste House、荷蘭浮動辦公室、美國 Contra Costa 行政大樓與臺中花博荷蘭館等，歸納出可作為我國技術與政策發展參考的五大特徵：一是建築即材料銀行（Building as Material Bank）的設計思維；二是導入可分解與可逆式施工技術；三是模組化構件標準化；四是再生建材高值化利用；五是資訊化追蹤與驗證機制的建立
此外，研究透過專家座談及制度比對，明確指出現行營建事業廢棄物再利用管理辦法、建築物拆除施工規範及建築拆除施工指引等制度，已可作為零廢棄政策的基礎，惟尚須補強再生建材品質驗證與循環資訊管理系統。中程推動計畫進一步提出，藉由建立示範工程、媒合平台與教育訓練機制，逐步將建築資源零廢棄理念落實於公共工程與市場應用。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
完成「建築資源零廢棄技術指引」並持續深化「建築資源零廢棄技術指引」內容與推廣應用：立即可行建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 財團法人台灣營建研究院
本研究所研擬之「建築資源零廢棄技術指引」已完成主要架構與技術內容，建議後續持續進行內容延伸與實務化作業，作為指引正式化之前置工作。且持續蒐整國內既有工程案例與再生建材應用資料，依不同建築型態補充技術示例，並依現行法規檢討其操作可行性與制度銜接性，以提升指引之適用性與參考價值。同時，同步辦理教育訓練與說明活動，協助建築師、營造業者及地方政府技術人員熟悉指引內容，強化產業界對建築資源零廢棄理念的理解與實務操作能力。藉由持續修訂、驗證與推廣，使本技術指引能從研究成果逐步轉化為可供業界遵循之實務依據，並成為後續政策推動與建築資源管理制度化的重要基礎。
建議二
擴大推動「建築資源零廢棄」技術試點與成本效益分析研究：中長期建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 財團法人台灣營建研究院
為建立具代表性的技術與經濟可行性依據，建議未來擴大辦理建築資源零廢棄技術之試點與成本效益分析研究，選取不同建築類型導入技術指引中所列之措施，包括模組化施工、可回收構件設計、再生建材應用與解構施工法等，並評估實際施工可行性與經濟回收期。透過試點案例的系統性分析，可建立國內建築資源零廢棄成本效益資料庫，掌握各類建築採行循環技術後的成本差異、材料再利用比例，作為政策補助、技術規範修訂及後續驗證制度設計的重要依據。此舉除可深化研究成果外，亦能形成推動建築循環化轉型的長期支撐機制，提升技術成熟度與市場接受度，逐步落實建築資源零廢棄之政策願景。
", "英文摘要": "Topic
With the intensification of climate change and the depletion of natural resources, the construction industry—known for its high material consumption and large waste generation—faces increasing pressure to transition toward sustainability. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), construction and demolition (C&D) waste accounts for 30–40% of total global solid waste. In response, Taiwan’s “2050 Net-Zero Emissions Pathway and Strategy” designates “Zero Waste of Resources” as one of its twelve key strategies, underscoring the importance of circular resource management in the built environment.
Commissioned by the National Building Research Institute (NBRI), this research continues the outcomes of prior projects from 2021–2023, including: the integration of circular economy principles in building design, assessment methods for material circularity in components, and preliminary studies on reversible architecture. The goal is to formulate a comprehensive and practical “Technical Guideline for Zero Waste of Building Resources,” applicable across the four main stages of the building lifecycle: design, construction, operation, and deconstruction.
Key achievements in the midterm phase include: (1) a comparative analysis of global regulatory frameworks and case studies, such as the EU’s Circular Economy Package, Japan’s Kamikatsu Zero Waste Center, the Floating Office Rotterdam, and the TRUE-certified Contra Costa County building in the U.S.; (2) the compilation of a recommended materials list based on Taiwan’s Green Mark system, Green Building Materials Label, and MOEA’s Recycled Product Registry; (3) the development of a preliminary matrix of zero-waste techniques and workflows corresponding to each lifecycle stage, validated through an expert roundtable discussion involving stakeholders from academia, industry, and government.
Findings suggest that achieving zero waste in construction requires coordinated strategies including “design for recyclability,” “modular and prefabricated construction,” “extended service life,” and “planned deconstruction.” These must be supported by transparent material documentation (e.g., material passports), enabling policy frameworks, and sector-specific capacity building. The draft guideline and mid-term roadmap serve as foundational tools to normalize material reuse and reduce life-cycle carbon emissions and waste outputs.
In the next phase, the study will refine the guideline content, develop training modules for industry practitioners, and propose pilot implementation projects along with incentive-based policy suggestions. Ultimately, the finalized technical guideline is expected to become a shared reference across sectors, driving Taiwan’s building industry toward a future of high efficiency, low environmental impact, and regenerative circularity.
Result
1.Completed data collection and analysis of successful cases domestically and internationally for zero-waste construction technology, building material recycling, and modular design.
2.Completed the draft "Zero-Waste Construction Technology Guidelines."
3.Proposed the draft "Zero-Waste Construction Promotion Plan" and policy recommendations.
", "相關檔案": "建築資源零廢棄技術指引研訂之研究-資料蒐集分析報告v4(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339788/e345eb56-d52b-43c5-a461-11882f002886.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339786", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 24 Jul 2026 08:38:00 GMT", "title": "綠建築基地保水設施維護管理指引研訂之研究", "計畫主持人": "欒中丕", "協同主持人": "廖朝軒", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "綠建築、基地保水、維護管理、培訓制度", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "由於都市的持續發展，導致地表不透水面積增加，使得保水與入滲能力下降，進而造成都市水循環失衡、地表逕流量增加、都市熱島效應加劇及生態系統退化等多重環境問題。為改善前述環境的衝擊，國內自1999年推動綠建築標章制度，並將「基地保水指標」列為核心評估項目之一，藉由提升建築基地涵養雨水與促進入滲的能力，達到調節氣候、涵養水源及促進生態永續的目標。2005年內政部國土管理署進一步制定《建築基地保水設計技術規範》，提供設計與施工的技術依據，並針對名詞定義、基地保水指標評估基準、八項保水設施項目、實例計算方式與12項設計注意事項進行補充，協助實務設計人員更有效地應用技術規範。《綠建築評估手冊基本型》亦自2001年起多次精進修編，補充設施設計原則與示意圖，增進規劃設計與審查實務的準確性與一致性。
惟過往的研究調查中發現，多數基地保水設施未能依據基地的實際地文與水文條件進行適切規劃與設計，並缺乏建置後的維護管理指引與制度，導致即使設施在設計階段符合指標計算需求，而其實際運作效益卻不如預期。反觀目前國際發展的趨勢，許多國家已針對基地保水相關設施（如：低衝擊開發設施(Low Impact Development, LID)、綠色基礎設施(Green Infrastructure, GI)…等）建立涵蓋規劃、設計、施工至維護管理各階段的完整技術手冊與操作指引；然而，國內則在此方面整體技術指引與管理架構尚未臻於完善。內政部建築研究所於2024年執行「綠建築基地保水設施技術規劃設計指引之應用與推廣」計畫，系統性整理各類基地保水設施之規劃原則與設計流程，並完成規劃設計指引草案，提供設計與審查單位作為專業依據。然而目前成果主要聚焦於基地保水設施建置前的階段，對於建置後的運維機制尚未建立。為確保設施得以長期穩定運行並發揮涵養雨水及貯集滲透之能力，本年度將聚焦於基地保水設施建置後的維護管理制度建構，研擬符合國內法規與在地環境條件之維護策略與操作準則，促進都市水資源治理及永續發展目標之實現。
二、研究方法及過程
本計畫主要規劃5項研究內容，其工作項目如下：
1.蒐集彙整國內外有關基地保水設施維護管理的相關措施、法令規範、維護管理問題、調查需求及解決策略。
2.彙整國內外基地保水專業人員培訓之相關課程與制度。
3.初擬基地保水設施培訓制度與課程內容之推動方針(草案)。
4.研擬綠建築基地保水設施維護管理指引(草案)。
5.辦理基地保水設施維護管理及專業人員培訓專家諮詢座談會2場次。
本研究計畫旨在研擬基地保水設施維護管理機制之初步架構，作為未來建構完整制度之參考基礎，俾利基地保水設施於建置後維持穩定運作，並有效發揮其應有功能。研究初期將針對現行國內外基地保水相關的維護管理機制與培訓制度進行整合討論與評估，探討目前推動層面所面臨之問題與需求，並諮詢相關領域專家學者研議對策，進而初步建構基地保水設施維護管理專業人員之培訓制度架構與課程內容，以強化維護管理方法與相關技術內容。同時編制基地保水設施維護管理指引(草案)，提供管理單位、使用者及一般民眾作為參考，以提升基地保水設施的規劃設計與維護管理品質，確保其永續運行與效能發揮。
三、重要發現
1.完成國內外基地保水設施維護管理制度與法規之蒐整與分析
本計畫完成國內基地保水設施相關政策、法令、技術規範及管理指引之彙整，並比較不同主管機關所訂定之技術要求與檢核標準，發現現行制度雖已涵蓋設計階段之規範要求，但在設施建置後的維護管理責任劃分、操作紀錄保存與定期查核機制方面仍屬不足。相比國外，本計畫彙整美國、日本、澳洲及歐盟等國家之雨水管理制度及維管手冊，其維護管理制度較具有明確的責任要求、巡檢表格及教育訓練制度之特性，將可作為後續我國制度精進之參考依據。
2.完成國內基地保水設施現行維護管理現況與問題初步分析
本研究完成調查需求之問卷表格制訂，並完成初步現地調查與訪談，針對公寓大廈、社會住宅及一般建築物之保水設施進行調查，結果顯示多數設施雖具備基本功能，但因缺乏例行維護及專責管理人員，常見問題包括：滲透層堵塞、集水口沉積、維護紀錄缺乏等。維管責任多由物業管理公司或清潔廠商兼任，缺乏專業知識與技術指引，易導致設施效能逐年衰減。因此，維護管理及教育訓練制度之建立實屬必要。
3.完成基地保水設施專業培訓課程與制度推動方針之研擬
本研究初步建立基地保水設施專業培訓制度，分三階段：初期以建立課程架構與試行制度為主，由政府與專業學協會合作開辦短期課程並頒發結訓證明；中期推動課程標準化與師資認證，依設計、施工及維運需求開設多層次模組課程，並研議法令配套，規範專業人員須具訓練資格始得執業；長期則建置數位學習與知識管理平台，整合教材、案例與監測資料，並與國際機構合作建立互認機制，以確保制度持續更新與國際接軌。課程區分基礎（3小時）與進階（3.5小時）兩級，採模組化修課與分級認證方式，學員完成各模組可獲結訓證書，完成一路徑則授予「基礎」或「進階」培訓證書，作為制度建構之初步方針。
4.完成基地保水設施規劃設計暨維護管理指引（草案）之研擬
本研究完成基地保水設施規劃設計暨維護管理指引（草案）之編擬，明確界定設施所有權人、管理單位與施工廠商之責任分工，建立管理與執行間之權責架構。針對維護作業流程與紀錄保存方式提出具體規範，訂定檢查週期、操作步驟及異常回報機制，並彙整常見缺失與成因，提出改善原則與操作建議，供管理人員現地維運時依循。指引同時分析不同角色於維護管理過程中所需之專業知識與技能，作為後續教育訓練設計之依據。此草案可作為中央及地方主管機關、建築師與管理單位推動實務操作與政策研擬之參考，並為未來制度化推廣及專業培訓體系建立奠定基礎。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
試辦綠建築基地保水設施規劃設計及維護管理課程：短期可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心、台灣綠色生態設施協會及相關專業學協會
建議先行試辦「綠建築基地保水設施規劃設計及維護管理課程」，以作為後續制度化推廣之前導階段。課程內容可涵蓋基地保水設施之設計原理、施工重點、維護管理流程及法規要求，並納入案例觀摩與操作演練，以提升學員之實務應用能力。試辦課程應同時檢驗教材完整性、授課時數、師資資格及學員反饋，以作為建立正式培訓與認證制度的依據。透過試行機制，可逐步修正課程架構與授課內容，確認制度運作的可行性與實效，並為後續全國推廣奠定基礎。
建議二
推動基地保水設施維護管理制度化與法制配套：中期可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署、地方建管機關
建議未來研議將基地保水設施之維護管理要求與實務人員的技術條件，納入各地方政府的建築自治條例或相關規則，明確訂定建築物使用後的定期檢查、維護紀錄保存等機制；對於具一定規模之案件，並可要求維運人員須完成指定培訓並取得證書後方得執行相關工作。此舉有助於強化保水設施的法定維護責任與專業執行標準。
建議三
建立長期教育平台與國際合作機制：長期可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心、學協會與國際專業認證組織
建議建置基地保水設施維護管理數位學習平台，整合教材、案例資料庫及修課紀錄，形成滾動更新的知識體系，並推動與國際組織合作之教育認證制度，建立課程互認與資格審查機制。此舉不僅可確保專業知識與國際接軌，亦能長期支援我國建築ESG推動及氣候調適政策目標。
", "英文摘要": "1.Purpose of the research
Continuous urban development has led to increased impervious surface areas, resulting in reduced water retention and infiltration capacities. Consequently, issues such as urban water cycle imbalance, increased surface runoff, intensified heat island effects, and ecosystem degradation have emerged. To mitigate these environmental impacts, Taiwan launched the Green Building Label system in 1999, designating the “On-site Rainwater conservation Index” as one of its core assessment items. This initiative aims to enhance the ability of building sites to retain and infiltrate rainwater, thereby contributing to climate regulation, groundwater recharge, and ecological sustainability.
In 2005, the National Land Management Agency of the Ministry of the Interior formulated the Technical Specifications for On-site Rainwater conservation Design, providing technical guidelines for design and construction. The document elaborates on terminology, evaluation criteria for the retention index, eight facility types, sample calculations, and twelve design considerations, thereby assisting practitioners in applying technical requirements more effectively. The Green Building Evaluation Manual (Basic Version) has also undergone several revisions since 2001, supplementing design principles and illustrations to improve planning, design, and review consistency.
However, past studies revealed that most rainwater conservation facilities were not appropriately planned or designed according to local topographic and hydrological conditions and lacked post-construction maintenance and management mechanisms. As a result, facilities that met design-phase performance requirements often failed to achieve expected operational effectiveness. In contrast, many countries have established comprehensive technical manuals and operational guidelines covering all stages—from planning, design, and construction to maintenance and management—for systems such as Low Impact Development (LID) and Green Infrastructure (GI). Yet, Taiwan still lacks a complete technical and management framework in this regard.
In 2024, the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI) of the Ministry of the Interior implemented the project Application and Promotion of Technical Guidelines for On-site Rainwater conservation Facilities in Green Buildings, which systematically organized design principles and processes and completed a draft design guideline for reference by designers and reviewers. Nonetheless, current achievements focus mainly on pre-construction stages, with post-construction operation and maintenance mechanisms yet to be established. To ensure the long-term stability and effectiveness of rainwater conservation facilities, this year’s study centers on constructing a maintenance and management framework tailored to domestic regulations and local environmental conditions. The goal is to develop feasible maintenance strategies and operational standards that support urban water governance and sustainable development objectives.
2.Methodology and procedures
The following are the five primary research topics and associated tasks for this project:
Collect and analyze domestic and international measures, regulations, management issues, survey needs, and solutions related to the maintenance of on-site rainwater conservation facilities.
Compile training programs and systems for professional personnel in on-site rainwater conservation, both domestically and abroad.
Draft a preliminary framework for a training system and curriculum for rainwater conservation facilities.
Develop a draft Maintenance and Management Guideline for On-site Rainwater conservation Facilities in Green Buildings.
Organize two expert consultation workshops on maintenance management and professional training for on-site rainwater conservation facilities.
3.Major findings
This study systematically reviewed domestic and international systems related to the maintenance and management of on-site rainwater conservation facilities. The analysis revealed that while Taiwan’s current regulations provide comprehensive technical requirements at the design stage, there remain clear deficiencies in post-construction maintenance responsibilities, documentation procedures, and inspection mechanisms. In comparison, systems implemented in countries such as the United States, Japan, Australia, and those within the European Union demonstrate well-defined accountability frameworks, standardized inspection procedures, and comprehensive professional training programs. These international practices provide valuable insights for strengthening Taiwan’s future maintenance and management framework.
Field investigations and questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess current maintenance conditions in condominiums, social housing, and general buildings. The results showed that although most facilities still function as intended, the absence of routine inspections and qualified management personnel often leads to issues such as clogged infiltration layers, sediment accumulation, uncleansed storage tanks, and incomplete maintenance records. The majority of maintenance work is performed by property management or cleaning companies that lack adequate technical training, resulting in the gradual decline of facility performance. Therefore, establishing a formal maintenance management mechanism and a professional training system is urgently required to ensure long-term functionality.
To address these challenges, the study proposed a three-stage training and certification framework for professionals responsible for rainwater conservation facilities. The short-term phase focuses on developing course structures and pilot programs through collaboration between government agencies and professional associations. The mid-term phase emphasizes the standardization of course content, instructor accreditation, and the introduction of legal requirements mandating certified training for practitioners. The long-term phase envisions the establishment of a digital learning and knowledge management platform that integrates training materials, case studies, and monitoring data while fostering international cooperation and mutual recognition of qualifications.
Finally, the study drafted the Maintenance and Management Guideline for On-site Rainwater conservation Facilities in Green Buildings, which defines the responsibilities of owners, management units, and contractors, and specifies detailed maintenance procedures, inspection frequencies, and recordkeeping requirements. The guideline also compiles common deficiencies with corresponding corrective measures and outlines the professional knowledge and skills required for various management roles. This draft serves as a key reference for authorities, designers, and property managers, providing a foundation for future institutionalization and the establishment of a national professional training and certification system.
4.Major recommendation items
Through this research, following two recommendations are made for short- and middle- to long- term period:
Recommendation 1
Pilot training courses on on-site rainwater conservation facility planning, design, and maintenance management: short-term
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
CO-organizer: Taiwan Architecture & Building Center, Taiwan Green Infrastructure Association, and related professional societies
It is recommended to pilot short-term training courses covering design principles, construction highlights, maintenance processes, and legal requirements, incorporating case studies and hands-on exercises. The pilot program should also evaluate teaching materials, course duration, instructor qualifications, and participant feedback to serve as a foundation for formalized training and certification systems.
Recommendation 2
Institutionalization and legal integration of maintenance and management systems: middle-term
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
CO-organizer: National Land Management Agency, MOI; Local Building Authorities
It is recommended that future discussions consider incorporating the maintenance requirements and technical qualifications for personnel responsible for rainwater retention facilities into municipal building ordinances or related regulations. Clear mechanisms for periodic inspections and maintenance record keeping after building occupancy should be established. For projects exceeding a certain scale, personnel responsible for operation and maintenance may also be required to complete designated training and obtain certification before undertaking such work. These measures would strengthen the legal responsibility and professional standards for maintaining rainwater retention facilities.
Recommendation 3
Development of a continuous education platform and international collaboration mechanism: long-term
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, MOI
CO-organizer: Taiwan Architecture & Building Center, academic and professional associations, and international certification organizations
It is recommended to establish a digital learning platform integrating educational materials, case databases, and training records to create a continuously updated knowledge system. Collaboration with international organizations should be promoted to implement education and certification reciprocity mechanisms, ensuring global alignment while supporting national ESG initiatives and climate adaptation policies.
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臺灣現有綠建材標章制度雖已行之有年，但生態綠建材申請評定數量較低，目前僅有天然木竹材料、天然石材等申請項目，且生態綠建材現有定義為低人工處理及無匱乏危機之建材，相關定義使生態綠建材評定範圍的擴充造成限制，本研究之目的即是希望廣泛蒐集國內外基準及文獻，分析可納入生態綠建材評估之建材種類，再依據建材種類及特性，分別訂定適宜的定義與基準。
此外，因應全球氣候變遷，建築部門的碳排放已成為關注焦點。據統計，建築產業約占全球碳排放量的39%，其中建材生產過程的蘊含碳排放占比更高達11%。台灣作為全球供應鏈的重要成員，已承諾2050年達到淨零排放目標，建築部門的減碳轉型刻不容緩，綠建材標章目前尚未針對低碳進行評估，考量綠建材既有四大分類：生態、健康、再生、高性能，低碳納入生態綠建材評定較為可行，本研究將研訂生態低碳建材的評定基準，透過發產生態低碳綠建材，不僅能有效減少建築物的碳足跡，更能帶動產業轉型升級，也為實現2025淨零排放目標貢獻一份心力。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究探討現有的生態綠建材評定架構及基準，並嘗試建立一個更完善的受理評定架構。研究過程中也會關注各國生態綠建材定義與標準的差異性，以及目前評定架構採用的主要評估指標，含評定過程中可能面臨的挑戰與限制。本研究以文獻回顧探討臺灣本土環境及在地脈絡，並以專家訪談法作系統性的補充，協助研究團隊從實務角度檢視文獻內容，再以多準則決策分析結合生命週期評估之研究方法進行研析，在研究中，團隊將多準則決策分析法視為整體架構設計的方法論指導，而生命週期評估則作為環境面向量化評估的主要工具。這種整合性方法能夠確保生態綠建材評估不僅關注環境影響，也兼顧經濟可行性和社會責任，符合永續發展的核心理念。並於研究最終階段，選取市場上具有生態低碳潛力的既有建材，應用於所提出的評估框架中進行實證研究。透過對不同類型建材進行系統性評估，檢視生態綠建材架構在應對多元建材時的適應性，依據實際應用結果進行必要的調整與優化。期待依此研究成果建構更完整適用於臺灣的生態綠建材評定架構。
三、重要發現
1.本研究發現聯合國自1972年起逐步建構綠色建材發展框架，歷經五個階段演進，目前已進入循環創新階段，強調建材減碳與循環利用。台灣生態綠建材定義需與國際趨勢接軌，歐盟、香港、新加坡等地標章均要求生命週期碳足跡量化（A1-A3階段）及循環性評估。台灣生態綠建材應在保持「取之於自然、用之於自然」本土特色的同時，納入科學化碳排放評估與循環經濟指標，建立既符合國際規範又適合台灣產業結構的評定系統。
2.本研究透過國際標章比較分析與產業實務調查，提出生態綠建材評定架構之系統性修正方案。在定義修正方面，將原料範圍擴大為「生生不息或無匱乏危機」之天然材料，並依循生命週期時序邏輯，明確區分原料、製造、使用與廢棄四階段之特性要求，使其符合ISO 14040系列標準架構。評定基準修正上，木竹建材與天然石材均新增產品碳足跡評估報告(A1-A3階段)及製造廢料回收計畫等選擇性指標，與歐盟Ecolabel、香港G-pass等國際標章接軌。
3.本研究提出「生態綠建材標章推廣策略(草案)」包括：成立輔導單位提供碳盤查技術支援，協助中小企業跨越技術門檻；連結政府採購優先、綠色金融優惠與容積獎勵等市場機制，創造明確經濟誘因；建立標竿示範計畫帶動產業跟進；強化消費者教育與數位行銷，提升市場需求。同時特別關注社會公平議題，建議參考國際經驗提供弱勢群體補助措施，確保環境永續、產業轉型與社會公平三者平衡發展，擴大生態綠建材標章之產業效益。
四、主要建議事項
本研究計畫藉由蒐集國外生態綠建材相關標章之受理範圍與評定基準，深入瞭解國內外生態綠建材產業相關產業發展現況，研擬綠建材產業因應對策，並且針對標章制度導入節能減碳資訊揭露進行策略研析。為擴大本研究產出後續實質成果，提出下列建議：
建議一：
鼓勵法人機構與建材相關協會籌組綠建材輔導團，輔導標竿生態綠建材標章企業執行生態綠建材標章示範計畫：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：綠建材標章評定機構、台灣綠建材産業發展協會、社團法人台灣永續綠營建聯盟、中華民國建築材料商業同業公會全國聯合會、台灣省建築
材料商業同業公會全國聯合會
建議由內政部建築研究所為指導單位，結合財團法人台灣建築中心、台灣綠建材產業發展協會、台灣永續綠營建聯盟及相關建材公協會，成立「生態綠建材輔導團」。執行方式包括：(1)選定木竹材、石材各1-2家產業龍頭進行「從原料到產品」完整追溯試點；(2)提供碳盤查技術輔導、永續認證文件取得協助及循環回收計畫建立等一站式服務；(3)建立成功案例並辦理產業觀摩會，透過標竿企業示範效應，形成同業跟進機制，降低中小企業申請疑慮，建立可複製推廣模式，逐步擴大生態綠建材標章市場規模，並引導建材廠商與國家淨零排放政策及國際永續發展目標逐步接軌，並降低產業衝擊。
建議二：
建立世界各國合法認可之國際礦場或獲得永續礦場之資料庫，以解除國內石材業者申請生態綠建材評定基準文件準備之瓶頸：中長期可行建議
主辦機關：財團法人石材暨資源產業研究發展中心
協辦機關：台灣區石礦製品工業同業公會、台北市石材商業同業公會、綠建材標章評定機構、台灣綠建材産業發展協會、中華民國建築材料商業同業公
會全國聯合會
目前國內石材業者申請生態綠建材標章時，面臨最大的困難在於需要提供進口石材來源礦場的合法營運證明與環境管理文件，然而各國礦業管理制度差異極大，文件格式、語言、認證標準皆不相同，業者往往曠日費時透過國外供應商逐一取得各類證明文件，且經常因為文件不齊全、翻譯公證費用高昂、或不了解評定機構的具體要求而反覆補件，嚴重影響申請進度與意願，甚至部分業者因為文件準備困難而放棄申請，不利於推動石材產業的永續發展目標。建立一個整合世界各國合法認可礦場與永續礦場資訊的資料庫，不僅能提供業者一個便捷的查詢管道，更能透過標準化的文件格式與審查機制，大幅降低個別業者的文件準備成本與時間，同時也有助於綠建材評定機構建立更有效率的審查流程，此外這個資料庫的建立也展現台灣在推動永續建材供應鏈管理的積極態度，可提升國內石材產業在國際市場的競爭力與形象，並協助政府掌握進口石材的環境合規性，確保生態綠建材標章的公信力，因此由具有產業專業背景的石材暨資源產業研究發展中心主導，結合相關公會與評定機構的實務經驗，共同建置這個資料庫，是解決當前申請瓶頸最直接且可行的方案。
", "英文摘要": "I.Research Background
Taiwan's existing green building certification scheme has been in operation for many years, yet the number of applications for ecological green building materials remains low. Currently, only natural timber and bamboo materials, natural stone materials, and similar items are submitted for assessment. Furthermore, the current definition of ecological green building materials is restricted to those requiring minimal artificial processing and posing no risk of depletion. This definition constrains the expansion of the assessment scope for ecological green building materials. The objective of this study is to extensively collect domestic and international standards and literature, analyse the types of building materials that can be included in ecological green building material assessments, and then establish appropriate definitions and standards based on the types and characteristics of the materials.
Furthermore, in response to global climate change, carbon emissions from the construction sector have become a focal point. Statistics indicate that the construction industry accounts for approximately 39% of global carbon emissions, with embodied carbon emissions from building material production contributing as much as 11%. As a key member of the global supply chain, Taiwan has committed to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, making the carbon reduction transformation of the construction sector imperative. The Green Building Materials Label currently does not evaluate low-carbon attributes. Considering the existing four categories of green building materials—ecological, health-related, recycled, and high-performance—incorporating low-carbon criteria into ecological green building material assessments is more feasible. This study will develop assessment criteria for ecological low-carbon building materials. By promoting the production of ecological low-carbon green building materials, we can not only effectively reduce the carbon footprint of buildings but also drive industrial transformation and upgrading, thereby contributing to the achievement of the 2025 net-zero emissions target.
II.Research Methods and Process
This study examines existing ecological green building material assessment frameworks and criteria, and endeavours to establish a more comprehensive evaluation system. The research process also addresses variations in definitions and standards for ecological green building materials across different countries, alongside the primary assessment indicators employed in current frameworks, including potential challenges and limitations encountered during the evaluation process. The study employs a literature review to examine Taiwan's local environmental context and regional circumstances, supplemented systematically through expert interviews. This approach assists the research team in critically evaluating the literature from a practical perspective. Analysis is then conducted using a methodology combining multi-criteria decision analysis with life cycle assessment. Within the study, the team regarded MCDM as the methodological guide for the overall framework design, while LCA served as the primary tool for quantifying environmental aspects. This integrated approach ensures that ecological green building materials assessment addresses not only environmental impacts but also economic viability and social responsibility, aligning with the core principles of sustainable development. In the final research phase, existing building materials with ecological and low-carbon potential were selected from the market and applied within the proposed assessment framework for empirical testing. Through systematic evaluation of diverse material types, the framework's adaptability to varied building materials was examined, with necessary adjustments and optimisations made based on practical application outcomes. It is anticipated that these research findings will contribute to establishing a more comprehensive ecological green building materials assessment framework tailored to Taiwan's context.
III.Important Findings of this Research Project
1.This study finds that since 1972, the United Nations has gradually built a framework for the development of green building materials, evolving through five stages and now entering the circular innovation stage, which emphasizes carbon reduction and material circularity. Taiwan’s definition of Eco-Label Green Building Materials should align with international trends. Certification schemes in the European Union, Hong Kong, and Singapore all require quantified life cycle carbon footprint assessments (A1–A3 stages) and circularity evaluations. Taiwan’s Eco-Label Green Building Materials should retain its local philosophy of “derived from nature, returned to nature” while incorporating scientific carbon emission assessments and circular economy indicators to establish an evaluation system that both complies with international standards and suits Taiwan’s industrial structure.
2.Through comparative analysis of international eco-labels and industrial practice surveys, this study proposes a systematic revision framework for the evaluation of Eco-Label Green Building Materials. In terms of definition, the scope of raw materials is expanded to include natural materials that are renewable or non-depletable, and the four life cycle stages—raw material, manufacturing, use, and disposal—are clearly defined in accordance with the ISO 14040 series standards.Regarding evaluation criteria, both timber/bamboo materials and natural stone now include optional indicators such as the product carbon footprint assessment report (A1–A3 stages) and manufacturing waste recycling plans, aligning with international labels such as the EU Ecolabel and Hong Kong’s G-pass.
3.This study proposes a Draft Strategy for Promoting the Eco-Label Green Building Materials Program, which includes establishing support units to provide carbon inventory technical assistance, helping small and medium-sized enterprises overcome technological barriers; linking the label with government green procurement priority, green finance incentives, and floor area ratio bonuses to create clear economic incentives; launching benchmark demonstration projects to encourage industry participation; and strengthening consumer education and digital marketing to increase market demand. The strategy also pays particular attention to social equity, recommending subsidy measures for disadvantaged groups based on international experiences to ensure a balanced development of environmental sustainability, industrial transformation, and social fairness, thereby expanding the overall industrial benefits of Taiwan’s Eco-Label Green Building Materials program.
IV.Main Recommendations
This study collected information on the scope and evaluation criteria of international eco-labels for green building materials to gain a deeper understanding of the development status of the domestic and international eco-green building materials industries. It also formulated corresponding strategies for the green building materials sector and conducted strategic analyses on the integration of energy-saving and carbon-reduction information disclosure into the labeling system. To expand the tangible outcomes of this study, the following recommendations are proposed:
1.Encourage legal entities and building material-related associations to organize Green Building Material Advisory Teams to assist leading enterprises with the Eco-Label Green Building Material Demonstration Projects: Immediate Action Recommendation
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizing Agencies: Eco-Label Green Building Material Evaluation Bodies, Taiwan Green Building Material Council, Taiwan Sustainable Green Construction Union , National Chamber of Commerce of Building Material Taiwan, Taiwan Provincial Federation of Building Materials Commerce
It is recommended that the Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, serve as the supervising authority and collaborate
with the Taiwan
Architecture & Building Center, Taiwan Green Building Material Council, Taiwan Sustainable Green Construction Union, and relevant construction material associations to establish an Eco-Green Building Material Advisory Team.
Implementation measures include:
(1)Selecting one to two leading enterprises each from the timber/bamboo and stone industries to carry out a complete “from raw material to product”
traceability pilot project;
(2)Providing one-stop services such as carbon inventory technical guidance, assistance in obtaining sustainability certification documentation, and
establishing circular recycling plans;
(3)Developing successful case studies and organizing industry observation meetings. Through the demonstration effect of benchmark enterprises, a follow-up mechanism among peers can be formed to reduce application concerns for small and medium-sized enterprises, establish a replicable and scalable promotion model, gradually expand the market scale of the Eco-Label Green Building Material program, and guide building material manufacturers to align progressively with national net-zero emission policies and international sustainable development goals, thereby mitigating industrial impacts.
2.Establishment of a Database of Internationally Recognised Legal Quarries or Sustainably Certified Quarries Worldwide to Address Documentation Bottlenecks for Domestic Stone Material Manufacturers in Applying for Ecological Green Building Material Evaluation Standards: Medium-term Action Recommendation
Lead Agency: Stone and Resource Industry Research and Development Centre
Collaborating Agencis: Taiwan Stone and Mineral Products Industrial Association, Taipei Stone Commercial Association, Green Building Material Certification Evaluation Organisations, Taiwan Green Building Materials Industry Development Association, National Federation of Building Materials Commercial Associations of the Republic of China
Currently, domestic stone material manufacturers encounter considerable difficulties when applying for ecological green building material certification, primarily due to the requirement to provide legal operation certificates and environmental management documentation from the quarries of origin for imported stone materials. However, given the substantial variations in quarrying management systems across different countries, including disparities in document formats, languages, and certification standards, manufacturers typically expend protracted periods obtaining various certification documents through foreign suppliers on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, the application process is frequently impeded by incomplete documentation, prohibitively high translation and notarisation costs, or insufficient understanding of the specific requirements stipulated by evaluation organisations, resulting in repeated supplementary submissions that significantly affect application progress and willingness to participate. Indeed, certain manufacturers have abandoned their applications altogether owing to documentation preparation difficulties, which undermines efforts to advance sustainable development objectives within the stone material industry. The establishment of a comprehensive database integrating information on legally recognised and sustainably operated quarries worldwide would not only provide manufacturers with a convenient enquiry channel but would also substantially reduce the documentation preparation costs and time required by individual manufacturers through standardised document formats and review mechanisms, whilst simultaneously facilitating more efficient review processes for green building material evaluation organisations. Moreover, the establishment of this database would demonstrate Taiwan's proactive approach towards promoting sustainable building material supply chain management, thereby enhancing the competitiveness and international standing of the domestic stone material industry, and assisting governmental authorities in monitoring the environmental compliance of imported stone materials, thus ensuring the credibility of ecological green building material certification. Consequently, the construction of this database, spearheaded by the Stone and Resource Industry Research and Development Centre, which possesses specialised industrial expertise, in collaboration with relevant trade associations and evaluation organisations drawing upon their practical experience, represents the most direct and feasible solution to addressing the current application bottleneck.
", "相關檔案": "114年建研所資料蒐集分析報告_生態綠建材評定架構及基準之研究-1141219修-送印二版(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339785/5d82a7f8-fbbe-4040-a3af-9ceef50877df.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339758", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 23 Jul 2026 02:01:00 GMT", "title": "循環建築設計整合標準化及數位化評估之研究", "計畫主持人": "黃正翰", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "循環經濟、循環建築、循環度評估、循環建築評估、減碳", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著全球氣候變遷日益嚴重，各國政府已將其視為首要議題。建築產業作為溫室氣體排放的重要來源，其施工及使用階段對環境影響深遠。為達成 2050 年淨零碳排放目標，台灣營建產業亟需轉型 。鑑於過往循環建築評估多面臨計算繁複與資料不一致的挑戰，本研究旨在建立「循環建築暨減碳效益」之數位評估與導入方法，透過完善建築資訊模型（BIM）應用與標準化程序，提升評估效率與準確度，協助產業落實資源循環與減碳目標 。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究採用以下四種方法進行標準化與數位化評估模式的建立：
1.文獻與工具回顧
深入分析國內外關於 BIM 結合建築循環度評估（BCA）及低碳建築評估（LEBR）之最新進展，並參考國際標準（如 EN15978、ISO 21931）與既有評估工具（如 MCI、WBCI-LCA），確立整合評估之理論基礎 。
2.數位化評估流程建置
研擬基於 BIM 的標準化作業流程，開發「從 BIM 產出數量清單」、「擴增循環參數之標準化試算表」以及「網頁計算平台」之串接模式。確立了「手動上傳」與「自動連動」兩條數位評估路徑，解決現有 BIM 模型缺乏循環參數之痛點 。
3.案例試算與驗證
選取「桃園平鎮一號社會住宅」（RC結構）與「台北南港機廠社會住宅1區」（SRC結構結合既有建物再利用）進行實際試算，驗證數位工具之可行
性，並比較不同構造與設計策略之循環效益 。
4.專家諮詢與推廣
透過專家學者會議與推廣說明會，檢視評估參數（如降級回收係數、拆解特性）之合理性，並推廣數位化評估工具之應用 。
三、重要發現
以下為本研究之重要發現：
1.數位化評估效益顯著：
建立之 BIM 數位工具與標準化表單能有效解決傳統人工盤查的誤差與高門檻。透過自動化擷取建材資訊與參數連動，可快速計算並視覺化呈現建築循環
度（BCI）與減碳效益 。
2.結構系統為循環度關鍵：
案例分析顯示，結構體（樑、柱、樓板）佔建築總重量與碳排之絕大比例。南港社宅因採用 SRC 結構（鋼材回收性高）及既有結構再利用，其拆除階段循環度（CI-EOL 78.61%）與整體 BCI（40.72%）均顯著優於採用傳統 RC 結構的平鎮社宅（BCI 23.28%）。
3.既有建築再利用之減碳潛力：
南港全區評估證實，保留既有構件能大幅提升製造階段循環度（CI-CON 達 38.35%）並創造顯著的減碳比例（37.62%），證明「延壽與再利用」是比
「新建」更具效益的循環策略 。
4.非結構系統之模組化優勢：
室內輕隔間與鋁窗系統因具備高回收性與模組化特性，展現出極高的減碳潛能（如南港案室內系統減碳比例達 55.69%），是提升建築整體循環度的高潛
力項目 。
四、主要建議事項
本報告之主要建議事項歸結如下：
建議一
強化結構體循環設計與低碳材料導入 :立即可行建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人臺灣營建研究院
建議在結構設計中積極推廣預鑄（PC）模組化工法以提升可拆卸性；同時設定混凝土中替代性膠結材料（如爐石粉）與再生骨材之最低使用比例，從源頭降低水泥用量與蘊含碳排，這是提升 RC/SRC 結構循環效益之最直接途徑 。
建議二
激勵既有結構延壽與都市更新再利用:立即可行建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人臺灣營建研究院
依據研究數據，既有結構再利用之環境效益巨大。建議政府透過容積獎勵或稅務減免等政策誘因，鼓勵都市更新案優先考慮結構延壽與整建維護，而非
全面拆除重建，以落實循環經濟之核心精神 。
建議三
推動非結構系統之模組化與乾式施工 :中長期建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人臺灣營建研究院
針對室內裝修與外殼系統，應避免傳統濕式黏結工法。建議推廣可拆卸、模組化之地板與牆體系統，並結合再生材料（如再生鋁窗、循環地磚），以提
升建築在更新修繕階段的循環度與靈活性 。
建議四
深化數位工具應用與材料護照制度 :中長期建議。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人臺灣營建研究院
建議持續優化 BIM 數位評估流程，並研議導入「材料護照」概念，在 BIM 模型中強化材料追蹤功能。確保設計階段輸入的循環參數能與營運及拆除階段對接，建立完整的建築資材循環資料庫，提升產業應用意願與評估準確性。
", "英文摘要": "Research Background
As global climate change becomes increasingly severe, governments worldwide have pri-oritized it as a critical issue. The construction industry is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, with both construction and operational phases having profound environmental im-pacts. To achieve the goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, Taiwan's construction indus-try is in urgent need of transformation. Given that past circular building assessments often faced challenges regarding complex calculations and data inconsistency, this study aims to establish digital assessment methods and implementation strategies for "Circular Building and Carbon Reduction Benefits." By refining the application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and standardized procedures, the study seeks to enhance assessment efficiency and accuracy, assist-ing the industry in realizing resource circulation and carbon reduction goals.
Research Methodology and Process
This study employs the following four methods to establish standardized and digital as-sessment models:
1.Literature and Tool Review
An in-depth analysis of domestic and international progress on integrating BIM with Building Circularity Assessment (BCA) and Low Embodied-carbon Building Rating (LEBR) was conducted. Reference was made to international standards (e.g., EN15978, ISO 21931) and existing assessment tools (e.g., MCI, WBCI-LCA) to estab-lish the theoretical basis for integrated assessment.
2.Establishment of Digital Assessment Processes
A BIM-based standardized workflow was developed, creating a connected model com-prising "BIM-derived Quantity Take-off," "Standardized Spreadsheets with Augmented Circularity Parameters," and a "Web-based Calculation Platform." Two digital assess-ment paths—"Manual Upload" and "Automatic Linkage"—were established to resolve the issue of missing circularity parameters in existing BIM models.
3.Case Study Simulations and Verification
Two cases, "Taoyuan Pingzhen No.1 Social Housing" (RC structure) and "Taipei Nangang Depot Social Housing District 1" (SRC structure combined with existing building reuse), were selected for actual trial calculations. These trials verified the feasi-bility of the digital tools and compared the circularity benefits of different structural and design strategies.
4.Expert Consultation and Promotion
Expert meetings and promotional workshops were held to examine the rationality of as-sessment parameters (e.g., downcycling coefficients, disassembly characteristics) and to promote the application of digital assessment tools.
Key Findings
The key findings of this study are as follows:
1.Significant Benefits of Digital Assessment
The established BIM digital tools and standardized forms effectively address errors and high entry barriers associated with traditional manual inventories. Through the automat-ed extraction of building material information and parameter linkage, Building Circu-larity Indicators (BCI) and carbon reduction benefits can be rapidly calculated and visu-alized.
2.Structural Systems are Key to Circularity
Case analysis shows that the structural body (beams, columns, slabs) accounts for the vast majority of a building's total weight and carbon emissions. The Nangang Social Housing project, due to its adoption of an SRC structure (high steel recyclability) and reuse of existing structures, demonstrated a disassembly stage circularity (CI-EOL) of 78.61% and an overall BCI of 40.72%, significantly outperforming the Pingzhen Social Housing project (BCI 23.28%), which used a traditional RC structure.
3.Carbon Reduction Potential of Reusing Existing Buildings
The comprehensive assessment of the Nangang project confirmed that retaining existing components can substantially increase the manufacturing stage circularity (CI-CON reached 38.35%) and create a significant carbon reduction ratio (37.62%). This proves that "life extension and reuse" is a more effective circular strategy than "new construc-tion."
4.Modular Advantages of Non-structural Systems
Interior lightweight partitions and aluminum window systems, due to their high recycla-bility and modular characteristics, exhibited extremely high carbon reduction potential (e.g., the interior system of the Nangang project achieved a carbon reduction ratio of 55.69%). These are high-potential items for improving overall building circularity.
Key Recommendations
The main recommendations of this report are summarized as follows:
Recommendation 1
Strengthen Circular Design of Structural Bodies and Introduction of Low-Carbon Ma-terials
It is recommended to actively promote Precast Concrete (PC) modular construction meth-ods in structural design to enhance disassemblability. Simultaneously, setting a minimum usage ratio for alternative cementitious materials (such as blast furnace slag powder) and recycled ag-gregates in concrete is suggested. Reducing cement usage and embodied carbon at the source is the most direct pathway to improving the circularity efficiency of RC/SRC structures.
Recommendation 2
Incentivize Life Extension of Existing Structures and Reuse in Urban Renewal
According to research data, the environmental benefits of reusing existing structures are immense. It is recommended that the government use policy incentives, such as floor area bo-nuses or tax reductions, to encourage urban renewal projects to prioritize structural life exten-sion and renovation over complete demolition and reconstruction, thereby implementing the core spirit of the circular economy.
Recommendation 3
Promote Modularity and Dry Construction in Non-structural Systems
For interior decoration and envelope systems, traditional wet bonding methods should be avoided. It is recommended to promote detachable, modular flooring and wall systems, com-bined with recycled materials (e.g., recycled aluminum windows, circular floor tiles), to en-hance the circularity and flexibility of buildings during renovation and maintenance stages.
Recommendation 4
Deepen the Application of Digital Tools and Material Passport Systems
It is recommended to continuously optimize the BIM digital assessment process and delib-erate on introducing the "Material Passport" concept to strengthen material tracking functions within BIM models. Ensuring that circularity parameters input during the design phase can in-terface with operational and demolition phases will help establish a complete building material circularity database, thereby increasing industry willingness to adopt these tools and improving assessment accuracy.
", "相關檔案": "循環建築設計整合標準化及數位化評估之研究成果報告-V04(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339758/0f541019-4d5b-4fbb-b454-c18d9cb3757f.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339755", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 23 Jul 2026 01:20:00 GMT", "title": "室內溫熱環境與建築外殼隔熱U值適切性之研究", "計畫主持人": "潘振宇", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "建築外殼、U 值、熱傳透率、建築能效", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "建築外殼隔熱與室內溫熱環境及空調能耗息息相關，界定隔熱好壞以U值來判斷。U值單位為W/m2·K，稱熱傳透率(又稱熱貫流率)，每平方公尺一小時內通過的熱量，以室內外溫差1℃為基準，數值越小代表隔熱性越佳。建築應用上主旨在隔絕或降低室內外的熱量傳遞，根據室內用途需求決定隔熱程度，較需要確保室內溫熱環境穩定的空間例如特定研究機關、文物保存或藥劑研發等特定空間通常就要求較低的U值外殼，這些特殊建築除了建築壁體隔熱性能的要求，對於室內隔間動線、溫濕度穩定性與空調換氣系統等要求也越高。但對於一般建築空間的外殼隔熱考慮的是多層面整合與平衡，較低的U值外殼確實有良好的隔熱效果，但相反的卻是高建築成本與室內進出動線與開口面積限制等條件，決定建築壁體的隔熱程度需考量空間使用行為、建物所在地區、氣候環境、建築規模、用途、建置成本、開窗開口率以及在地工法習慣等不同條件綜合，兼顧保溫隔熱與使用成本平衡決定在地最適切的U值，本研究主題就是針對台灣現階段隔熱U值綜合探討，根據建築使用行為與能耗和氣候條件及建置投資等研究分析當前建築外殼隔熱的規定值適切性，並且探討是否有其修改調整的需求性與相關影響，研究範疇包含國內外現階段外殼隔熱值彙整、國內外殼隔熱構造現況、空調能耗影響與法規沿革分析。
台灣現階段屋頂的隔熱U值0.8W/m2k、外牆平均2.0~2.75 W/m2k，詳細分析項目可發現台灣對於屋頂U值的設定較大於美德日等國，與新加坡考量方式雷同，其他牆面、玻璃、開口處等設定值各國都有不同的數值與制定規範。建築外殼的隔熱性能直接決定室內溫熱環境與熱負荷變化，隔熱性較好的外殼可阻擋室內外熱傳透量，但建築空間室內溫熱環境除了室外熱傳影響以外還會受到開窗開口的直射熱影響、內部發熱負荷如人體發熱、照明、器具發熱、換氣熱負荷等各總活動時產出熱負荷，建築空間並非完全封閉且不像冰箱一樣需要要完整保存內部溫熱不受外部影響，建築外殼需定量的進出開口應付活動進出及照明採光，這些都會直接影響室內外熱負荷變動，與隔熱值高低無關。另外，台灣位處亞熱帶地區，冬夏季氣候環境與終日的日射條件也都是設定外殼U值需通盤考量的因素，如果U值過低，可能造成過度隔熱導致室內外氣流量降低等影響濕度囤積，反之如果U值過高則可能使室內容易受到外界環境影響造成內部溫熱環境不穩而耗費更多空調換氣能源。因此，制定平衡U值既能確保節能性又能維持室內舒適溫熱環境，都是需多方面考慮的課題。本研究針對建築外殼隔熱U值平衡性，從區域性、建築用途、規模、成本、空調換氣設備容量、投資影響、溫熱需求等綜合層面探討台灣適當的U值改善策略，根據現行規範架構著重於屋頂、方位、區域、開口部等隔熱值的討論與分析。
", "英文摘要": "The insulation of the building shell is closely related to the indoor thermal environment and air conditioning energy consumption. The quality of thermal insulation is determined by the U-value. The unit of U-value is W/m2·K, which is called thermal transmittance (also known as heat permeability). It is the amount of heat that passes through one square meter per hour, based on a 1°C temperature difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures. The smaller the value, the better the thermal insulation. The main purpose of building applications is to isolate or reduce heat transfer between indoor and outdoor. The degree of thermal insulation is determined according to the needs of indoor use. Spaces that need to ensure a stable indoor thermal environment, such as specific research institutions, cultural relics preservation, or pharmaceutical research and development, usually require a lower U-value shell. In addition to the requirements for building wall insulation performance, these special buildings also have higher requirements for indoor compartment traffic flow, temperature and humidity stability, and air conditioning ventilation systems. However, for the shell insulation of general building spaces, it is necessary to consider multi-level integration and balance. A lower U-value shell does have a good insulation effect, but on the contrary, it is subject to high construction costs and indoor access lines and opening area restrictions. The degree of insulation of the building wall must be determined by considering a combination of different conditions such as space usage behavior, building location, climate environment, building scale, purpose, construction cost, window opening rate, and local construction methods. Taking into account the balance between thermal insulation and usage costs, the most appropriate U-value for the local area is determined. The theme of this study is a comprehensive discussion on the current insulation U-value in Taiwan. According to the building usage behavior and energy consumption, climate conditions and construction investment, the appropriateness of the current specified value of building shell insulation is analyzed, and whether there is a need for its modification and adjustment and related impacts. The research scope includes the current shell insulation value summary at home and abroad, the current status of domestic shell insulation structure, the impact of air conditioning energy consumption and the analysis of regulatory evolution.
Taiwan's current roof insulation U-value is 0.8 W/m²k, while exterior walls average 2.0-2.75 W/m²k. A detailed analysis reveals that Taiwan's roof U-value settings are higher than those in countries like the United States, Germany, and Japan, similar to Singapore's approach. The values for other surfaces, such as walls, glass, and openings, vary across countries, with different values and established standards. The thermal insulation performance of a building's envelope directly determines indoor thermal environments and heat load fluctuations. A well-insulated envelope can block heat transfer from both indoor and outdoor spaces. However, in addition to outdoor heat transfer, indoor thermal environments are also affected by direct heat from window openings, internal heat loads such as human heat, lighting, appliance heat, and ventilation heat load, among other factors. Buildings are not completely enclosed and, unlike refrigerators, need to completely preserve internal heat without external influences. The building envelope requires a certain amount of access openings to accommodate movement and lighting. These factors directly impact indoor and outdoor heat load fluctuations, regardless of insulation value. In addition, Taiwan is located in the subtropics, and the winter and summer climate conditions and daytime solar radiation conditions are also factors that need to be considered when setting the U-value of the shell. If the U-value is too low, it may cause excessive insulation, resulting in reduced indoor and outdoor air flow, affecting humidity accumulation. Conversely, if the U-value is too high, the indoor environment may be easily affected by the external environment, resulting in an unstable internal thermal environment and consuming more air conditioning and ventilation energy. Therefore, formulating a balanced U-value that can ensure energy saving while maintaining a comfortable indoor thermal environment is a topic that requires multi-faceted consideration. This study focuses on the balance of U-values in building shell insulation, and explores appropriate U-value improvement strategies in Taiwan from a comprehensive perspective, including regionality, building use, scale, cost, air conditioning and ventilation equipment capacity, investment impact, and thermal demand. Based on the current regulatory framework, it focuses on the discussion and analysis of insulation values such as roofs, orientations, regions, and openings.
", "相關檔案": "室內溫熱環境與建築外殼隔熱U值適切性之研究成果報告 20251125-2(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339755/654bfcbd-a5a8-4fb1-8cf9-b488419678eb.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339437", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 02 Jul 2026 08:16:00 GMT", "title": "台灣都市通風地圖系統應用與驗證分析(二)", "計畫主持人": "陳希舜", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "國立臺灣科技大學", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "都市風廊、計算流體力學、類神經網路、地理資訊系統、氣象資料、風速機率", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
因應極端氣候變遷與都市熱島效應的挑戰，都市風廊概念成為減緩都市熱島問題的重要策略。都市風廊分析需因地制宜，蒐集並精確分析都市的物理與環境條件。內政部建築研究所基於此理念，建置了台灣都市通風地圖系統(TUVM)，整合類神經網路分析、中尺度大氣模式、計算流體力學模擬、衛星地表溫度推估及都市建築資訊，匯入地理資訊系統，並以線上查詢平台形式提供包含區域氣候、熱島強度、建築資訊與風場等多維度資料，俾都市規劃人員及地方政府能快速取得相關分析資訊，進行風廊管制區與主要風廊的科學指認與規劃決策。
本計畫第一期已完成大台北地區都市通風地圖資料建置，並參考國際風廊規劃方法，整合多元大數據與分析結果，確立管制區域及風廊識別方法並公開相關資料。同時，於林口AI園區完成IoT監測設備布建規劃、首次光達風速剖面及無人機熱紅外線測量，以因應該區域持續開發造成的建築密度與風場變化。透過連續實地監測、風洞實驗及數值模擬，進行風廊效益評估，具實證指標意義。前期亦深化國內外都市風廊政策分析，結合TUVM參數，規劃系統的實務落地與應用路徑，推動都市通風環境改善。
二、研究方法及過程
本年度計畫以TUVM系統為基礎，針對桃園市及台中市等人口與建築密集區域進行資料建置與系統優化，涵蓋區域氣候、都市熱島強度、建築資訊及風場分析，並依區域特性採用CFD模擬與經驗公式推估通風潛力，整合納入線上查詢平台。同時推動TUVM系統功能擴展及AI技術應用可行性研究，並協調系統資料公開與風廊管制策略。
實場監測方面，利用光達風速剖面量測及無人機高解析度地表溫度量測獲得之數據，建立物理模型以推估通用熱氣候指數UTCI，作為監測區舒適性指標。另於布建定點氣象設備，建立即時資料庫並部署即時觀測系統，並逐步擴展至都市重點功能區。應用推廣部分，透過跨界座談與示範區策略實證，結合風洞及CFD模擬驗證風廊設計效益。編製操作手冊並規劃系統與國土計畫圖資之介接方案，並邀請實務工作者試用系統，持續優化以確保實務需求相符。
三、重要成果
(1) 本計畫經由對現有圖資數據及使用者需求之深入分析，對入口網站進行結構性優化與風格全面更新，新增完整操作指引與示範案例，提升整體使用體驗並實現一站式服務。網站架構涵蓋主頁、資訊前導頁、TUVM圖台、聯絡頁及通風潛力初評系統等主要模組，分別提供背景說明、系統導覽、圖資互動、便捷聯絡及專業分析工具，確保使用者在資訊查閱與功能運用上獲得流暢且全面的支援，為未來都市規劃及通風環境評估提供穩健且高效的數位平台。
(2) 針對都市風廊規劃需求，本計畫開發出一套通風潛力初評模型。該模型依據都市建築型態與氣流分布之關聯，透過地塊規模測試、資料篩選、資料正規化及模型建構與驗證等環節，達成對建築阻抗影響下都市區域風速與風量分布的快速且合理推估。此通風潛力指標能有效反映地表阻抗對近地表風況的影響，為都市風廊的識別與分析提供堅實的理論基礎與實務工具，進而支援都市規劃中風環境評估的需求。此外，基於前述模型建置都市通風潛力線上初評系統，為規劃設計階段之通風潛力評估提供便利且可行的分析工具。
(3) 本研究提出的都市通風環境規劃流程，主要分為三個階段，分別為基地及周邊區域概況評估、規劃與改善對策研擬，以及效益評估。第一階段藉由掌握基地與周邊區域的通風條件與環境特性，以奠定第二階段之規劃與改善對策研擬之基礎。最後，針對不同空間尺度，提出不同的設計重點與策略，並在第三階段以碳排放量作為效益評估的核心指標，檢驗整體規劃的可行性與永續性。為支援各階段分析與決策，本研究提出對應工具，包含TUVM系統、CFD模擬軟體、風洞實驗，以及舒適度與能耗相關的各項評估指標，協助進行通風趨勢研判、細部模擬與方案優選，並推估所降低之碳排放潛力。透過此完整且可操作的應用架構，都市通風環境的規劃設計能從大尺度的區域規劃逐步落實至建築尺度設計中。
(4) 本研究彙整歸納國內外通風系統之規劃與設計方法，並釐清街廓或社區基地開發與建築基地開發規模，及其影響之物理環境尺度，包括都市風廊道尺度與行人風場尺度，進而明確開發規模在都市通風系統中之功能定位，依空間尺度將設計方法進行分類與繪製，最後草擬「都市通風系統之規劃設計操作手冊」，以作為通風系統規劃設計時之具體參考。
(5) 本計畫於實場監測區建構 10 點風速監測網絡，有利於未來累積豐富微氣候數據。監測網絡系統採用離網型太陽能供電，即使連續陰雨亦能穩定運作，以落實都市環境監測的可行性。另透過模組化設計、輕量級通訊協定與雲端整合，建構高可靠度及易於擴充的 IoT 微氣候監測系統，而監測系統資料則透過網路傳輸至「即時監測數據平台」，發揮整合即時監控、歷史趨勢分析、UTCI 舒適度計算及異常警示功能，提供完整的資料管理與視覺化解決方案，有助於後續分析、決策以及成果展示。
四、 主要建議事項
建議一
立即可行建議：TUVM圖資擴展與管理工作
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所、國立臺灣科技大學
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署、中華民國風工程學會
本年度建置完成TUVM系統之大台北地區、桃園市以及台中市通風資料，並檢核這些地區都市、非都市區域之氣象站分析資料、都市熱島強度、通風潛力、主要/次要風廊等資訊。後續再針對台南市、高雄市進行系統資料建置，以完備系統之廣度以及深度。同時應規劃資料架構之標準化及後台資料上傳管理機制，同時撰編TUVM系統操作及管理手冊，建立完善之操作維護規範與技術指引，同時進一步確立系統資料庫管理、資料整備分析等流程，並訂立定期更新維護作業辦法，有效提升系統維運效率與資料管理品質。
建議二
中長期建議：都市建成區綠覆與水體降溫策略研究
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所、國立臺灣科技大學
協辦機關：中華民國風工程學會
針對本研究所彙整之通風系統規劃與設計方法，對應台灣現行之空間規範與法規體系，進行納入相關都市通風系統評估之內容建議，以提高都市通風系統之重視度與實務應用。有鑑於都市建成區內建築密集、風速普遍偏低，相關設計手法多以提升綠覆比例與配置景觀水體作為主要降溫策略。建議未來研究可進一步針對地表輻射溫度或環境輻射溫度進行討論，並檢視其於通風與熱環境模擬中之設定參數與規定，以提升評估結果之準確性與應用效益。
建議三
立即可行建議：都市通風潛力初評系統之優化
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所、國立臺灣科技大學
協辦機關：中華民國風工程學會
本計畫針對都市風廊規劃需求，成功開發一套通風潛力初評模型。該模型基於都市建築型態與氣流分布之相互關聯性，透過地塊規模測試、資料篩選、資料正規化及模型建構與驗證等系統化程序，達成對建築阻抗影響下都市區域風速與風量分布的快速且合理推估。本通風潛力指標能有效量化地表阻抗對近地表風況之影響機制，為都市風廊的識別與分析提供堅實的理論基礎與實務工具，並支援都市規劃中風環境評估之量化需求。同步建置都市通風潛力線上初評系統，為規劃設計階段之通風潛力評估提供便利且可操作之分析平台。
就模型發展方向而言，本年度採用多變數回歸模型建立建築型態與通風潛力間之關聯，惟因通風潛力與型態參數具非單一對應特性，現階段評估結果僅能取得眾數範圍內之對應結果，適宜作為區域開發或規劃方案比對之參考依據，而非絕對預測值。未來應進一步導入類神經網路模型或深度學習演算法，以提升預測準確度與應用可信度。同時應積極擴充都市通風潛力初評系統之功能面向，包括優化輸入資料格式之相容性、豐富評估報告之呈現樣式、強化規劃設計之建議內容等，俾符合都市規劃與建築設計實務應用需求，並提升決策支援之效能。
建議四
中長期建議：即時監測數據平台之推廣與應用
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所、國立臺灣科技大學
協辦機關：各縣市政府、中華民國風工程學會、淡江大學
本期計畫實場監測區之儀器佈設，展現IoT技術於都市環境監測之應用潛力。透過太陽能供電、MQTT通訊、雲端資料管理與視覺化平台之整合，建立了一套可複製、可擴充之監測系統原型。本計畫成果不僅能支援都市風廊規劃與熱島緩解策略，亦可作為建築設計與都市微氣候模擬的資料基礎，強化環境數據於決策層面的應用價值。
後續應用可朝以下幾個面向進行發展，在都市規劃，可提供通風廊道設計驗證資料，協助規劃單位評估都市開發對風場之影響；在建築設計領域，提供建築師參考鄰近地區之風場與熱環境特性，優化建築配置與開窗設計；在氣候變遷研究上，長期監測資料可分析都市熱島效應之時空變化趨勢；在公共衛生方面，透過UTCI指數預警高溫風險，提醒戶外工作者與敏感族群注意防護；而於智慧城市整合應用中，資料可串接至智慧城市平台，與交通、能源、環境等系統整合運用。
本平台有多項可深入發展的層面，首先是感測器層面，可於更多測站配置黑球溫度計與長波輻射計，提升UTCI計算之準確性；其次於空間擴展，將監測網絡拓展至其他都市地區，建立跨區域比對資料庫；再者於模式整合部份，整合CFD模擬系統之資料串接，實現監測與模擬之雙向驗證；同時探索機器學習應用，利用累積資料建立預測模型，提供未來數小時之風場與熱舒適度預報；最後可開放資料共享，供民眾查詢，提升環境意識與科學素養。整體而言，後續應持續推動感測網絡空間擴展、技術深化與跨域整合，期發展成為全方位之都市微氣候智慧監測與預警體系，為永續城市建設與氣候適應政策提供具科學基礎之工具。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "期末報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339437/549be488-742f-40e6-a3a4-494152e7b730.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336816", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 02:55:00 GMT", "title": "停車場增設排煙設備影響滅火設備及與換氣設備合併效益評估之研究", "計畫主持人": "鍾基強", "協同主持人": "陳又嘉", "執行單位": "社團法人台灣防火材料協會", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "地下停車空間火災、煙控系統、通風換氣設備", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起：
現行室內停車空間『非屬』《各類場所消防安全設備設置標準》(民國113年04月24日版本)第28條規定應設置排煙設備之場所，然而隨電動車市占率逐漸上升且地下建築空間其空間特性較為封閉且動線複雜，其火災風險不容忽視。電動車潛在危害包含：感電、電池化學液滲漏、可燃氣體危害，以及電動車電池模組於火災發生時易產生瞬時高熱與鋰離子活性不易滅火之特性，隨著燃燒時間延長，濃煙亦將持續增長流竄。因此，當地下停車空間若不幸發生電動車火災，濃煙易造成受困人員迷航且伴隨能見度差、通訊不良、氧氣補給困難等附加危害，將增加救援難度與危險性【1】。
另一方面，順應國際規範趨勢及因應電動車火災須大量水降溫以侷限火勢，內政部於113年4月24日修正《各類場所消防安全設備設置標準》第18條，將自動撒水設備納入室內停車空間得選設使用之滅火設備，有效降低該類場所火災擴大延燒之風險。本研究案爰為控制地下停車場火災時濃煙於大空間擴散，提升消防搶救可行性與逃生避難安全性，擬就停車場設置排煙設備，惟參考FM Global- INSTALLATION GUIDELINES FOR AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS規範發現，密閉式撒水頭需偵熱後動作，當設置排煙設備可能破壞其偵熱感應動作或導致減緩動作時間。因此，該建築物連結機械通風或排煙設備啟動，是否會造成非排煙區風險提高或致使火災無法順利排煙等風險疑慮，以及撒水頭是否仍能有效感知火源所產生之煙熱等議題，加以開展本研究課題及討論分析。
二、研究方法與過程：
有鑑於我國停車空間規劃大多設置於地下樓層，同時地下停車空間難以救援且災害發生危險性高，為精進我國停車空間火災安全策略之參考，考量地下停車空間火場高溫煙氣流實務面操作，煙控設計應搭配空間防煙區劃建置，確保火災期間及排煙設備足夠將區劃內濃煙進行排除，確保逃生人員具備充足的救災與人員生存環境條件。
室內停車空間屬半封閉空間且建築結構防火時效大多為1~3小時，因此火災發生如何快速且有規劃的控制及排除高溫煙流，並防止火勢對建築結構強度造成影響則相當重要。現階段國內地下停車空間非屬《各類場所消防安全設備設置標準》第28條規定應設置排煙設備之場所，然而隨電動車市占率逐漸上升且地下停車空間火災風險不容忽視，因而加以開展地下停車空間增設排煙設備或與現有通風換氣設備兼併使用之研究課題。
建築物煙控是為將火災時的煙限定在某區域內，或是改變煙的流動方向，用以控制並降低火災區域的煙霧漫延擴散，並維持人員逃生路徑的通道，以利消防人員進行救援。考量地下停車空間樓高較低且天花板佈滿各式管線，建議既設合法建築物可透過進排氣機房採大面積抽引高溫煙氣排除，若有針對性防護對象(如：逃生梯間、逃生口、機電室等)則需進一步設計與討論；新建建築物則可另案檢討增設排煙設備之設置要求及性能檢討。
三、重要發現：
本研究團隊針對停車場增設排煙設備影響滅火設備及與換氣設備合併效益評估之研究，提出相關結論如下：
1.經蒐集國外之相關文獻，得知新加坡、日本與中國等國，對於地下停車空間均有要求設置排煙設備，差異的地方在於日本與中國針對地下停車空間要求設置專用排煙系統及防煙區劃，而新加坡則是採通風換氣設備兼用排煙設備之方式，可供後續相關主管機關法規精進之參考。
2.以地下停車空間整體環境條件而言，在『小面積停車空間』及『大面積停車空間』的模擬情境下，啟動通風換氣設備皆有助於降低停車空間煙氣危害與高溫危害的範圍。但若是站在人員避難的角度，大面積停車空間因面積較大，開啟通風換氣設備，對於人員避難及消防救災人員救災環境之安全皆具有正面幫助；而小面積停車空間因面積小，濃煙與溫度擴散迅速，開啟通風換氣設備對於人員避難較無明顯幫助，但開啟通風換氣設備仍有助於提供消防救災人員能有更安全之救災環境。
3.通風換氣設備於災時啟動能夠改善火場能見度與溫度，惟需留意火源與排氣機房的相對位置，當火源發生於鄰近進氣機房時，高溫煙氣流可能會隨氣流推向非起火區域。因此當採用通風換氣設備兼併排煙功能時，建議當進氣機房附近的火警自動警報設備偵知到火災發生時，進氣機房風機立即切換運轉模式為排氣(正逆轉)，以利排煙並避免將煙氣推向非起火區域。
4.依據電腦模擬結果可知，當將通風換氣設備之進排風機性能提升為排煙設備風量等級並設置排煙風管後，火源附近溫度大約可降低約55%，濃煙使能見度不足10m之時間可延緩約300秒左右。顯見通風換氣設備性能提升為排煙設備風量等級並設置排煙風管後，以地下停車空間整體環境條件而言有相當程度之助益。
5.另由電腦模擬結果分析中發現，起火點若靠近排氣機房，通風換氣設備排煙之效果較佳。故建議「①電動車輛充電樁應設置於排氣機房附近、②排氣機房應避免規劃於避難直通樓梯附近、③直通樓梯可考量規劃加壓防煙」等內容可考量納入內政部於114年所公布《戶外、建築物室內與公共場域設置電動車輛充換電站安全管理指引》之中。
6.本研究團隊彙整噴頭作動時間發現，現行通風換氣設備啟動與否，對於鄰近起火點(三顆撒水頭範圍內)的密閉式撒水頭或泡沫感知噴頭而言，其動作時間影響甚微(差異皆在2秒左右)。因此通風換氣設備兼併災時排煙，其所產生的空間氣流擾動對火源鄰近撒水頭(指噴撒防護範圍與火源燃燒面積重疊)的啟動時間影響甚微，其撒水頭仍能在火源初期具備即時撒水滅火之作用。
四、主要建議事項：
建議ㄧ
立即可行之建議：研擬地下停車空間設置專區排煙設備及人員避難逃生安全設計技術手冊之可行性。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、內政部國土署
現行建築物地下停車空間『非屬』《各類場所消防安全設備設置標準》第28條規定應設置排煙設備之場所。然而隨電動車市占率逐漸上升且地下建築空間其空間特性較為封閉且動線複雜，當地下停車空間電動車發生火災時，其火勢快速延燒將可能對建築結構強度造成極大影響，不僅可能大幅降低其耐震能力，甚至因無法承受其高溫而有倒塌的風險。
避難設計相當重要的一個考量因素即為『煙氣』控制。地下停車空間煙控設計首要工作即將高溫煙氣阻擋於起火區進而避免影響人員避難與救災。有鑑於此，針對新建建築物地下停車空間增設專區區劃與煙控相關設備，需考慮空間排煙量規劃(排煙口、排煙量與防煙區劃之規劃)，利用正壓防煙或負壓排煙之煙控設計，使煙氣沉降速度減緩或與人員避難動線錯開。
為了確保上述人員避難動線與搶救路線之安全，針對新建建築物地下停車空間建議均應考量設置特別安全梯(或戶外安全梯)與緊急用昇降機可通達地下層與避難層，其所屬之排煙室應考量採用正壓防煙設計為主，以防止地下停車空間發生火災時濃煙侵入梯間。
參考日本、新加坡與中國等國均有針對地下停車空間設置相關排煙設備(或兼用通風換氣設備)之規定，故建議針對新建建築物地下停車空間為主，探討增設專區區劃與煙控相關設備設置原則與建築物地下停車空間人員避難行為、時間之可行性分析，並研擬相關技術手冊。
建議二
中長期之建議：研擬地下停車空間充換電站及充電專用停車位應設置排煙設備與獨立防火防煙區劃。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、內政部國土署
鑒於內政部於114年4月公布《戶外、建築物室內與公共場域設置電動車輛充換電站安全管理指引》，其中第8條僅要求充換電站(設備、樁)及充電專用停車位在同一防火區劃應集中設置，充電專用停車位不宜緊鄰人員密集場所，且應與樓梯、安全梯、特別安全梯、昇降機道及緊急昇降機間等垂直區劃之水平距離保持6公尺以上，且不得緊鄰鍋爐室、發電機室、配電室、垃圾處理空間等區域，應將充換電站與充電專用停車位設置於在靠外牆或車道出入口，且通風相對良好區域，與出入口水平距離不大於60公尺處。
惟電動車燃燒所產生高溫煙氣流可能迅速向四周擴散，此時若要加強地下停車空間高溫煙流預防而研擬停車空間全區設置排煙設備恐實務難以推動，因此建議可先以充換電站及充電專用停車位作為示範對象或初期要求對象，要求該區域應設有排煙設備與防煙區劃。
", "英文摘要": "1.Research Background:
Indoor parking spaces are currently not categorized as areas required to install smoke exhaust systems under Article 28 of the “Standards for Installation of Fire Safety Equipment in Various Occupancies” (April 24, 2024 version). However, as the market share of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to increase and considering that underground structures are enclosed and spatially complex, the fire risks associated with such environments cannot be ignored.
Potential hazards of EVs include electric shock, leakage of battery electrolytes, combustible gas release, and the high heat and persistent combustion characteristics of lithium-ion battery modules, which make extinguishing difficult once ignited. As burning continues, dense smoke will rapidly accumulate and spread. Consequently, if a fire occurs in an underground parking area, heavy smoke may easily disorient occupants and lead to secondary hazards such as poor visibility, communication failure, and reduced oxygen supply—significantly increasing the difficulty and danger of firefighting and rescue operations【1】.
To align with international trends and address the need for substantial water cooling during EV fires, the Ministry of the Interior amended Article 18 of the “Standards for Installation of Fire Safety Equipment in Various Occupancies” on April 24, 2024, allowing automatic sprinkler systems to be optionally installed in indoor parking spaces. This measure effectively reduces the risk of fire escalation.
This study aims to investigate the installation of smoke exhaust systems in underground parking lots to limit the spread of smoke during fires, enhance firefighting efficiency, and improve evacuation safety. According to the FM Global Installation Guidelines for Automatic Sprinklers, closed-type sprinklers are heat-activated, meaning that smoke exhaust systems could interfere with heat detection or delay activation. Therefore, this research explores whether the activation of mechanical ventilation or smoke exhaust systems may inadvertently increase fire risk in non-smoke zones, hinder smoke removal, or affect sprinkler sensitivity—issues that warrant detailed study and analysis.
2.Research Methods and Process
Most parking facilities in Taiwan are located underground, where fire rescue is difficult and risks are high. To improve fire safety strategies for underground parking facilities, this study considers the behavior of high-temperature smoke in real fire conditions. Effective smoke control design must incorporate compartmentation to ensure that smoke can be adequately removed within designated zones, providing sufficient conditions for occupant survival and emergency response.
Indoor parking facilities are semi-enclosed spaces with structural fire resistance typically ranging from one to three hours. Therefore, rapid and systematic control and removal of high-temperature smoke are critical to prevent structural weakening. Currently, underground parking spaces are not required to install smoke exhaust systems under Article 28 of the national standard, yet the increasing prevalence of EVs necessitates re-evaluating this regulation. This research explores the feasibility of integrating smoke exhaust functions into existing ventilation systems.
Smoke control aims to confine smoke within a defined area or redirect its flow to prevent spread, maintain evacuation routes, and facilitate rescue operations. Given that underground parking spaces have low ceiling heights and complex ceiling layouts with numerous pipes, it is recommended that existing legal buildings utilize large-scale extraction fans in mechanical rooms for smoke removal. For key areas such as stairwells, exits, and electrical rooms, further design and analysis are advised. For new buildings, performance-based assessments for additional smoke exhaust systems should be conducted.
3.Key Findings
Based on this study’s evaluation of how installing smoke exhaust systems impacts existing firefighting and ventilation systems, the following conclusions were drawn:
(1)International Comparison: Countries such as Singapore, Japan, and China all require smoke exhaust systems in underground parking facilities. Japan and China mandate dedicated smoke exhaust systems and smoke compartmentation, whereas Singapore allows the ventilation system to serve dual purposes for both ventilation and smoke removal. These approaches can serve as references for improving local regulations.
(2)Effectiveness by Scale: Simulations show that activating ventilation systems during fires helps reduce heat and smoke hazards in both small and large parking spaces. In large facilities, it significantly improves evacuation and rescue safety; in smaller spaces, although smoke spreads faster and benefits are less evident for evacuation, the system still improves firefighting safety.
(3)Airflow Risks: While ventilation improves visibility and lowers temperature, the location of the fire relative to air inlets and outlets is critical. If the fire occurs near an air intake room, airflow may push hot smoke into non-fire zones. Thus, if ventilation is used for smoke exhaust, air intake fans near detected fire areas should automatically reverse operation to function as exhaust fans, preventing smoke spread.
(4)Simulation Results: When ventilation fans are upgraded to smoke exhaust capacity with appropriate ducting, the temperature near the fire source can be reduced by approximately 55%, and visibility below 10 m can be delayed by about 300 seconds. This indicates significant environmental improvement.
(5)Design Recommendations: Simulations also show that smoke exhaust performance is best when the fire occurs near the exhaust room. Therefore, it is recommended that (1) EV charging stations be located near exhaust rooms, (2) exhaust rooms be placed away from direct escape stairwells, and (3) pressurization smoke control be considered for stairwells. These measures could be incorporated into the Guidelines for the Safety Management of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Outdoor, Indoor, and Public Spaces (to be issued by the Ministry of the Interior in 2025).
(6)Sprinkler Activation: The activation or deactivation of ventilation equipment has minimal impact (within 2 second) on the activation time of enclosed sprinkler heads or foam sensor nozzles near the fire source.Therefore, ventilation equipment that also functions as a smoke exhaust system has minimal impact on the activation time of sprinkler heads near the fire source (meaning the sprinkler protection area overlaps with the fire combustion area). These sprinkler heads can still provide immediate fire suppression in the early stages of a fire.
4.Major Recommendations
Recommendation 1 — Immediate Action:
Study the feasibility of integrating existing ventilation systems with emergency smoke exhaust functions in underground parking spaces.
Lead Agency: Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Cooperating Agencies: National Fire Agency, National Land Administration
Under current regulations, underground parking spaces in buildings are not classified as locations required to install smoke exhaust systems under Article 28 of the “Standards for Installation of Fire Safety Equipment in Various Types of Places.” However, as the market share of electric vehicles continues to rise and underground building spaces are generally enclosed with complex circulation paths, a fire involving an electric vehicle in an underground parking area may spread rapidly and severely affect the structural strength of the building. This could not only significantly reduce its seismic resistance but also pose a risk of collapse due to the inability to withstand high temperatures.
One of the most critical factors in evacuation design is the control of “smoke.” The primary task in smoke control design for underground parking spaces is to confine high-temperature smoke to the fire zone so as to prevent interference with occupant evacuation and firefighting operations. Accordingly, when adding zoned compartments and smoke control–related equipment in underground parking spaces of newly constructed buildings, it is necessary to consider planning the required smoke exhaust capacity (including the layout of exhaust openings, exhaust volume, and smoke compartmentation). Through the use of positive-pressure smoke prevention or negative-pressure smoke exhaust design, the descent speed of smoke can be reduced or separated from evacuation routes.
To ensure the safety of evacuation routes and rescue access paths, it is recommended that underground parking spaces in all newly constructed buildings consider the installation of special safety staircases (or exterior safety staircases) and emergency elevators that connect to underground levels and refuge floors. The associated smoke-proof vestibules should primarily adopt positive-pressure smoke prevention design to prevent dense smoke from entering stairwells when a fire occurs in the underground parking area.
Since countries such as Japan, Singapore, and China have established regulations requiring the installation of smoke exhaust equipment (or combined ventilation systems) in underground parking spaces, it is recommended that, with a focus on newly constructed buildings, principles for the installation of zoned compartments and smoke control equipment be studied. In addition, feasibility analyses of occupant evacuation behavior and evacuation time in underground parking spaces should be conducted, and relevant technical manuals should be developed.
Recommendation 2 — Medium- to Long-Term Measure:
Require dedicated smoke exhaust systems and smoke compartments for EV charging stations and EV-designated parking spaces in underground facilities.
Lead Agency: Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Cooperating Agencies: National Fire Agency, National Land Administration
According to the 2025 guidelines, charging stations and EV-designated parking spaces must be grouped within the same fire compartment, located at least six meters from staircases, elevators, and other vertical shafts, and situated near outer walls or driveways with good ventilation and less than 60 m from an exit.
However, high-temperature smoke from EV fires may still spread rapidly. Installing full-area smoke exhaust systems throughout the entire parking structure may be impractical. Therefore, as an initial step, it is recommended that smoke exhaust systems and smoke compartments be required specifically for areas containing EV charging stations and EV-designated parking spaces.
", "相關檔案": "停車場增設排煙設備影響滅火設備及與換氣設備合併效益評估之研究成果報告-115-01-27 Ver.2(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336816/c35b762f-e5b9-4bda-a40e-b57c4e7ec8cf.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336807", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 01:34:00 GMT", "title": "社會住宅公共空間之使用者需求與空間模式研究", "計畫主持人": "陶其駿", "協同主持人": "鄭人豪", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-04-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "綜合規劃組", "執行方式": "協同研究", "關鍵詞": "社會住宅公共空間、使用後評估、行為觀察與使用者需求、空間模式語彙", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著臺灣社會快速邁入高齡化與家庭結構多元化階段，住宅空間不再僅是滿足居住需求的場域，更是支撐社區互動與社會支持的重要基礎。社會住宅政策在推行過程中，逐漸從「量的供給」轉向「質的共居」，公共空間遂成為促進居民交流與社區凝聚的關鍵要素。本研究聚焦於台灣當代垂直型社會住宅之公共空間，關注其在高密度、少子高齡化與家庭結構轉變脈絡下，如何回應居民日常生活需求並承擔社會支持功能。從文獻與制度面釐清社會住宅公共空間之角色與應具備之空間特性，並透過實際場域之使用後評估（POE）與行為觀察，分析不同公共空間類型之使用樣態與關鍵影響因素。最後建構可供設計與政策實務運用之公共空間模式語彙與設計準則，作為未來社會住宅發包與審查之參考依據。總結研究目的為（一）分析現行垂直型社會住宅公共空間的使用現況、問題與潛力。（二）探討不同年齡層、家庭結構與族群在公共空間中的需求差異。（三）建立以使用者需求為導向的公共空間設計與管理模式。以期提升公共空間的可用性與社會效益，作為後續政策與設計規劃之依據。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究將透過國內外文獻及中央指引手冊，整理社會住宅公共空間相關理論、制度架構與設計原則，並彙整既有研究與次級資料。並以臺北市廣慈博愛園區社會住宅為主要案例，採質性個案研究法，進行現地調查、空間觀察與圖面分析，搭配系統性行為觀察、使用後評估（POE）與訪談，以掌握不同族群（高齡者、照護者、親子家庭等）之實際使用路徑、活動型態與停留特徵。最後，綜整質化資料，歸納空間特性與行為關聯，建構模式語彙與設計建議。
三、重要發現
研究結果顯示，垂直型社會住宅公共空間之使用效能，關鍵不在面積多寡或設施數量，而在於是否符合「可及性」、「可視性與透明性」、「多功能性」、「人本尺度設計」、「半公共性與過渡空間」、「社區意識與地方認同」及「活動規劃」等七項特性；同時，「日常性、可及性與順道性」對於誘發穩定使用尤為重要。本研究進一步歸納出通行節點型、社交交流型、照護支持型、學習成長型與健康休閒型等五類公共空間模式語彙，說明各類空間在垂直社區中的典型位置、服務對象與行為樣態，並揭示現行制度下設計、管理與實際使用之間的落差，特別是前期需求調查不足與缺乏系統性POE所造成之配置與營運不符。
綜合上述，本研究主張應將社會住宅公共空間視為承載日常生活與社會支持的「社會性基礎設施」，並建議在發包需求計畫書與設計審查程序中導入公共空間模式語彙與評估指標，強化前期需求調查與後續用後評估機制，並結合公私部門與社區培力，以縮小設計、管理及使用落差。研究成果除對台灣社會住宅公共空間之設計與治理提供具體操作框架，亦為未來居住行為研究與高齡共融空間之長期追蹤奠定實證基礎。
四、主要建議事項
根據本研究以廣慈社會住宅公共空間為例，針對垂直型社會住宅公共空間之使用觀察與訪談分析結果，顯示現行空間設計、管理制度與實際使用之間仍存有明顯落差。為促進公共空間融入居民日常生活、提升可用性與社會互動功能，以下分別從立即可行建議及中長期建議加以列舉。
建議一
導入公共空間模式語彙於社會住宅設計及審查程序，以建立設計指導架構：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署
協辦機關：國家住宅及都市更新中心、各級政府建築管理及相關單位
本研究歸納出五類公共空間模式（通行節點型、社交交流型、照護支持型、學習成長型、健康休閒型），建議將模式語彙納入發包需求與設計審查：要求設計團隊在平面配置與說明書標示模式類型並說明服務對象、使用時段與預期行為；於設計審查檢核表中納入七項空間特性（可及性、可視性與透明性、多功能性、人本尺度、半公共性與過渡空間、社區意識與地方認同、活動規劃），並採用五項硬體設計原則作為細部設計評估標準，促使規劃以使用者行為與日常需求為導向。
建議二
嚴格落實前期需求調查及使用後評估機制：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署
協辦機關：國家住宅及都市更新中心、各級政府建築管理及相關單位
建議將前期需求調查制度化，將住戶、鄰里與未來營運單位需求調查列為發包必備附件；並在招標文件明訂，投標團隊須以需求調查為基礎提出公共空間配置與營運計畫；評選階段將需求調查完整性、營運可行性與生命週期成本（LCC）納入實質評分，並在簽約前確認未來營運主體（取得或承接意向書或協議）；同時建立竣工後定期辦理POE與住戶滿意度回饋機制，將調查結果用於設計修正、物管契約與政策滾動修正，避免形式化公設與重複低專用空間，導向多功能、低維護與高日常性的配置。
建議三
引入公私部門資源的整合及應用，納入社區培力及共管治理：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署
協辦機關：國家住宅及都市更新中心、社會住宅主辦機關、相關物業管理單位、民間組織
將社宅公共空間定位為社會性基礎設施，從「管理導向」轉向「治理導向」。於發包前要求提出初期社區活動計畫、居民與服務團隊培訓方案及與在地組織合作策略；中央或地方應提供啟動補助，以協助社區培力並降低物管引入外部資源時的門檻；鼓勵公私協力與跨部門（內政部、地方社會局及衛福部等）政策及資源整合，使公共空間能支援多樣社會需求，如照護、社福、健康促進等多元功能，使社會住宅真正成為支撐城市社會基礎的關鍵節點。
建議四
持續推動當代台灣居住行為與需求調查及社會住宅公共空間使用後評估（POE）與高齡共融研究：長期性建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：國家住宅及都市更新中心、地方政府建築管理單位
建議由內政部建築研究所主導，將「當代台灣居住行為與需求調查」及「社會住宅公共空間使用後評估（POE）」制度化，長期蒐集系統性使用資料並建立可操作的「社宅公共空間使用效能評估架構」。透過持續追蹤與高齡共融研究，提供設計、營運與政策調整的實證基礎，確保公共空間規劃能隨住戶結構與使用型態演變而滾動修正。
", "英文摘要": "As Taiwan undergoes rapid population ageing and increasing household diversity, housing is no longer solely a locus for shelter but also a critical infrastructure for community interaction and social support. Social housing policy has been shifting from quantitative supply toward qualitative co-living, elevating the importance of public space in fostering resident interaction and community cohesion. This study focuses on the public spaces of contemporary vertical social housing in Taiwan, examining how such spaces respond to everyday resident needs and fulfill social-support functions in high-density, low-fertility, and ageing contexts. Through a review of literature and institutional guidance, combined with a field-based post-occupancy evaluation (POE) and systematic behavioral observation at the Guangci Charity Park Social Housing Complex in Taipei, the research analyzes usage patterns and key influencing factors across different public-space typologies. The study then develops a spatial pattern language and design guidelines for practical application in design and policy. The objectives are: (1) to analyze current use, problems, and potentials of public spaces in vertical social housing; (2) to investigate differences in user needs across age groups, household types, and social groups; and (3) to establish user-centred models for public-space design and management that enhance usability and social outcomes, and that can inform subsequent policy and design practice.
1.Research background
Taiwan’s demographic and family-structure shifts necessitate a reconception of social housing public space as an element of urban social infrastructure. National guidance and international literature suggest that the success of public spaces in residential settings depends less on gross area or equipment counts and more on design qualities that enable everyday use, social interaction, and informal care. This study situates vertical social housing public spaces within their institutional and theoretical contexts and uses empirical POE and behavioral observation to bridge planning intent and lived practice.
2.Research methods and procedures
The study synthesizes domestic and international literature and central government guidance documents to clarify theoretical constructs, institutional frameworks, and design principles relevant to social housing public space. Employing a qualitative case-study approach, the Guangci Charity Park Social Housing Complex in Taipei was selected as the principal field site. Empirical methods included on-site spatial inventory, plan analysis, systematic behavioral observation based on Public Space / Public Life (PSPL) methods, post-occupancy evaluation (POE), and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholder groups (older adults, caregivers, parent–child households, property managers, and officials). Qualitative data were integrated to identify relationships between spatial characteristics and user behaviours, and to derive a spatial pattern language and actionable design recommendations.
3.Key findings
The findings indicate that the efficacy of public spaces in vertical social housing is determined primarily by seven spatial characteristics—accessibility; visibility and transparency; multifunctionality; human-scale design; semi-public/transitional spaces; sense of community and place identity; and programming of activities—rather than by gross area or the sheer number of facilities. Dailyness, accessibility, and pass-by convenience (“順道性”) are particularly critical to fostering stable, regular use. The study synthesizes five representative public-space pattern types—(1) circulation-node type (e.g., lobbies, mail areas, primary entrances and arcades), (2) social-interaction type (e.g., lounge areas, semi-outdoor platforms, plazas), (3) care-support type (e.g., seating areas for older adults, companion seats near playgrounds and entrances), (4) learning-and-development type (e.g., reading rooms, multi-purpose classrooms, quiet study spaces), and (5) health-and-recreation type (e.g., lawns, walking trails, rooftop gardens, fitness facilities). These pattern types describe typical locations, target users, and behavioral modalities in vertical communities. Empirical evidence also reveals persistent gaps between design intent, management arrangements, and actual use—chiefly attributable to inadequate front-end needs assessment and the absence of systematic POE mechanisms.
4.Major recommendations
Based on the case analysis at Guangci Charity Park Social Housing and the broader literature, the study recommends treating social housing public spaces as social infrastructure that requires integrated design, management, and governance strategies. Key recommendations are summarized below; each recommendation retains the proposed lead and cooperating agencies for policy uptake.
Recommendation 1 — Introduce a spatial pattern language into social-housing design and review processes (Immediate).
Lead agency: Department of Land Administration, Ministry of the Interior.
Cooperating agencies: National Housing and Urban Regeneration Center; municipal/provincial building management authorities and related units.
Adopt the five pattern types as a common design lexicon to be required in tender documents and design submissions. Require design teams to identify and label pattern types on plans and in specifications, and to indicate target users, typical usage periods, and expected behaviours. Integrate the seven spatial characteristics into review checklists and require explicit designer responses and plan-level cross-references. Apply a set of design principles (noted in the report) as assessment criteria to ensure planning decisions are grounded in user behaviour and everyday needs rather than solely on area or equipment counts.
Recommendation 2 — Institutionalize front-end needs assessment and post-occupancy evaluation (POE) mechanisms (Immediate).
Lead agency: Department of Land Administration, Ministry of the Interior.
Cooperating agencies: National Housing and Urban Regeneration Center; municipal/provincial building management authorities and related units.
Make household, neighbourhood, and future operator needs assessments mandatory attachments in tender documents. Require bidders to base public-space layouts and operational plans on explicit needs studies. Include the completeness of needs assessment, operational feasibility, and life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis as substantive scoring criteria during procurement to reduce over-reliance on initial capital cost. Secure operator commitment (e.g., MOU) before contract signing to mitigate unclear operational responsibilities. Establish routine POE and resident satisfaction surveys after project completion to inform design corrections, contract renewals or adjustments, and iterative policy revisions. Prioritize multi-functional, low-maintenance, and high-daily-use configurations over large but under-used single-purpose amenities.
Recommendation 3 — Integrate public and private resources for community capacity building and co-governance (Medium–long term).
Lead agency: Department of Land Administration, Ministry of the Interior.
Cooperating agencies: National Housing and Urban Regeneration Center; social-housing implementing agencies; property management entities; civil society organizations.
Reposition public spaces as social infrastructure and shift from a management-centric model to a governance-oriented approach. Require proposers to include initial community activity plans, resident and service-team training, and strategies for partnering with local organizations in bidding documents. Provide seed funding or subsidies from central or local governments to support early community capacity building and reduce barriers for property managers to engage external partners. Promote cross-sectoral collaboration (housing, social welfare, public health) to enable public spaces to support caregiving, welfare delivery, and health promotion—thereby strengthening long-term community co-management and social outcomes.
Recommendation 4 — Sustain a national program of contemporary housing-behaviour monitoring and POE with an emphasis on age-friendly design (Long term).
Lead agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior.
Cooperating agencies: National Housing and Urban Regeneration Center; municipal/provincial building management authorities.
Institutionalize periodic, systematic surveys of contemporary residential behaviours and needs alongside routine social-housing POE. Develop and maintain an operational “public-space performance” evaluation framework to collect longitudinal usage data and evidence for design, operational, and policy adjustments. Emphasize ageing-inclusive research to ensure public spaces evolve with demographic and household-structure changes and to provide robust empirical foundations for future design and governance reforms.
The study contends that embedding a spatial pattern language, strengthening needs assessment and POE, promoting public–private community capacity building, and institutionalizing long-term behavioural monitoring will materially improve the usability and social value of public spaces in vertical social housing. These measures will help align design intent with lived practice and support social housing’s role as essential urban social infrastructure.
", "相關檔案": "社會住宅公共空間之使用者需求與空間模式研究(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336807/846ce90e-1199-4e89-a297-3db265b37aec.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339180", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 24 Jun 2026 02:41:00 GMT", "title": "智慧建造：基於數位雙生演算與機械手臂列印發展減碳預鑄免拆模鋼筋混凝土柱體工法之研究", "計畫主持人": "顏嘉慶", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-28", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "數位雙生、機器人、電腦輔助製造、營建自動化、鋼筋混凝土", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
建築工程營造業（AEC）正面臨全球性的數位轉型浪潮與淨零排放挑戰，同時國內亦深陷勞動力老化與缺工的結構性困境。傳統營建現場高度依賴勞力密集的木模工法，不僅施工風險高，且產生大量營建廢棄物，不利於國家永續發展目標之推動。雖然「預鑄工法」具備提升品質與降低現場人力的潛力，但現行技術受限於鋼模成本，難以應對現代建築日益複雜的客製化造型需求。為突破此瓶頸，本研究提出以「數位雙生（Digital Twin）」為核心，整合「機械手臂 3D 列印」技術，發展具備高度幾何適應性的「客製化預鑄免拆模鋼筋混凝土工法」。透過數位環境中的模擬運算引導實體製造，將傳統「以模具為中心」的生產模式轉型為「無模具數位製造」，以期達成營建自動化、精準化與減廢之目標。
二、研究方法及過程
本計畫採虛實整合研發策略，首先開發適用於大型構件之速固型水泥基材料，並於 Rhino/Grasshopper 環境中建構整合逆運動學與碰撞檢測之數位雙生系統，以確保製造路徑之精確度；繼而開發參數化殼體演算法，自動生成兼具結構內層與裝飾外層之模組化組裝介面。最終透過 3 公尺足尺柱體之實體列印與核心混凝土澆置，驗證免拆模工法之施工可行性，並完成成本效益與生命週期碳排評估。
三、重要發現
1.數位雙生之預測效益：實證顯示，透過數位雙生環境進行預模擬，能精確預測機械手臂的運動姿態與材料堆疊情形，有效解決了複雜幾何路徑規劃的
難題，大幅降低實體試誤成本。
2.免拆模工法之結構安全性：3D 列印之水泥殼體具備足夠的抗拉強度，能有效承受核心混凝土澆置時的側向壓力，無爆模或漏漿情形，成功解決了複雜
造型與結構規範之間的矛盾。
3.自動化與成本優勢：相較於傳統 CNC 木模工法，機械手臂列印工法顯著減少了模板廢料產生，且將成本重心從「勞力密集」轉移至「數位設計」，在處理高複雜度、低重複性的客製化構件時具備顯著的成本優勢。
4.碳排放挑戰：經 LCA 評估發現，現階段為確保列印材料之速固性與強度，水vii智慧建造：基於數位雙生演算與機械手臂列印發展減碳預鑄免拆模鋼筋混凝土柱體工法之研究泥與化學添加劑用量較高，導致總碳排放量高於傳統工法。此結果指出了未來技術發展的關鍵瓶頸，即「材料低碳化」之迫切性。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
研發低碳替代性列印材料與配比：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
本研究經生命週期評估（LCA）發現，現行 3D 列印混凝土為滿足速凝與堆疊強度需求，往往使用高比例水泥，導致構件隱含碳排（Embodied Carbon）偏高。為落實綠色營造，建議後續研究應鎖定以下重點：
• 低碳配比研發：優先探討使用工業副產品（如高爐石粉、飛灰、矽灰）或地質聚合物（Geopolymer）等膠結材替代部分水泥。目標在不犧牲列印性
（可擠出性、可堆疊性）的前提下，大幅降低材料碳足跡。
• 建立實務參數資料庫：彙整不同低碳配比對應的列印參數（如列印速度、層高、泵送壓力）與硬固後力學性能數據。此資料庫可提供產業界明確的參考依據，減少廠商自行試誤的成本與材料浪費，加速低碳 3D 列印技術的普及應用。
建議二
建立 3D 列印與 BIM 資料交換標準及推廣平台：中長期建議
主辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
協辦機關：中華民國全國建築師公會
本研究已驗證參數化設計端與機器人製造端串接之可行性，惟目前產業間缺乏統一的資訊交換格式，導致技術門檻過高。
• 制定本土化交換標準：建議由台灣建築中心主導，參照國際成熟標準（如英國 NBS 或新加坡 BIM 指南），制定適用於台灣營建環境的「數位製造 BIM元件資料交換標準」。明確定義列印路徑、切片參數及材料屬性在 IFC 格式中的對應欄位，解決異質軟體間資訊斷層問題。
• 建構推廣與應用平台：結合中華民國全國建築師公會的實務網絡，推廣通用型的機器人路徑輸出外掛，降低建築師進入數位製造的門檻。同時利用建築中心既有的標章制度與教育訓練體系，開設數位製造實務課程，協助從業人員無縫接軌新技術，加速產業數位轉型。
", "英文摘要": "1. Research Background and Motivation
The AEC industry faces urgent demands for digital transformation and net-zero emissions, compounded by a severe domestic labor shortage. Traditional timber formwork remains labor-intensive and wasteful, while current prefabrication methods are constrained by high mold costs, limiting architectural customization. To address these challenges, this research proposes a framework integrating ”Digital Twin” technology with ”Robotic 3D Printing” to develop a ”Customized Prefabricated Stay-in-Place (SiP) Reinforced Concrete System.” By utilizing computational simulations to guide physical fabrication, this study aims to transition to ”mold-less digital manufacturing,”thereby enhancing automation, precision, and sustainability in construction.
2. Research Methodology
This project adopted a cyber-physical approach. Initially, a rapid-setting cementitious composite suitable for large-scale printing was developed. A digital twin environment was established within Rhino/Grasshopper, integrating inverse kinematics and collision detection to ensure high-fidelity path planning. A parametric algorithm was then generated to create modular assembly interfaces. The methodology culminated in the robotic printing and casting of a full-scale, three-meter column, validating the SiP method’s feasibility, followed by cost-benefit and life cycle assessment (LCA) analyses.
3. Key Findings
1. Digital Twin Efficacy: Pre-simulation accurately predicted robotic kinematics and material behavior, effectively resolving path planning
complexities for irregular geometries and reducing trial-and-error costs.
2. Structural Integrity: The 3D-printed shell exhibited sufficient tensile strength to withstand lateral pressure during core casting without failure,
satisfying structural compliance.
3. Economic & Environmental Benefits: Compared to CNC timber formwork,robotic printing significantly reduced waste and shifted cost structures from labor to digital design, offering distinct advantages for customized components.
4. Carbon Emission Challenges: LCA results indicate that current printing materials require high cement content for stability, leading to higher carbon emissions than traditional methods, highlighting ”material decarbonization” as a critical future priority.
4. Principal Recommendations
Recommendation 1: Development of Low-Carbon Alternative Printing
Materials (Immediate)
Lead Agency: ABRI | Co-organizer: TABC
To mitigate high embodied carbon, future research must prioritize substituting cement with industrial by-products (e.g., slag, fly ash) or geopolymers without compromising printability. Establishing a practical parameter database for these low-carbon mixes will be essential for accelerating industry adoption.
Recommendation 2: Establishment of 3D Printing and BIM Data Standards
(Mid-to-Long Term)
Lead Agency: TABC | Co-organizer: National Architects Association (NAA)
To lower technical barriers, it is recommended that the TABC lead the formulation of a localized ”Digital Fabrication BIM Data Exchange Standard” (referencing global standards like NBS). This standard should define mapping for printing paths within IFC formats. Concurrently, leveraging the NAA’s network to promote robot path output plugins will facilitate the sector’s digital transformation.
", "相關檔案": "12-智慧建造：基於數位雙生演算與機械手臂列印發展減碳預鑄免拆模鋼筋混凝土柱體工法之研究(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339180/3a1badec-69cc-4bdb-8a6d-60738ce248f5.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339759", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 30 Jul 2026 02:35:00 GMT", "title": "既有建築物營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統案例實證研究", "計畫主持人": "游璧菁", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "智慧建築、既有建築、評估系統", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究源起
為促進建築與資通訊產業整合，鼓勵善用資通訊主動感知技術，使建築物於使用階段的日常營運更具智慧，於 93 年建立「智慧建築標章」制度，截至113 年 10 月底止，取得智慧建築標章與候選智慧建築證書案件數累計 1,688案。113 年研究已完成既有建築類智慧建築評估手冊(草案)，因應智慧建築標章有效期限為 5 年屆滿後，依簡化查核表查核通過後申請延續認可，有效期限5年再次屆滿者，於智慧建築標章效期屆滿後，部分設備性能衰退或生命周期屆滿，申請人須進行設備、服務更新升級情形，制定合適之既有建築物智慧建築評估系統。
確保系統的可操作性，114 年透過計畫執行抽選既有建築案例，以該(草案)進行案例試評，分析既有建築應用該評估基準之可行性及比較不同基準之差異性，確保草案可引導既有建築達成安全安心、健康舒適、節能永續、貼心便利、淨零轉型等效益，作為內政部建築研究所後續推動之參考。
為精進智慧建築產業發展、鼓勵建築導入智慧化管理與服務，內政部建築研究所於標章制度推動上，已採取二大策略：
(一)簡化取得標章建築延續認可執行機制：智慧建築標章有效期限為5年，為鼓勵已取得標章者於有效期限屆滿後，繼續申請延續認可，內政部112年1月5 日修正「智慧建築標章申請審核認可及使用作業要點」第10點第1項規定，明定已取得標章者，首次有效期限屆滿前6個月內，得由內政部指定之智慧建築標章評定專業機構，依智慧建築標章延續認可簡化查核表派員赴現場查核，通過後向內政部申請延續認可5年，大幅簡化查核項目及申請書圖文件。
(二)鼓勵既有建築申請智慧建築標章：因應依簡化查核表查核通過後，取得智慧建築標章延續認可之既有建築物，於智慧建築標章效期屆滿後，部分設備性能衰退或生命周期屆滿，申請人須進行設備、服務更新升級，制定既有建築物智慧建築評估系統，鼓勵既有建築導入智慧化，以延長建築使用階段生命週期，協助既有建築階段性達成高效、節能、低碳的目標。引導以創新的智慧建築科技應用，達到安全安心、健康舒適、節能永續、貼心便利等目標。
113年已依據2024年版智慧建築標章手冊，完成既有建築類智慧建築評估系統(草案)研訂。援此，114 年擬持續執行「既有建築物營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統案例實證研究」計畫，選取依智慧建築評估手冊2016年版基準取得候選智慧建築證書之案例至少 5 案，進行試評並提出既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之修正，作為內政部建築研究所後續推動既有建築智慧化之參考。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究採用文獻調查分析法、比較分析法、專家諮詢法等，以達成計畫目標。
(一)文獻調查分析法：本計畫將蒐集國內外既有智慧建築案例，探討依既有建築類智慧建築評估系統更新升級之成本效益、受限於既有建築結構、空間、使用條件限制、設備性能衰退等因素可能遭遇之困難、申請更新升級之誘因及經費籌措等課題之因應方式，以作為提出既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之修正之參考。
(二)比較分析法：比較國內外既有智慧建築評估方式，對既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之評估內容、分級、給分等差異內容，進行比較分析，排除既有建築條件限制，鼓勵既有建築導入智慧化，以確保既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之合理性。
(三)專家諮詢法：於提出既有建築類智慧建築評估系統階段，邀請相關專家學者針對分級評估基準進行審議，提出應修正及增刪之意見，供研究團隊參考，據以完成既有建築類智慧建築評估系統，確認評估制度之可行性。
本研究主要係提出既有建築類智慧建築評估系統修正，研提既有智慧建築評估方式，參考國內外既有建築評估方法，採用文獻調查分析法、比較分析法、專家諮詢法等，以達成計畫目標。
113年已依據2024年版智慧建築標章手冊，完成既有建築類智慧建築評估系統(草案)研訂。援此，114 年擬持續執行「既有建築物營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統案例實證研究」計畫，選取依智慧建築評估手冊 2016 年版基準取得候選智慧建築證書之案例至少 5 案，進行試評並提出既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之修正，作為內政部建築研究所後續推動既有建築智慧化之參考。
依前述提出本研究執行預期目標說明如下：
(一)既有建築物實際案例選取及基本資料分析：選取依據智慧建築評估手冊 2016 年版基準，取得候選智慧建築證書之案例至少 5 案，分析申請案件之用途、面積、樓層高度、智慧建築評估得分等特性。
(二)既有建築類智慧建築評估系統實際案例試評分析：完成以上選取5案件之試評，分析試評與原取得智慧建築標章或候選智慧建築證書之等級差異，並統計案例試評結果等級高於及低於原取得智慧建築標或候選智慧建築證書章之等級者之數量及比例；探討既有建築物營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統，為維持其原有智慧建築等級，依據其既有結構、空間、使用等基本條件、資料取得、既有系統等限制條件，應進行之既有建築智慧化改造項目。
另以未曾取得智慧建築標章或候選智慧建築證書之既有建築物，且使用用途、面積、樓層高度等基本條件與選取之試評案件條件接近之3案例進行試評，了解應用該評估基準評估於未曾取得智慧建築標章或候選智慧建築證書之既有建築物之可行性，並進行以上合計8案改造前後之效益評估比較。
(三)既有建築類智慧建築評估系統之修正建議：依據以上分析結果，修正既有建築類智慧建築評估系統，並邀請產學研專家學者召開2場專家座談會，就該系統提出建議，並參酌意見修正建議。
三、重要發現
基於台灣高達 97%的既有建築占比，本研究探討營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統的實務可行性。透過國際制度比較、指標體系修正及實際案例的試評，歸納出以下重要發現：
(一)國際既有建築智慧化評估趨勢：從「設備導向」轉向「效益展現」、「數據驅動」與「以人為本」。研究發現美國、歐盟、新加玻、日本、香港等地區，對既有建築的智慧化評估已由初期的單純節能導向，逐步進展至兼顧資訊化、自動化與使用者體驗的綜合智慧化。例如美國的 SPIRE 系統強調技術與流程的整合效益。共同趨勢在於強調「模組化導入」與「數據驅動」的動態效能監測，而非僅是靜態設施檢查。
(二)修正版評估系統具備高度的「等級鑑別度」，實證研究發現，試評的6件已取得標章或候選證書之案例中，重新評估後的智慧化等級均維持不變。證明修正後的系統在簡化流程的同時，亦能有效反映建築原有的智慧化水準，確保制度推動的穩定性。
(三)市場自發性智慧化動能顯著，未曾申請標章建築亦具備基礎實力，3件從未申請過智慧建築標章的既有建築試評案例，試評結果顯示其仍具備「銀級」或「銅級」的智慧化水準。反映出在當前 ESG 永續治理與節能政策的推動下，產業與業主已依其實際營運需求，自發性地投入智慧化升級(如BEMS系統、AI 能源管理等)，這為未來制度推廣奠定了良好的市場基礎。
四、主要建議事項
基於上述發現，本研究從政策、技術、產業等多個層面提出具體建議，以加速台灣既有建築的智慧化轉型：
(一) 政策與制度層面：建立法規與獎勵的雙軌驅動模式
⚫ 推動強制性與激勵性並行： 建議針對達一定規模的公有建築或大型商辦，在標章屆滿後強制進行智慧化檢核；同時將智慧建築改善納入「綠建築投資抵減」或提供稅賦優惠。
⚫ 連結淨零路徑：將智慧建築評估系統與「建築能效分級」及2050淨零目標串聯，透過智慧化管理達成階段性節能減碳績效。
⚫ 精進延續認可機制：建議未來在標章延續認可時，應加入「數據佐證」要求，確保智慧化設施在 5 年效期後仍能發揮實質效益。
(二) 技術與工具層面：推動數位化平台與標準化格式
⚫ 建置線上自評與申請平台：發展簡便的數位評估工具，讓管理單位能即時輸入營運數據進行等級預測，降低申請負擔。
⚫ 強化數據治理與分享：積極推動採用國內已發布的「智慧建築資料格式標準(TAICS TS-0054)」，提升跨系統整合能力，為未來的 AIoT應用打下基礎。
⚫ 導入AI預測維護：鼓勵採用預測性維修(Predictive Maintenance)與BIM 數位分身技術，將維運模式由「被動修繕」轉為「主動管理」，降低長期營運成本。
(三) 產業與市場層面：發展創新的服務商業模式
⚫ 推行「智慧建築即服務」（SBaaS）： 鼓勵產業由硬體銷售轉向租賃或訂閱模式，降低業主初期一次性投資的壓力。
⚫ 建立「智慧建築改造聯盟」： 整合技術供應商、系統整合商與金融機構，提供從診斷、設計到綠色融資的一站式解決方案。
(四) 實務執行層面：簡化流程並聚焦「功能效益」
⚫ 功能導向取代設施導向：對於既有建築評估，應著重於智慧化後的「實質功能展現」與「管理效益」。
⚫ 放寬送審圖說要求：考量舊建築圖資取得困難，應允許以現場照片、功能說明影片或系統畫面截圖作為佐證資料，並輔以現場查核確認。
(五) 人才培育與研究層面：跨領域能量提升與長期追蹤
⚫ 建立跨域學程：培養結合 ICT、建築、機電與數據分析的智慧建築專業人才。
⚫ 建置長期追蹤資料庫：建議內政部建築研究所建立長期追蹤機制，收集已導入智慧化建築的實質節能數據(如 EUI 改善率)，以作為未來修正指標與制定補助政策的科學依據。
總結而言，既有建築的智慧化不應只是單純的硬體更新，而是一場營運模式的數位轉型。透過評估系統的簡化與精進，搭配明確的政策誘因，台灣可望在提升建築資產價值的同時，也為達成國家永續與淨零碳排目標做出實質貢獻。
", "英文摘要": "I.Origin of research
In order to promote the integration of the construction and information and communication industries and encourage the use of active information and communication sensing technology to make the daily operations of buildings more intelligent during the use phase, the "Intelligent building Label" system was established in 2004. As of the end of October 2024, a total of 1,688 cases have been obtained with intelligent building labels and candidate intelligent building certificates. 2024 years of research has completed the intelligent building assessment manual (draft) for existing buildings. In view of the fact that after the validity period of the intelligent building label expires for 5 years, the applicant must apply for renewal of recognition after passing the simplified checklist. If the validity period of 5 years expires again, after the expiration of the intelligent building label, the performance of some equipment will decline or the life cycle will expire. Applicants must update and upgrade equipment and services to develop a suitable intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings.
To ensure the operability of the system, 2025 selected existing building cases through plan execution, and used the (draft) for case trial evaluation to analyze the feasibility of applying the assessment benchmark to existing buildings and compare the differences between different benchmarks to ensure that the draft can guide existing buildings to achieve safety and security, health and comfort, energy conservation and sustainability, thoughtful convenience, net-zero transformation and other benefits, and serve as a reference for the subsequent promotion of the Architecture and Building Research Institute,MOI.
In order to advance the development of the intelligent building industry and encourage buildings to introduce smart management and services, the Architecture and Building Research Institute,MOI has adopted two major strategies in promoting the marking system:
1.Simplify the implementation mechanism for the renewal of recognition of buildings with the mark: The intelligent building mark is valid for 5 years. In order to encourage those who have obtained the mark to continue to apply for renewal of recognition after the expiration of the validity period, the Ministry of the Interior amended the "Key Points for Application Review, Approval and Use of Intelligent building Marks" on January 5, 2020. It is stipulated that for those who have obtained the mark, within 6 months before the expiration of the first validity period, the intelligent building mark assessment professional organization designated by the Ministry of Interior can send personnel according to the simplified inspection form for intelligent building mark renewal accreditation. On-site inspection, after passing the application, apply to the Ministry of the Interior for renewal of recognition for 5 years, greatly simplifying the inspection items and application documents.
2. Encourage existing buildings to apply for intelligent building labels: For existing buildings that have been approved for intelligent building label renewal after passing the simplified checklist, after the validity period of the intelligent building label expires, the performance of some equipment declines or the life cycle expires. Applicants must update and upgrade equipment and services,formulate a intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings, and encourage the introduction of intelligence into existing buildings to extend the life cycle of the building in use and help existing buildings achieve the goals of high efficiency, energy saving, and low carbon in stages. Guide the application of innovative intelligent building technology to achieve goals such as safety and security, health and comfort, energy conservation and sustainability, and thoughtful convenience.
In 2024, the development of the intelligent building assessment system (draft) for existing buildings was completed based on the 2024 version of the intelligent building label manual. With this in mind, 2025 plans to continue to implement the "Case Study on the Implementation of Intelligent building Assessment System for Existing Buildings in Operation Phase" project, select at least 5 cases that have obtained candidate intelligent building certificates based on the 2016 edition of the Intelligent building Assessment Manual, conduct trial evaluations and propose modifications to the intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings, as a reference for the Architecture and Building Research Institute,MOI to subsequently promote the smartization of existing buildings.
II. Research methods and processes
This study adopts literature survey analysis, comparative analysis, and expert consultation methods to achieve the project objectives.
1. Literature Survey and Analysis Method: This project will collect existing smart building cases both domestically and internationally, exploring the cost effectiveness of upgrading existing smart building evaluation systems for existing buildings, potential difficulties encountered due to constraints such as existing building structures, space, usage conditions, and equipment performance degradation, as well as the incentives for applying for upgrades and funding strategies. This will serve as a reference for proposing revisions to the existing smart building evaluation system.
2. Comparative Analysis Method: Compare existing smart building evaluation methods both domestically and internationally, and conduct a comparative analysis of the differences in evaluation content, grading, scoring, etc., of the smart building evaluation systems for existing buildings. This involves excluding the limitations of existing building conditions and encouraging the integration of intelligence into existing buildings to ensure the rationality of the smart building evaluation system for existing buildings.
3. Expert Consultation Method: At the stage of proposing an assessment system for existing smart buildings, invite relevant experts and scholars to review the graded assessment criteria, offering suggestions for modifications and additions to provide reference for the research team. This will help complete the assessment system for existing smart buildings and confirm the feasibility of the assessment system.
This study mainly aims to revise the existing evaluation system for intelligent buildings, and to develop an evaluation method for existing intelligent buildings. It references both domestic and international building evaluation methods, using literature review and analysis, comparative analysis, and expert consultation methods to achieve the project objectives.
In 2024, based on the 2024 version of the Smart Building Certification Manual, the existing building smart building assessment system (draft) was completed. In this regard, in 2025, it is proposed to continue implementing the "Empirical Research on the Introduction of Smart Building Assessment Systems in the Operation Stage of Existing Buildings" plan, selecting at least 5 cases that have obtained candidate smart building certificates based on the 2016 version of the Smart Building Assessment Manual for trial assessment and proposing modifications to the existing building smart building assessment system as a reference for the Ministry of the Interior's Institute of Building Research to promote the smartization of existing buildings.
Based on the above, the expected objectives of this research are as follows:
1. Selection of actual cases of existing buildings and analysis of basic data: The selection is based on the 2016 edition of the Intelligent building Assessment Manual, and at least 5 cases that have obtained candidate intelligent building certificates are analyzed. The application cases are analyzed in terms of use,area, floor height, intelligent building assessment score and other characteristics.
2. Analysis of the actual case trial evaluation of the intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings: Complete the trial assessment of the 5 cases selected above, analyze the difference between the trial assessment and the original grade of the intelligent building label or candidate intelligent building certificate, and count the number and proportion of case trial evaluation results higher and lower than the original grade of the intelligent building standard or candidate intelligent building certificate; explore the introduction of the intelligent building assessment system in the operation stage of the existing building. In order to maintain its original intelligent building grade, based on its existing structure, space, use and other basic conditions, data acquisition, existing systems and other restrictions, it should be An ongoing smart renovation project for existing buildings.
In addition, 3 cases of existing buildings that have not obtained the Intelligent building Label or Candidate Intelligent building Certificate, and whose basic conditions such as usage, area, floor height, etc. are close to the conditions of the selected trial evaluation cases were used for trial evaluation to understand the feasibility of applying this evaluation benchmark to existing buildings that have not obtained the Intelligent building Label or Candidate Intelligent building Certificate, and conduct a comparison of the benefits before and after the renovation of the above 8 cases in total.
3. Recommendations for the revision of the intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings: Based on the above analysis results, the intelligent building assessment system for existing buildings is revised, and experts and scholars from industry, academia and research are invited to hold two expert symposiums to put forward suggestions on the system and revise the suggestions based on the opinions.
III. Key Findings
Given that up to 97% of existing buildings in Taiwan are in place, this study explores the practical feasibility of implementing a smart building assessment system during the operational phase. Through international system comparisons, indicator system revisions, and trial evaluations of real cases, the following key findings were summarized:
1. International trends in smart building assessments for existing buildings: The focus has shifted from "equipment-oriented" to "benefit-oriented," "data driven," and "human-centered." The study found that in countries and regions like the U.S., EU, Singapore, Japan, and Hong Kong, smart building assessments for existing buildings have gradually advanced from early energy-saving-oriented approaches to comprehensive smart assessments that also consider informatization, automation, and user experience. For example, the U.S. SPIRE system emphasizes the integrated benefits of technology and processes. A common trend is emphasizing "modular implementation" and "data-driven" dynamic performance monitoring, rather than just static facility inspections.
2. The revised assessment system has a high "grade distinguishability." Empirical research found that in six trial evaluation cases of buildings that had already obtained badges or were candidates for certification, the smart building grade remained unchanged after re-evaluation. This proves that the revised system can effectively reflect the original smart level of buildings while simplifying the process, ensuring the stability of system implementation.
3. The market shows significant spontaneous momentum for smart upgrades.
Buildings that have never applied for certification also possess fundamental capabilities. Among three trial evaluation cases of existing buildings that had never applied for smart building badges, the results still showed a "Silver" or "Bronze" smart level. This reflects that, under the current push for ESG governance and energy-saving policies, industries and building owners have proactively invested in smart upgrades (such as BEMS systems, AI energy management, etc.) according to their actual operational needs, laying a solid market foundation for future system promotion.
IV. Main Recommendations
Based on the above findings, this study proposes specific recommendations from multiple perspectives, including policy, technology, and industry, to accelerate the smart transformation of existing buildings in Taiwan:
1. Policy and Institutional Level: Establish a dual-track regulatory and incentive driven model
• Promote Mandatory and Incentive Measures Together: It is recommended that public buildings of a certain scale or large commercial offices undergo mandatory smart assessments once their certifications expire; at the same time, smart building improvements should be included in the 'Green Building Investment Tax Credit' or receive tax incentives.
• Connect with Net Zero Pathways: Integrate the smart building assessment system with 'Building Energy Efficiency Ratings' and the 2050 net-zero targets, achieving phased energy-saving and carbon reduction performance through smart management.
• Improve Certification Renewal Mechanisms: In the future, certification renewals should include 'data verification' requirements to ensure that smart facilities continue to deliver real benefits after the 5-year validity period.
2. Technology and Tools Level: Promote digital platforms and standardized formats
• Build Online Self-Assessment and Application Platforms: Develop simple digital assessment tools to allow management units to input operational data in real time for level predictions, reducing the burden of application.
• Strengthen Data Governance and Sharing: Actively promote the adoption of the domestically issued 'Smart Building Data Format Standard (TAICS TS-0054)', enhancing cross-system integration capabilities and laying the groundwork for future AIoT applications.
• Implement AI Predictive Maintenance: Encourage the use of predictive maintenance and BIM digital twin technologies, shifting operational modes from 'reactive repairs' to 'proactive management' and lowering long-term operating costs.
3. Industry and Market Level: Develop innovative service business models
• Promote 'Smart Building as a Service' (SBaaS): Encourage the industry to shift from hardware sales to leasing or subscription models, reducing owners' upfront investment pressure.
• Establish a 'Smart Building Renovation Alliance': Integrate technology providers, system integrators, and financial institutions to offer one-stop solutions from diagnostics, design to green financing.
4. Practical Implementation Level: Simplify processes and focus on 'functional benefits'
• Function-Oriented Instead of Facility-Oriented: Evaluations for existing buildings should focus on the 'actual functional performance' and 'management benefits' after smart upgrades.
• Relax Documentation Requirements: Considering the difficulty in obtaining plans for old buildings, allow on-site photos, functional explanation videos, or system screenshots as supporting evidence, supplemented by on-site inspections for verification.
5. Talent Development and Research Aspect: Cross-Disciplinary Enhancement and Long-Term Tracking
• Establish cross-disciplinary programs: Train smart building professionals by integrating ICT, architecture, mechanical and electrical engineering, and data analytics.
• Build a long-term tracking database: It is recommended that the Architecture and Building Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior set up a long term tracking mechanism to collect actual energy-saving data (such as EUI improvement rates) from buildings that have adopted smart technologies, to serve as a scientific basis for future adjustments to standards and subsidy policies.
In summary, the smart upgrade of existing buildings shouldn’t just be a simple hardware update but a digital transformation of operational models. By simplifying and refining the evaluation system and pairing it with clear policy incentives, Taiwan can not only enhance the value of building assets but also make a tangible contribution toward national sustainability and net-zero carbon goals.
", "相關檔案": "114年既有建築物營運階段導入智慧建築評估系統案例實證研究-成果報告20260724(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339759/96a9d467-e77c-4c73-a6ad-8c2c0126a162.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339762", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 23 Jul 2026 03:23:00 GMT", "title": "運用人工智慧物聯網創新技術提升建築室內環境品質之研究", "計畫主持人": "陳振誠", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "智慧建築、人工智慧物聯網、建築室內環境品質、淨零碳排放、健康舒適", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
因應國家發展委員會111年3月發布「臺灣2050淨零排放政策路徑藍圖」，總統府「國家氣候變遷委員會」永續綠生活之願景。113年行政院國家發展委員會公布「國家發展計畫」（114至117年）擬定八大施政目標，其中「創新經濟智慧國家」與「綠色成長與2050淨零轉型」策略，揭露以人工智慧(AI)來形塑「淨零永續綠生活」，打造「健康近零碳建築」為達成目標，本所將2050淨零排放路徑目標與納入智慧建築推動工作等，引領我國相關產業朝向健康智慧台灣及淨零轉型。智慧建築評估手冊評估指標項目，其中「健康舒適指標」之「環境健康」、「節能管理指標」之「節能技術」及「智慧創新指標」之「智慧創新設計手法、設備或系統」等項目可具體提升智慧建築室內環境品質與節能效益，若能運用AIoT創新技術結合室內環境品質感知與監測及連動控制，如：室內環境品質(Indoor Environment Quality, IEQ)智慧感測、人員密度偵測感控、室內空氣環境、室內溫熱環境、室內光環境、室內聲學環境或大數據ICT雲端應用管理等技術，透過善用AIoT結合室內環境品質技術進行「智慧健康室內環境品質評估」，將可進一步擴大產業發展。然而，「健康舒適」與「節能效益」議題平衡牽涉範圍甚廣，其評估方法眾多，國際上為達成淨零與健康福祉，積極發展人工智慧物聯網室內環境品質技術，提倡室內健康近零碳之整體環境設計(例如，AI預測室內空氣污染物逸散模式、智慧混合式通風系統、整合IEQ數據類神經網絡與決策樹運算技術、AIoT節能管理技術、數位雙生演算可視化管理等)，本研究探討透過整合實務技術於人工智慧預測與連動控制，打造智慧建築健康近零碳室內環境，引導臺灣發展人工智慧物聯網與具健康近零碳之智慧建築產業應用技術。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究的目的是探討智慧建築設施導入人工智慧物聯網應用的可行性，隨著全球重視人工智慧之算力與基礎設備設施建置，智慧建築產業需透過技術創新來提升居住健康舒適品質與淨零減碳效益。本研究將透過文獻蒐集、專家諮詢會議、案例數據演算..等，分析智慧建築設施導入人工智慧物聯網在提升建築室內環境品質的可行性，為我國政府推動物聯網、大數據及人工智慧技術在建築中的應用提供依據。
本研究成果以召開專家工作會議邀請對智慧化建築、建築設備及智慧化技術、AIoT、產業技術、政策等方面之專家學者，進行如何應用人工智慧物聯網及AI模型提出建議與流程討論，加強本研究內容之參考依據，說明研究案執行的成效、進度及所遭遇的問題，可有效聚焦與提供AI應用為參考。
三、重要發現
針對運用人工智慧物聯網創新技術提升建築室內環境品質，（1）國內外運用人工智慧物聯網創新技術提升建築室內環境品質資料蒐集分析；（2）建築物導入人工智慧物聯網提升建築室內環境品質技術之可行性評估；（3）運用人工智慧物聯網之創新技術提升智慧建築室內環境品質效益分析；（4）運用人工智慧物聯網提升建築室內環境品質評估基準建議。
研究成果針對三類不同具有人工智慧物聯網之建築場域（教育空間、小型辦公場域、商業辦公建築）進行感測數據與AI模型進行系統分析：（1）具備完整空氣品質監測與新風控制裝置之空間，其室內 CO₂ 濃度與 PM2.5 濃度能維持在標準範圍內，顯示即時換氣控制對健康環境具有顯著正面效益；（2）搭配時序型資料庫與能耗計量裝置之場域，可有效追蹤用電趨勢與尖離峰負載，有助於後續智慧節能模型之建置；（3）導入 BIM 平台進行設備定位與維運管理，對於既有建築提升能源效率與維修效率具有潛在成效，並能支援多系統協同的能源調度策略；（4）AIoT 平台之情境控制與自動化能力，可依據不同情境與空氣品質特徵條件進行多系統設備之連動協調，展現出人工智慧物聯網之效益潛能。
四、結論與建議
(一)、研究結論
1.研究導入人工智慧技術與智慧建築相關設備應用與整合，未來發展應更進一步強化系統間的協調聯動與資料整合能力，研究參考國內台灣資通產業標準協會與台灣智慧建築協會所共同制訂之TAICS TS-0054及 TS-0022格式標準與TS-0036資安標準，在人工智慧物聯網所牽涉之設備資通訊，應可參考標準格式與資安要求作為資訊轉換使用。現階段多數智慧建築場域已具備基本的環境感測與自動控制功能，例如在智慧建築健康舒適指標與節能管理指標等已具有導入人工智慧評估技術之要求，然而各系統間（如空調、新風換氣、能源管理..等）多為獨立系統邊緣運作後傳輸至智慧建築管理平台決策運作，對於事件發生之即時跨系統智慧決策與預測預防等決策效率較為無法處理。因此，推動設備通訊協定標準化與AI平台化整合，導入AIoT平台以串聯感測、控制與分析功能，虛實整合提升建築管理智慧化程度。
2.本研究導入人工智慧物聯網技術對於提升室內環境品質，透過即時資料分析與AI預測模型，建立之數值運算程序與健康效率評估基準模型，讓AIoT 系統能根據居住者活動、環境變化與歷史趨勢，自動調整通風、溫濕度與光照條件，提供動態且個人化的舒適環境，同時兼顧能源效率。研究透過IoT之大數據量與多層次AI演算模型對「室內環境品質」之「空氣與溫熱因子」及「能源監控數據」進行演算其「因子特徵」與「決策排序」，作為智慧建築之預測及決策決定，進一步將 AI 技術在建築領域的場域驗證與應用模組化開發，加強其在實務運營中的可行性與穩定性，實現以使用者為中心且兼顧永續發展的室內環境品質提升策略。
3.研究提出透過AI 技術演算之「健康效率」評估基準模型，以使用者之「健康舒適度」與「換氣設備能耗」對應「啟動AIOT設備情境事件時間」作為多層次因子「健康效率」決策基準模型，在評估上可依據空間之「健康效率時間數值」為基準，動態滾動方式即時評估整體環境之健康x能耗最適模型，作為未來導入人工智慧物聯網創新技術提升建築室內環境品質之參考。
(二)、主要建議事項
建議一、AIoT導入智慧建築標章評估系統可擴大增加評定項目與應用範圍，並系統連結協同評估「健康x節效」共伴效益，達成智慧健康近零碳建築目的：立即可行建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 財團法人台灣建築中心
目前AIoT導入智慧建築標章評估系統著重於「建築用電管理」與「空調效能」及「室內環境感測與連動」..等，可進一步將AIoT相關設施設備進一步整合，例如，AI運算算力設備與環境感測及能源管理決策等系統整合，並輔以邊緣運算及算力資料擷取交換等作為「智慧決策與管理平台」，本研究以實際案場之「室內空氣監測」搭配「空調」與「新風換氣」設備及「能源監控平台」，進行可動態即時運算之「健康效率」模式平台算力計算，可供智慧建築導入AIoT技術提升建築室內環境品質與能效目的。
建議二、以使用者為中心運用AIoT至智慧建築環境，建構AI算力技術整合平台並應用於智慧建築創新技術之發展：立即可行建議
主辦機關： 內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 財團法人台灣建築中心
配合行政院「AI新十大建設」國家政策，將AIoT導入智慧建築環境，以使用者為中心運用AIoT創新技術結合室內環境品質感知與監測及連動控制，如：室內環境品質(Indoor Environment Quality, IEQ)智慧感測、人員密度偵測感控、室內空氣環境、室內溫熱環境、室內光環境、室內聲學環境或大數據ICT雲端應用管理等技術，透過AIoT結合室內環境品質技術進行「智慧健康近零碳建築算力技術」，將可進一步擴大產業發展。「健康舒適」與「節能效益」議題平衡牽涉範圍甚廣，其評估方法眾多，未來可積極發展人工智慧物聯網室內環境品質技術，提倡室內健康近零碳之整體環境設計(例如，AI預測室內空氣污染物逸散模式、智慧混合式通風系統、整合IEQ數據類神經網絡與決策樹運算技術、AIoT節能管理技術、數位雙生演算可視化管理等)。
", "英文摘要": "This study explores the feasibility of integrating Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) applications into smart building facilities. As global attention increasingly focuses on AI computing power and infrastructure development, the smart building industry must adopt technological innovations to enhance indoor environmental quality (IEQ), occupant health and comfort, and achieve net-zero carbon emission goals.
Through literature review, expert consultation meetings, and case-based data analysis, this research examines how AIoT integration can effectively improve the indoor environmental quality of smart buildings. The findings aim to provide a reference for the Taiwanese government in promoting the application of IoT, big data, and AI technologies within the building sector.Specifically, the study includes:(1) a comprehensive review of domestic and international practices employing AIoT technologies to enhance building IEQ;(2) a feasibility assessment of AIoT integration in building systems for IEQ improvement;(3) an analysis of performance benefits derived from innovative AIoT-based smart building applications; and (4) recommendations for establishing evaluation criteria for AIoT-enabled indoor environmental quality enhancement in smart buildings.
", "相關檔案": "運用人工智慧物聯網創新技術提升建築室內環境品質之研究-成果報告書(V4)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339762/73124617-7323-4611-83f2-54586502fb5e.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339752", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 22 Jul 2026 09:07:00 GMT", "title": "綠建築與建築能效評估基準簡化及合理性研究", "計畫主持人": "嚴佳茹", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "綠建築、建築能效、近零碳建築、低碳建築", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
因應國家發展委員會 111 年 3 月 30 日發布之「臺灣 2050 淨零排放路徑及策略總說明」，總統府「國家氣候變遷委員會」淨零路徑，本部負責淨零建築路徑規劃，為落實 2050 淨零建築政策目標，本部於 112 年 5 月 31 日發布「綠建築標章及建築能效標示申請審核認可及使用作業要點」，本所分別函頒 2022 年版「綠建築評估手冊-建築能效評估系統(EEWH-BERS)」與 2024 年版「建築能效評估手冊(BERS)」，以作為建築能效評估之基準及方法。
現行綠建築評估手冊之基本型(EEWH-BC)及住宿類(EEWH-RS)，於建築能效標示制度實施之初，雖已與綠建築標章制度接軌，然而，因建築能效政策發展與版本更新時效之差異，現行 BC 及 RS 兩本手冊與 BERS 手冊，在計算公式、評估標準、再生能源優惠上有不少出入，恐造成綠建築標章及建築能效標示出現評估基準不一致之現象，亟需整體重新檢視並檢討修正，以利綠建築標章及建築能效標示兩制度能具有一致性之評估基準。
另一方面，我國推動綠建築多年，許多永續綠建築設計理念已成為全民共識，並已納入相關規範，例如:污水及垃圾減量、地下污水管設施等，應進一步檢視我國綠建築標章 9 項指標與相關規範重複檢討之必要性，以利簡化流程，提升審查效率。另有關鳥類因誤撞窗戶玻璃造成傷亡之消息頻傳，顯示窗殺問題已對生態造成影響，亟需針對鳥類友善議題進行研議，以利維護基地內各種生物之棲地環境。
本研究將蒐集相關案例，並試算綠建築標章日常節能指標之綠建築分項評估法及建築能效評估法之差異，採用綠建築評估手冊直接外部引用 BERS 手冊之合理性，調和並簡化 BC 及 RS 兩本手冊內容，並提出消除評估差異之合理方法，達成綠建築標章及建築能效標示兩制度完美接軌之目的。
二、研究方法與過程
以綠建築標章日常節能指標之建築物外殼節能效率、空調系統節能效率及室內照明系統節能效率計算建築能源效率，評定建築能效等級，由高至低依序
分為第1 至 7 級，以作為評定建築能效等級之方法。
本計畫以辦公建築與政府官廳為對象，透過建築業界對建築外殼、空調、照明等被動式節能設計及主動式節能技術之成本調查，分析「建築外殼節能設計效率EEV」、「空調系統設計效率 EAC」、「照明節能設計效率 EL」高低水準的成本，並與新建建築能效標示系統(BERSn)之能效得分比對，以找出建築能效等級設計之投資成本效益，並依此提出有效推動近零碳建築之策略。
三、研究內容
(一)蒐集申請新建建築物之綠建築標章及建築能效評估實際案例，檢討現行綠建築評估手冊日常節能指標之綠建築分項評估法及建築能效評估法之差異
性，並進行試算。
(二)蒐集目前與綠建築標章 9 項指標相關之法規政策，彙整已有規範的指標內容，探討其重複檢討之必要性，並進行簡化可行性分析。
(三)邀集相關單位針對鳥類友善進行研議修正綠建築評估手冊相關內容。
(四)針對試算結果分析其差異及合理性，研提評估方法之簡化及修正建議，並編修下一版本之 EEWH-BC 及 RS 手冊草案。
四、重要成果
(一)完成綠建築分項評估法及建築能效評估法之實際案例蒐集及進行試算，並檢討其差異性。
(二)完成綠建築 9 項指標及鳥類友善相關法規政策之蒐集與分析，提出指標簡化建議(草案)。
五、主要建議事項
建議一(立即可行建議)
正式啟動 EEWH-BC2026、EEWH-RS2026、EEWH-GF2026 三手冊之專家審查、公開閱覽、公告作業
主辦機關:內政部建築研究所
協辦機關:內政部建築研究所
建議二(立即可行建議)
修改「綠建築標章及建築能效標示申請審核認可及使用作業要點」與「建築蘊含碳排標示申請審核認可及使用作業要點」，合併成為綠建築標章、建築
能效、低蘊含碳三軌合一的作業要點
主辦機關:內政部建築研究所
協辦機關: 內政部建築研究所
建議三(立即可行建議)
指定評定機構應依據綠建築標章、建築能效、低蘊含碳三軌合一的制度，調整評定委員會組織、收費機制、簡化申請文件。
主辦機關:綠建築標章指定評定機構
指導機關:內政部建築研究所
", "英文摘要": "Research Background
In response to the “Taiwan’s Pathway to Net-Zero Emissions in 2050” released by the National Development Council on March 30, 2022, and the net-zero roadmap promulgated by the Presidential Office’s “National Council for Sustainable Development,” the Ministry is responsible for planning the pathway toward net-zero buildings. To implement the 2050 net-zero building policy, the Ministry issued the “Operational Guidelines for the Application, Review, Accreditation, and Use of the Green Building Label and Building Energy Efficiency Rating” on May 31, 2023. In addition, the Institute released the 2022 edition of the “Green Building Evaluation Manual—Building Energy Efficiency Evaluation System (EEWH-BERS)” and the 2024 edition of the “Building Energy Efficiency Evaluation Manual (BERS),” which serve as the basis and methodology for building energy efficiency assessment.
Although the Basic Category (EEWH-BC) and Residential Category (EEWH-RS) of the current Green Building Evaluation Manuals were aligned with the Green Building Label system during the initial implementation of the Building Energy Efficiency Rating system, inconsistencies have subsequently emerged due to differences in the development and version update cycles of building energy policies. Substantial discrepancies now exist between the BC/RS manuals and the BERS manual regarding calculation formulas, assessment criteria, and renewable energy incentives. These inconsistencies risk producing divergent evaluation outcomes between the Green Building Label and the Building Energy Efficiency Rating, thus necessitating a comprehensive review and revision to ensure consistency across both systems.
Meanwhile, after years of promoting green buildings in Taiwan, many concepts of sustainable green building design have become widely accepted and incorporated into relevant regulations—for example, wastewater and solid waste reduction, and underground sewage piping requirements. There is therefore an urgent need to examine the potential redundancy between the nine indicators of the Green Building Label and existing regulations, with the aim of streamlining procedures and improving review efficiency. In addition, the increasing number of reported bird collisions with building glazing highlights a growing ecological concern. The issue of bird-friendly design requires further study to ensure better protection of habitat conditions for various species within building sites.
This research will collect relevant cases and perform trial calculations comparing the Green Building Label’s daily energy-saving indicator evaluation method with the Building Energy Efficiency evaluation method. It will assess the feasibility of directly referencing the BERS manual within the Green Building Evaluation Manual, harmonize and simplify the contents of the BC and RS manuals, and propose practical approaches to eliminate existing assessment discrepancies. The ultimate objective is to achieve complete alignment between the Green Building Label system and the Building Energy Efficiency Rating system.
Research Methods and Procedures
This study employs the Green Building Label’s daily energy-saving indicators—namely, the energy-saving efficiency of the building envelope, the energy-saving efficiency of air[1]conditioning systems, and the energy-saving efficiency of indoor lighting systems—to calculate building energy performance. The Building Energy Efficiency Rating is assigned from Level 1 to Level 7, in descending order of efficiency.
The project focuses on office buildings and government facilities. Through cost surveys conducted in the architecture and construction industry on passive energy-saving strategies (e.g., building envelope, shading) and active energy-saving technologies (e.g., air-conditioning, lighting), the research analyzes the cost differences associated with varying performance levels of “Envelope Energy Efficiency Value (EEV),” “Air[1]Conditioning System Efficiency (EAC),” and “Lighting Energy Efficiency (EL).” These results are compared with the energy performance scores of the New Building Energy Efficiency Rating System (BERSn). Based on this comparison, the study identifies the cost-effectiveness of different design levels and proposes strategies for effectively promoting nearly zero-carbon buildings.
Research Content
(1) Collect actual cases of new building applications for the Green Building Label and the Building Energy Efficiency evaluation. Review differences between the Green Building Label’s daily energy-saving indicator method and the Building Energy Efficiency evaluation method, and perform trial calculations.
(2) Collect existing regulations and policies related to the nine indicators of the Green Building Label. Summarize indicators already governed by existing regulations and analyze the necessity of repeated review as well as the feasibility of streamlining.
(3) Convene relevant agencies and experts to discuss and review revisions to bird-friendly content within the Green Building Evaluation Manual.
(4) Based on trial calculation results, analyze discrepancies and assess their validity. Propose recommendations for simplifying and revising assessment methodologies and prepare draft revisions for the next versions of the EEWH-BC and EEWH-RS manuals.
Major Results
(1) Completed collection of actual cases and trial calculations comparing the Green Building Label’s sub-item evaluation method with the Building Energy Efficiency evaluation method, and reviewed the associated discrepancies.
(2) Completed compilation and analysis of regulations related to the nine indicators of the Green Building Label and bird-friendly measures, and proposed draft recommendations for indicator simplification.
Key Recommendations
Recommendation 1 (Immediately Feasible)
Formally initiate the expert review, public consultation, and announcement procedures for the EEWH-BC 2026, EEWH-RS 2026, and EEWH-GF 2026 manuals.
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Supporting Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Recommendation 2 (Immediately Feasible)
Revise the “Operational Guidelines for the Application, Review, Accreditation, and Use of the Green Building Label and Building Energy Efficiency Rating” and the “Operational Guidelines for the Application, Review, Accreditation, and Use of Embodied Carbon Labeling.” Merge these into a unified guideline integrating the three tracks of Green Building Label, Building Energy Efficiency, and Low Embodied Carbon.
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Supporting Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Recommendation 3 (Immediately Feasible)
Require designated assessment institutions to align their review committee structure, fee mechanisms, and application documentation requirements with the integrated three[1]track system for Green Building Label, Building Energy Efficiency, and Low Embodied Carbon.
Lead Agency: Designated Green Building Label Assessment Institutions
Supervisory Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
", "相關檔案": "綠建築與建築能效評估基準簡化及合理性研究成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339752/8a1ef1e2-977d-45e9-a4bd-bc1d720ccf20.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339751", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 22 Jul 2026 07:46:00 GMT", "title": "淨零建築路徑減碳目標及成效評估之研究", "計畫主持人": "黃國倉", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "環境控制組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "建築規模成長、溫室氣體排放、住商部門、建築節能", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
我國於112年通過《氣候變遷因應法》，並設定2050年達成全國淨零碳排放的目標。為實現此目標，國家發展委員會提出2050淨零路徑，內政部負責淨零建築路徑規劃，淨零建築已成為住商部門（即住宅部門及商業部門，其中商業為服務業）減碳之重要策略之一。內政部建築研究所於110年推出「建築能效評估系統」（BERS），作為淨零建築評估的基礎，並由公有建築帶頭做起，引導民間建築跟進，作為推廣的起點與示範。為達總統府「國家氣候變遷委員會」主軸-淨零路徑之規劃，為了確立淨零建築路徑減碳目標與評估成效，建立一個能夠同步考量氣候變遷及住商部門建築規模成長的全國性住商溫室氣體排放基線模型，是重要的參考依據。此模型需持續滾動更新，以正確提供作為住商部門減碳目標的設定與成效評估。基於此基線模型，本研究將確立2050年前推動淨零建築的分階段減碳目標情境推估，並評估各階段目標下其預期的減碳效果與成本效益，最終提出淨零建築溫室氣體減量策略的完整分析草案。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究係針對我國住商部門溫室氣體排放量推估模式之檢討與持續滾動更新推估模式，同時考量未來氣候之變遷、住商部門建築未來規模成長等因子，進行我國住商部門能源消耗與碳排放量之分析及預測。並利用滾動更新建立之住商部門溫室氣體排放量基線(BAU)模型進行各策略減碳情境之模擬，以分析可能之減碳量，再依據過去文獻上有關各策略減碳成本效益之研究成果，據以計算所需之總成本以為政策推行之參考。最後，本研究將彙整上述之研究成果，提出住商部門淨零建築路徑溫室氣體減量策略與措施(草案)。本計畫之研究目的有以下四點：
1.蒐集各國淨零建築路徑的溫室氣體減量目標及相關政策。
2.建立住商部門至2050年全國建築規模成長推估模型。
3.應用最新之能源相關數據滾動更新住商部門碳排放基線模型，以作為達成既定的減碳目標下減碳效益評估基礎。
4.研提淨零建築路徑溫室氣體減量策略與措施(草案)，並分析其效益。
三、重要發現
1.本研究發展住商建築之未來成長模型，住宅部分至2030、2040與2050年時，全國住宅總樓地板面積分別為1,492百萬m2、1,550百萬
m2與1,508百萬m2，相較2024年分別成長5.05%、9.14%與6.24%。
2.服務業部分，其全國服務業之總樓地板面積至2030、2040與2050年時，分別成長為359百萬m2、428百萬m2與501百萬m2，相較2024年分別成長
11.99%、33.48%與56.38%。
3.住宅部門至2030、2040與2050年時，同步考量電力排碳係數下降後之結果，其溫室氣體排放量基線分別為27.33百萬公噸CO2e、28.91百萬公噸CO2e與28.73百萬公噸CO2e，相較2005年，總溫室氣體排放量之增加率分別為-4.91%、0.59%與-0.04%。
4.商業部門至2030、2040與2050年時，同步考量電力排碳係數下降後之結果，其溫室氣體排放量基線分別為25.16百萬公噸CO2e、30.08百萬公噸CO2e與35.41百萬公噸CO2e，相較2005年，總溫室氣體排放量之增加率分別為-12.38%、4.76%與23.33%。
5.在導入綠建築、建築能效法治化以及電力排碳係數下降之影響下，至2050年整個住商部門基期年(2005年)相比，總減碳量為17.79MtCO2e，其溫室氣
體排放總量較基期年(2005年)相比減少28.48%。
6.本計畫最後提出我國淨零建築路徑溫室氣體減量策略與措施(草案)，包括八大減碳策略與行動方案。
四、主要建議事項
建議一：研究氣候變遷對住商部門溫室氣體排放之影響：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：國家發展委員會
氣候變遷導致環境持續高溫化，使都會區的都市熱島效應日益加劇，其對建築碳排放的影響主要反映在空調能耗的增加上。目前，空調系統耗能約占住宅建築全年用電量的20-30%，服務業建築則有的高達50%以上。然而，現行住宅與商業部門的減碳效益評估多未充分納入未來氣候升溫的影響，因而可能高估各項策略的實際減碳成效。由於減碳目標之達成係以各部門最終溫室氣體排放量相較於2005年基期之減量比例為評估基準，未來氣候變化勢必將影響其達標情形。因此，建議在進行減碳效益評估與碳排基線推估時，應同步考量氣候變化情境，評估其對能耗與碳排放的潛在衝擊。此將可使住商部門之溫室氣體排放與減碳量推估模型更貼近實際情況，並有助於制定更具氣候適應性的減碳策略。
具體作法：委託研究有關未來氣候對住商部門溫室氣體排放與減碳量之影響。
建議二：研發建築能效之快速評估法：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
有鑑於我國已提出2035年新的減碳目標，亟需加速推動減碳作為。借鏡歐盟經驗，為提升整體減碳成效，可考慮針對能效低於一定水準的老舊建築，優先進行翻新，使其達到高能效等級，並以滾動檢討的方式，逐年推動能效較差之建築進行節能改造，加速建築部門的減碳進程。為有效辨識既有建築物之能效等級並提升更新速度，面對龐大的既有建築數量，亟需建立一套快速且具公信力的能效評估與診斷機制，以全面加速老舊建築能效提升的推廣。
具體作法：委託研究建築能效等級之簡易評估方法。
", "英文摘要": "1. Research Background
This project aims to support Taiwan’s transition toward the 2050 national net-zero carbon emissions goal established under the Climate Change Response Act (2023). In alignment with the National Development Council’s 2050 Net-Zero Pathway, the Ministry of the Interior is responsible for formulating the net-zero building pathway, recognizing net-zero buildings as a key carbon-reduction strategy for the residential and commercial sectors. Since 2021, the Architecture and Building Research Institute has implemented the Building Energy Rating System (BERS) as the foundation for net-zero building evaluation, with public buildings serving as early adopters to guide broader market participation.
To ensure effective planning and assessment of the national net-zero pathway, this project establishes a nationwide baseline model for greenhouse gas emissions in the residential and commercial building sectors. The model incorporates both climate change impacts and projected growth in building floor area and will be regularly updated to support accurate target-setting and performance evaluation. Building on this baseline, the project developed staged carbon-reduction scenarios for net-zero buildings through 2050, assessing their expected mitigation outcomes and cost-effectiveness, and produce a comprehensive draft strategy for greenhouse gas reduction in the building sector.
2. Research Methods and Process
This study focuses on reviewing and updating Taiwan’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emission estimation model for the residential and commercial sectors. The updated model incorporates projected growth in building stock to analyze and forecast energy consumption and carbon emissions in these sectors. Using the baseline (BAU) GHG emission model, the study simulated various carbon-reduction strategy scenarios to estimate potential emission reductions. Based on existing literature on the cost-effectiveness of different mitigation strategies, the study further calculates the total required costs to support policy planning. Finally, the research integrated these findings to propose a draft set of GHG mitigation strategies and measures for the net-zero building pathway in the residential and commercial sectors.
The objectives of this project are as follows:
1.To collect and review GHG reduction targets and related policies from international net-zero building pathways.
2.To develop a projection model for national building stock growth in the residential and commercial sectors through 2050.
3.To apply the latest energy-related data to continuously update the baseline carbon-emission model, providing a foundation for assessing mitigation
effectiveness under established reduction targets.
4.To propose a draft set of GHG mitigation strategies and measures for the net-zero building pathway and analyze their expected effectiveness.
3. Key Findings
(1)This study developed a future growth model for residential and commercial buildings. For the residential sector, the total national residential floor area is projected to reach 1,492 million m², 1,550 million m², and 1,508 million m² by 2030, 2040, and 2050, respectively—representing growth of 5.05%, 9.14%, and 6.24% compared with 2024.
(2)For the commercial sector, the total national service-industry floor area is projected to increase to 359 million m², 428 million m², and 501 million m² by 2030, 2040, and 2050, respectively—growth of 11.99%, 33.48%, and 56.38% relative to 2024.
(3)Considering the projected decline in electricity carbon emission factors, the baseline GHG emissions in the residential sector will reach 27.33 MtCO₂e, 28.91 MtCO₂e, and 28.73 MtCO₂e by 2030, 2040, and 2050. Compared with 2005, these represent changes of –4.91%, +0.59%, and –0.04%, respectively.
(4)For the commercial sector, baseline GHG emissions are projected to reach 25.16 MtCO₂e, 30.08 MtCO₂e, and 35.41 MtCO₂e by 2030, 2040, and 2050. Compared with 2005, these represent changes of –12.38%, +4.76%, and +23.33%, respectively.
(5)With the combined impacts of green building measures, the legal enforcement of building energy performance standards, and the decline in electricity carbon emission factors, the residential and commercial sectors together are expected to achieve a total reduction of 17.79 MtCO₂e by 2050 compared with the 2005 baseline year—equivalent to a 28.48% decrease in total GHG emissions.
(6)Finally, this project proposes a draft set of GHG reduction strategies and measures for Taiwan’s net-zero building pathway, consisting of eight major mitigation strategies and corresponding action plans.
4. Key Recommendations
Recommendation 1: Study the Impact of Climate Change on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Residential and Commercial Sectors – Immediate Action
Climate change intensifies the urban heat island effect in metropolitan areas. Its impact on building carbon emissions is primarily reflected in increased air-conditioning energy consumption. Currently, air-conditioning systems account for approximately 20–30% of annual electricity use in residential buildings, and over 50% in commercial buildings. However, existing assessments of carbon reduction benefits in the residential and commercial sectors have not adequately incorporated the effects of future climate warming, potentially leading to overestimation of the actual mitigation outcomes of various strategies. Since the achievement of carbon reduction targets is evaluated based on the reduction ratio of final greenhouse gas emissions in each sector relative to the 2005 baseline year, future climate changes will inevitably influence progress toward these targets. Therefore, it is recommended that climate change scenarios be incorporated into carbon reduction benefit assessments and carbon baseline projections to evaluate their potential impacts on energy consumption and emissions. This will improve the accuracy of modeling greenhouse gas emissions and reduction potential in the residential and commercial sectors, and facilitate the development of more climate-resilient mitigation strategies.
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior
Collaborating Agency: National Development Council
Specific Action: Commission research on the impact of future climate change on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon reduction potential in the residential and commercial sectors.
Recommendation 2: Develop a Rapid Assessment Method for Building Energy Performance – Medium to Long-Term Action
Given Taiwan’s newly announced 2035 carbon reduction target, it is imperative to accelerate mitigation efforts. Drawing from the European Union’s experience, improving overall carbon reduction performance may involve prioritizing retrofits of older buildings with substandard energy performance so that they achieve higher energy efficiency levels. A rolling-review mechanism can be adopted to gradually advance energy retrofits of low-efficiency buildings each year, thereby accelerating decarbonization in the building sector. To effectively identify the energy performance levels of existing buildings and enhance renovation efficiency, a rapid and credible energy performance assessment and diagnostic mechanism is urgently needed, especially given the large number of existing buildings. Establishing such a system will be essential for advancing large-scale improvements in the energy performance of aging buildings.
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior
Collaborating Agency: Taiwan Architecture & Building Center
Specific Action: Commission research on simplified evaluation methods for assessing building energy rating levels.
", "相關檔案": "淨零建築路徑減碳目標及成效評估之研究-成果報告0128(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339751/3f085582-2318-4ac0-9fab-391b9d07b3a3.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339330", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 29 Jun 2026 08:06:00 GMT", "title": "建築模組化工程實證與推廣計畫", "計畫主持人": "邱建國", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人臺灣營建研究院", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建築模組化、營建自動化、BIM、預鑄工法、DfMA", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
本期中報告書為「建築模組化工程實證與推廣計畫」業務委託專業服務案的階段性成果。鑑於國內營建產業面臨人力短缺、工期延宕、成本上升以及淨零碳排的挑戰，本計畫旨在透過推廣建築模組化與預鑄工法，並結合建築資訊模型（BIM）技術，以提升施工效率、確保品質並推動產業永續發展 。
二、研究方法與過程
本報告透過文獻回顧與案例分析，系統性地探討國外建築模組化與智慧營造的發展現況。研究內容主要包含：
1.國外推廣機制研析：
分析日本國土交通省的「i-Construction 2.0」策略、中國「十四五」規劃下的裝配式建築推廣模式 ，並比較兩國在政策工具、量化目標與法規上的差
異。
2.BIM-based作業流程研擬：
以SI（Skeleton & Infill）工法為核心，初步研擬並建立從結構設計（ETABS）到建築資訊模型（Tekla Structures）的數位化流程，並應用於預鑄構件的
設計、製造與組裝。
3.聯盟籌組與推廣：
積極籌組「臺灣建築模組化聯盟」，邀請產官學研各界加入，並規劃「臺灣預鑄與模組化建築網」以作為未來推廣平臺。
三、重要發現
以下為研究報告的重要發現：
1.國際趨勢與政策模式：
日本與中國皆以國家戰略高度推動建築模組化。日本採間接引導模式，透過「長期優良住宅」認證提供稅務與金融優惠，鼓勵市場採用高品質預鑄工法。中國則採強制激勵模式，制定明確的「裝配率」量化目標，並搭配容積率獎勵、財政補貼等直接手段加速產業轉型。
2.SI工法核心價值：
無論是日本的「長期優良住宅」標準或是中國的「裝配率」評價，都體現了將建築結構體（Skeleton）與內部設備裝修（Infill）分離的SI工法概念，以提
升建築物在全生命週期的可維護性與可變性。
3.BIM的關鍵作用：
BIM技術在模組化工程中扮演資訊整合中樞。報告初步建立從結構分析到施工圖與製造圖產出的BIM-based流程，可有效減少設計錯誤、優化施工性並提
升效率。
4.臺灣推動現況：
臺灣現行法規（如《建築物預鑄率評定手冊》）主要聚焦於結構構件的預鑄率計算，且缺乏對模組化內裝、設備管線分離等項目的獎勵與標準。這與中
日兩國將模組化視為全系統集成的趨勢有所不同。
四、主要建議事項
該報告的主要建議事項歸結如下：
建議一：深化法規標準
建議借鑑中國經驗，在現有《建築物預鑄率評定手冊》的基礎上，逐步納入模組化內裝、管線分離等指標，並考慮引入綜合評分模式，以引導產業鏈朝
向全面集成發展。
建議二：建立多維度激勵機制
除了公共工程的示範作用，應研擬具體的容積率獎勵、金融補貼或稅務優惠等措施，降低民間開發商導入模組化建築的成本阻力。
建議三：持續推動聯盟與平臺
持續推動「臺灣建築模組化聯盟」的籌組與運作，並透過「臺灣預鑄與模組化建築網」平臺，整合資源、分享案例與技術，為產業提供資訊與技術支
援。
建議四：加速實證與數位應用
以社會住宅作為實證案例，驗證並完善BIM-based模組化流程，並持續開發標準化的模組化接頭元件，為後續的工業化生產與現場組裝提供技術基礎。
", "英文摘要": "1.Research Background
This interim report is a milestone for the "Building Modularization Engineering Practical Verification and Promotion Plan" project. In response to challenges such as labor shortages, project delays, rising costs, and the push for net-zero carbon emissions in Taiwan's construction industry , this project aims to promote modular and prefabrication methods, integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM), to enhance construction efficiency, ensure quality, and advance sustainable development.
2.Research Methodology and Process
The report conducts a systematic analysis of international developments in modular and smart construction through literature reviews and case
studies. The key research activities include:
1.Analysis of International Promotion Mechanisms
Examining Japan's "i-Construction 2.0" strategy and China's prefabricated building promotion model under its 14th Five-Year Plan , and comparing their policy tools, quantitative goals, and regulatory frameworks.
2.BIM-based Workflow Development
Using the SI (Skeleton & Infill) method as a core concept , a preliminary digital workflow was developed, from structural design (ETABS) to BIM modeling (Tekla Structures), for the design, fabrication, and assembly of prefabricated components.
3.Alliance Formation and Promotion
Actively working on establishing the "Taiwan Building Modularization Alliance," inviting members from industry, government, academia, and research, and planning the "Taiwan Prefabrication and Modular Building Website" as a future promotion platform.
3.Key Findings
The key findings of the study are as follows:
1.International Trends and Policy Models
Both Japan and China have elevated building modularization to a national strategy. Japan adopts an indirect incentive model, using tax and financial benefits from "Long-Life Housing" certification to guide the market toward high-quality prefabrication. China employs a direct incentive model, setting a clear "assembly rate" target with direct rewards like floor area ratio bonuses and financial subsidies to accelerate industry adoption.
2.Core Value of the SI Method
Both Japanese "Long-Life Housing" standards and Chinese "assembly rate" evaluations embody the SI concept of separating the building's structure (Skeleton) from its interior systems (Infill), enhancing a building's maintainability and adaptability over its lifecycle.
3.Crucial Role of BIM
Taiwan's current regulations (e.g., the "Building Prefabrication Rate Assessment Manual") primarily focus on calculating the prefabrication rate of structural components and lack incentives or standards for modular interiors and separate MEP systems. This differs from the international trend of whole-system integration.
4.Key Recommendations
The report's key recommendations are as follows:
1.Deepen Regulatory Standards
It is recommended to learn from China's experience by gradually incorporating metrics for modular interiors and separate MEP systems into the current manual and considering a comprehensive scoring model to guide the industry toward a more integrated development path.
2.Establish Multi-faceted Incentive Mechanisms
Beyond public works projects, specific measures such as floor area ratio bonuses, financial subsidies, or tax incentives should be developed to
reduce the cost barriers for private developers.
3.Advance the Alliance and Platform
Continue forming and operating the "Taiwan Building Modularization Alliance" and use the planned "Taiwan Prefabrication and Modular Building Website" as a platform to integrate resources, share case studies, and provide technical support to the industry.
4.Accelerate Practical Verification and Digital Application
Use social housing projects as practical case studies to verify and refine the BIM-based modular workflow and to standardize prefabricated joint components. This will provide a solid technical foundation for future industrial production and precise on-site assembly.
", "相關檔案": "期末報告-2025.12.31-V25-HYMAN、YS_(送印版)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339330/6f833eda-eeea-4373-a69e-b3a39a744f30.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339215", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 25 Jun 2026 05:32:00 GMT", "title": "各用途分類建築主結構蘊含碳排計算法之研究", "計畫主持人": "杜怡萱", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "國立成功大學建築系", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建材用量，蘊含碳排，建築結構，結構平面配置", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、 計畫緣起
因應「2050 淨零排放」目標，我國於 2022 年由國家發展委員會發布「臺灣 2050 淨零排放路徑及策略」，明確規劃淨零碳排的實施時程，並由相關部門主導推動「淨零建築」策略，設定 2050 年達成 100%新建建築及超過 85%既有建築為近零碳建築的目標。根據聯合國環境署與國際能源署的調查，全球建築與營建材料所排放的溫室氣體佔全球總排放量的9~10%，顯示建築部門減碳的重要性。
內政部建築研究所（以下簡稱 ABRI）依據建築碳足跡評估標準 EN 15978，針對建築全生命週期碳足跡(包含使用碳排OC與蘊含碳排EC)分別實施「建築能效標示制度（BERS）」及「低碳建築評估 LEBR」，以強化我國在建築部門的節能減碳成效，有效提昇我國居住環境品質。
隨著 LEBR 自民國 113 年 7 月正式受理申請，現行評估流程在面對多樣化建築樣態時，逐步浮現適用性受限之挑戰。目前現行 LEBR 之主結構碳排評估雖未預先區分用途，但在標準計算法中，其平面形狀、構造係數、額外靜載重及活載重等關鍵因子，皆深受建物用途之影響。然而，我國建築技術規則建築物分類之以「公共安全」為導向，綠建築評估系統（EEWH）之分類則以「建築適用門檻指標及性能驗證制度」為考量，兩者皆難以直接與結構特性進行連結。
因此，本計畫檢視現有建築物用途分類方式，分析各種用途分類架構的異同，並根據目前 LEBR 執行過程之經驗，蒐集常見各用途分類建築之實際案例，分析不同用途建築之結構設計特性對碳排計算的影響，探討現有用途分類架構套用於低碳評估系統中的可行性。重新建立更符合 LEBR 實務需求的分類架構，並歸納其與現有建築技術規則及綠建築評估系統建物類別之對應關係，以使制度之間可彼此接軌。
二、 計畫執行方法與過程
本計畫的工作項目可大分成三個類別，包含 1. 建築結構實務經驗蒐集、2. 現行主結構體減碳評估流程對各類建築之適用性分析、3. 草擬用途分類架構與主結構體減碳評估流程之修正方案、4. 歸納主結構體蘊含碳排計算與減碳評估流程修訂建議。執行方法與過程分述如下：
(一) 建築結構實務經驗蒐集
為確保修正後之主結構體減碳評估流程符合實務需求之合理性與可行性，本計畫廣納產官學界多元視角，共召開 4 場專家會議與多場事務所諮詢。初期先針對現行制度的實務問題進行彙整與分析；中後期則針對主結構體減碳評估流程修正草案進行說明，並徵求專家學者之建議；期末則邀請結構領域具代表性之學者及業界代表，針對主結構標準計算法及對比模型法之適用性進行深入探討。此外，透過深度訪談建築與結構實務界之 LEBR 申請經驗，歸納各用途分類建築特性，以決定符合實務業界共識之用途分類區分原則。
(二) 現行主結構體減碳評估流程對各類建築之適用性分析
現行低碳建築評估手冊之主結構體碳排標準計算公式，主要基於 RC 柱梁剛構架系統、一般跨距之辦公、集合住宅與公共建築推導。LEBR 試辦約一年後，逐漸發現部分實際建築案例與公式假設存在落差。因此，本研究利用前兩階段蒐集之各用途分類案例，全面檢視現行主結構體碳排計算公式與減碳評估流程在不同建築類型中的適切性，作為後續草擬調整方向與修正方案的重要依據。
(三) 草擬主結構體減碳評估流程之修正方案
本研究根據前期成果與 LEBR 實務執行經驗，針對現行主結構碳排標準計算公式提出四項修正，以提升評估框架之合理性與可行性。在「耐震設計參數」方面，建議將兩參數整合為一合併參數（ ），計算 x、y 向(S / F ) aD u x及 後再取兩向較大值代入；「跨距變化係數」調整為各構架獨立計算，以更準確反映實務建築設計情境；「形狀係數」則由不連續的階梯式變化，修正為連續變化之線性公式，消以避免係數之級距跳躍對使用者於初期設計階段評估碳排時之決策造成困擾；最後，在「樓地板面積與樓高」的判定上，改以樓板外緣線界定實際建造範圍作為碳排計算範疇，以準確反映構造體之材料配置與碳排含量。
(四) 歸納主結構體蘊含碳排計算與減碳評估流程修訂建議
本計畫最終彙整各階段研究成果，歸納主結構體蘊含碳排計算公式與減碳評估流程之修訂內容建議，提供低碳建築評估手冊編輯主責單位進行後續修訂。
三、 主要建議事項
本研究之具體建議事項如下：
1. 建議以「主結構標準計算法」與「建材用量精算及對比模型分析法」形成彈性評估途徑，使不同類型特性之建築皆能找到對應之計算方法。
2. 建議低碳評估之用途分類以建築技術規則分類為基礎，並考慮公有建築分階段優先適用類別，區分為以下類別。住宿類：建築技術規則之 B-4、H-1、H-2 類；辦公類：建築技術規則之 G-1 及 G-2 類；工業倉儲類：建築技術規則之 C-1、C-2 及 I 類；其他：前述各項以外之所有類別。
3. 未來研究可持續蒐集更多實際建築案例，擴充分析樣本數量，以建立更完整且具代表性之案例資料庫，提供標準計算法驗證依據，並作為建立對比模型法比較基準之參考。
4. 建議後續研究可進一步針對樓層數 20 層以上之高層建築進行探討，以確保主結構標準計算法公式適用範圍之可擴充性。
5. 建議後續研究可針對不同建築用途特性，檢討並調整主結構標準計算法之基準值設定，以提升其適用性與評估精度。
6. 建議後續研究可加強蒐集非 RC 構造及混合構造案例，並探討構造係數數值之合理性，及混合構造之構造係數計算方式。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "114年度「各用途分類建築主結構蘊含碳排計算法」成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339215/0308472d-c9b4-4c73-8820-b0a71ae85208.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339213", "ModifyDate": "Thu, 25 Jun 2026 02:51:00 GMT", "title": "以建築生命週期管理模式評估蘊含碳排與成本之動態分析", "計畫主持人": "楊詩弘", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "國立成功大學", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建築生命週期管理、生命週期碳排放、生命週期成本", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
目前，我國現行的建築蘊含碳排標示制度（簡稱 LEBR）主要針對新建工程的碳排放 進行管制。然而，從整體建築長壽化的方向視之，現行制度仍存在一定的侷限而有待優化。例如，LEBR 在鼓勵建築延壽的層面，目前僅提供一個簡易的建築延壽優惠係數（簡稱 LL），作為碳排減量的優惠計算工具。雖然在一定程度上促進了建築延壽的理念，但其作用仍然有限。事實上，延壽與建築生命週期的管理（Building Life-cycle Management, BLCM）息息相關。建築生命週期的管理是一個全面而動態的過程，涵蓋建築從設計到拆除的每一 個階段，其核心目的在於通過對生命週期碳排放量（Life-cycle Carbon Emissions, LCCO2）以及生命週期成本（Life-cycle Cost, LCC）的動態分析，從其結果優化建築的設計、施工與使用營運，從而實現資源的高效利用與環境影響的最小化。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究主要以文獻回顧、案例調查與專家訪談法進行。以外牆整建工程作為評估對象，因其具有公共安全之必要性與急迫性。此外外牆整建工程不僅影響公共安全，更為重要的都市景觀，是地方政府整建維護補助制度之重點補助項目。透過統整相關文獻與現行政策制度，發現針對既有建築於維護型整建階段所產生之碳排放與成本投入，在評估工具、量化模型與制度實踐層面存在明顯落差。所以本研究透過與新北市都市更新處合作(取得「策略街道建築物立面輔導示範計畫」之立面整建輔導案例)，對案例進行模擬量化分析，建構一套兼顧建築生命週期邏輯、制度應用背景與實務策略選擇的分析方法。研究著重於「碳排 × 成本」雙軸整合，在模擬分析部分，以外牆整建工程實際八個案例資料為基礎，計算「基準案」與「設計案」 之碳排與成本差異，評估不同策略在整體生命週期下之碳排與費用總量。最後為使研究更貼近實務條件，本研究將訪談對象劃分為「整建執行端」、「整合輔導團」與「制度推動端」三類。揭露現行制度推動的現況困境與優化方向。
三、重要發現
在碳排與成本評估方法設計上，本研究以外牆整建工程為例，建構了一套兼顧碳排放量與成本花費的雙軸分析方法，以此回應延壽型都市更新於現行制度中缺乏評估依據的關 鍵問題，並為未來建築延壽政策、補助制度分級與低碳誘因設計提供具體參考。本研究有以下之重要發現:
1. 國內外生命週期管理相關系統之分析
台灣現行制度雖已具備「延壽型整建」之基本法制與政策工具，但在量化評估、長期 修繕制度化、專業管理導入與永續性檢核等方面仍存制度斷層。因此，本研究將建立一套 以生命週期碳排與成本分析為核心之評估架構，透過「設計案／基準案比較」及「多週期 修繕模擬」進行動態分析，以回應制度缺口。
2. 建築生命週期碳排放量與成本之指引
研究結果顯示，雖然塗料類材料可能因更新頻繁，造成維護階段碳排與成本上升，但整體而言，於 8 案計算結果中，塗料覆蓋工法相對傳統磁磚重貼，依舊具有顯著減碳效益。本研究所建立之碳排 × 成本雙軸四象限分類模型，透過觀察碳排與成本費用於雙軸象限的分布，可清楚辨識不同整建策略之效益。低碳排／低成本類型（第三象限），如工業區案，展現出極為節制與高效率的策略模式。而高成本／低碳排類型(第二象限)，如林家花園案，雖然採用塗料取代傳統外牆磁磚有效減少碳排放，但因應公共安全與都市景觀而增設之構件，需頻繁維護而增加了成本支出。
3. 建築物長期修繕計畫與管理
透過 15 年生命週期視角評估維護成本與公共基金收費機制的財務可行性。研究證實，公共基金應自外牆整建完工當年即啟動，並搭配具調整性的收費機制，方能確保維護資源穩定供應。 外牆整建的後續維護並非一次性支出，而是需以建築生命週期管理思維面對的長期成本投入。透過合理的基金累積與 調整機制，使外牆整建實現建築延壽、安全維護與永續管理的政策目標。
四、主要建議事項
現行整建維護政策，雖已具備補助架構與執行經驗，實際推動過程中仍面臨多項瓶頸。本研究提出以下五項改善建議，分別從「外牆整建設計指引」「所有權人同意門檻」、「既有違建處理原則」、「建築 線限制之彈性運用」以及「環境效益評估納入補助制度」等面向切入，期望作為延壽型都 更政策可行性之參考依據與建議。
1. 外牆整建設計指引
優先採用輕量化乾式工法並減少濕式作業比例，如塗料系統或輕量化外牆系統可減輕對既有結構負擔，並且避免涉及大量敲除與水泥砂漿打底之傳統濕式工法。
2.所有權人同意門檻
老舊公寓成立管委會常引發程序瑕疵、住戶反 彈及治理風險，反而成為整建阻礙。建議可以研擬放寬申請外牆整建的門檻，初步可改成80% 或 2/3 多 數決，避免單一不同意戶否決全案，降低整合難度。
3.既有違建處理
目前違建處理在制度端與住戶需求間長期存在衝突，導致申請意願受阻。透過訪談回饋建議允許住 戶於不擴大量體、不新增面積、符合安全規範的前提下，將既有違建更新成安全、耐久的 附加構造。
4. 建築線的彈性空間
許多老舊建築物新建時緊貼建築線，空間不足的情況下，外牆整建工程僅能採塗料拉皮，無法進行隔熱、外牆管線統整等性能提升的設計方案。建議可於公共安全無慮的前題下，容許有建築線限制的彈性，讓延壽政策從「化妝型更新」變為「性能型更新」。
5. 將環境效益評估納入補助制度中
呈現減碳的案例，工程成本相對增加許多，由於市面上的高性能塗料往往伴隨著高成本，建議政策以加分項目的方式，針對具環境效益的設計方案給予額外補助，藉此鼓 勵住戶選擇更具減碳效益的工法與材料，讓減碳但高成本的方案得以實現。
", "英文摘要": "Currently, Taiwan's Low Embodied-carbon Building Rating System (LEBR) primarily focuses on regulating carbon emissions generated during the construction phase of new buildings. However, from the perspective of building longevity and sustainability, the existing system remains limited in promoting comprehensive building life-cycle management.
Although LEBR provides a Life Extension Incentive Coefficient (LL) to encourage building lifespan extension, its role is largely confined to carbon reduction calculations and does not fully address the broader concept of Building Life-cycle Management (BLCM). BLCM encompasses all stages of a building's life cycle, from design and construction to operation and demolition, with the objective of optimizing resource efficiency and minimizing environmental impacts through the dynamic assessment of Life-cycle Carbon Emissions (LCCO₂) and Life-cycle Costs (LCC).This study employs literature review, case studies, and expert interviews as its primary research methods. Exterior wall renovation projects were selected as the evaluation target due to their significance in public safety, urban aesthetics, and government-upported building rehabilitation programs. Through an examination of relevant literature and existing policy frameworks, this study identifies substantial gaps in the evaluation tools, quantitative models, and institutional applications related to carbon emissions and cost assessments during the maintenance-oriented renovation stage of existing buildings. In collaboration with the Urban Renewal Office of New Taipei City, eight façade renovation cases from the "Strategic Street Building Façade Improvement Demonstration Program" were analyzed. Based on these cases, this study developed an analytical framework that integrates building life-cycle management principles, institutional contexts, and practical renovation strategies. The framework adopts a dual-axis approach combining carbon emissions and costs, comparing a "baseline scenario" with a "design scenario" to evaluate the long-term environmental and economic performance of different renovation strategies.
The study takes exterior wall renovation projects as the primary research subject and establishes a dual-axis analytical model that simultaneously evaluates carbon emissions and lifecycle costs. The model addresses the lack of evaluation criteria for life-extension urban renewal projects within the current regulatory system and provides practical references for future building life-extension policies, subsidy grading mechanisms, and low-carbon incentive programs. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows:
1. Analysis of Domestic and International Life-Cycle Management Systems
Although Taiwan has established a basic legal and policy framework for life-extension-oriented building rehabilitation, significant institutional gaps remain in areas such as quantitative assessment, systematic long-term maintenance planning, professional facility management, and sustainability evaluation. To address these deficiencies, this study develops an assessment framework centered on life-cycle carbon emissions and life-cycle costs. Through comparisons between the "Design " and the "Baseline," as well as multi-cycle maintenance simulations, the framework provides a dynamic analytical approach for evaluating the long-term environmental and economic performance of renovation projects and filling existing policy gaps.
2. Guidelines for Life-Cycle Carbon Emissions and Cost Assessment
The results indicate that although coating-based materials may require more frequent renewal, resulting in higher maintenance-related carbon emissions and costs over time, they still demonstrate significant carbon reduction benefits compared with conventional tile replacement systems. The results indicate that coating-based renovation systems demonstrated superior life-cycle carbon reduction performance compared with conventional tile replacement methods.
3. Long-Term Building Maintenance Planning and Management
Using a 15-year life-cycle perspective, this study evaluates the financial feasibility of maintenance expenditures and public maintenance fund collection mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that maintenance funds should be established immediately upon completion of exterior wall renovation projects and supported by adjustable contribution mechanisms to ensure a stable supply of maintenance resources.Based on the research findings, five policy recommendations are proposed:
(1) prioritizing lightweight and dry-construction façade renovation systems
(2) lowering ownership consent thresholds for renovation projects
(3) establishing more flexible regulations for existing unauthorized structures
(4) allowing greater flexibility regarding building line restrictions to facilitate performancebased renovations
(5) incorporating environmental performance assessments into subsidy programs to encourage
the adoption of low-carbon renovation materials and technologies.
These recommendations aim to enhance the effectiveness of building life-extension policies and support the transition toward sustainable urban renewal and building life-cycle management.
", "相關檔案": "成果報告書_compressed 1150625(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339213/9f964061-ac24-4b0e-98ea-af6316589bef.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339202", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 24 Jun 2026 03:36:00 GMT", "title": "114年度建築蘊含碳排標示制度精進計畫", "計畫主持人": "蔡耀賢", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "國立成功大學", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "業務委託", "關鍵詞": "建築蘊含碳排、標示制度、生命週期評估", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、計畫緣起
鑑於氣候變遷對環境、人類生存和國家安全的威脅愈來愈大，也愈來愈緊急，2023年全球已有超過140多國提出「2050淨零排放」的宣示與行動。我國做為一個負責任的國際成員，一直以來都積極地因應國際對於氣候變遷的承諾。蔡總統於110年4月宣示2050淨零的目標之後，國發會於111年3月及12月分別公布「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑及策略總說明」及「12項關鍵戰略行動計畫」，112年2月15日總統公布施行氣候變遷因應法，成為我國邁向淨零排放的法制基礎。
根據聯合國環境規劃署UNEP（United Nations Environment Programme）與國際能源署IE（AInternational Energy Agency）的調查報告，全球建築營建材料的溫室氣體排放已佔全球溫室氣體排放的9~10%，是推動建築部門減碳十分重要的一環。近年在ESG對於產業碳揭露要求之下，建築產業的碳揭露制度日益重要，內政部建築研究所對於建材的減碳管理制度已被建築產業所殷切盼望。
依據建築碳足跡評估標準 EN 15978: 2011，建築全生命週期碳足跡應包含使用碳排OC（Operation Carbon）與蘊含碳排EC（Embodied Carbon）。為了有效管理建築產業的碳排放量，內政部建築研究所首先針對建築物於日常使用階段的耗能（使用碳排OC），於110年12月函頒「綠建築評估手冊－建築能效評估系統（EEWH-BERS）」及「綠建築評估手冊－既有建築類（EEWH-EB）」兩手冊，自111年1月1日實施了建築能效標示制度BERS（Building Energy Efficiency Rating System）。
而在建築蘊含碳排EC的管制部分，內政部建築研究所於111年度研議低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估制度，簡稱LEBR （Low Embodied-Carbon Building Rating System），後續於112年度低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估與認證制度推廣計畫（一）的推行中，完成低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估手冊與作業要點，並進行低碳（低蘊含碳）建築、低碳循環建材與低碳工法等試辦，以及網頁服務平台的建置等工作，積極進行制度施行所需之籌備工作。
內政部建築研究所於113年度低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估與認證制度精進計畫的推行中，於113年7月完成評定專業機構的指定，並於113年11月29日舉辦首屆低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示授證典禮，成為亞洲第一個針對建築蘊含碳排進行政府認證制度的先驅。113年12月31日金管會與環境部、經濟部、交通部、內政部及農業部共同公告第二版「永續經濟活動認定參考指引」，將「低碳建築標示達第2級以上」新建築物與既有建築物翻新兩類一般經濟活動中，可作為上市櫃公司撰寫ESG報告有關「對氣候變遷減緩具實質貢獻之技術篩選標準」，大幅促進我國淨零建築政策的推行。
內政部亦於114年6月12日發布「公有建築工程全生命週期節能減碳作業指引」，要求公有新建建築物應申請取得低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示，自116年7月1日起逐年將6類12組公有新建建築類型納入管理，納管之建築需於申請綠建築標章及建築能效評估時，同時申請低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示，且其低碳建築等級至少須達2級以上，並自119年起須達1級以上。而新建建築工程的蘊含碳排減碳量計算，即依據LEBR評估中的碳排減碳率CFR進行評估，並將取得低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示納入綠色經費額度之依據。
地方政府因應LEBR的施行，也有相當多的政策配套作為。臺北市政府的環境影響評估委員會亦於113年10月9日通過「臺北市推動宜居永續城市環境影響評估審議規範」修正案，未來環評開發案除了綠建築標章，還須取得建築能效及智慧建築標章等，並導入低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示，以管理施工期間建材生產、運輸與施工過程的碳排放量；新北市政府除了長年推動建築資訊模型BIM之外，更於113年7月3日修正「新北市都市更新審議原則」，針對更新單元面積達二千平方公尺以上案件原需取得低碳建築聯盟核發之銅級低碳建築標章部分，同意改以內政部核發之低碳建築標示第三級規定執行之。
LEBR在111年度確立技術工具之後，112-113年度的兩年間已完成低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估手冊之出版、試辦工作、作業要點施行與評定專業機構的指定，於113年7月正式受理申請。後續在地方政府與金管會的政策配套，以及營建相關產業界的普遍響應之下，LEBR已成為我國淨零建築政策的重要一環。
本計畫為「114年度建築蘊含碳排標示制度精進計畫」，為了持續推動LEBR制度的普及，仍需要在政策執行面與產業推行面上持續精進。2023年版公告的LEBR手冊需進行內容的調整，以減少評定實務上的疑義；主結構碳排簡算公式仍需藉由更多實際案例精算的檢驗，以因應各種建築類型的差異並減少預測上的誤差；木構造相關碳排放量的資訊仍需收集本土資料並加入資料庫；鋼構造與SRC的構造認定細節亦須進行碳排放量的確認與調整。另外，依據「建築蘊含碳排標示評定專業機構申請指定作業要點」進行評定專業機構的查核與教育訓練，以及碳排資料庫維護與更新，也是需要持續辦理的工作。期許LEBR能夠持續精進，方能因應各界的期待並減少制度上的疑義，成為各界認同、最有公信力的建築蘊含碳排標示制度。
二、計畫執行方法與過程
本計畫的工作項目可大分成三個類別，包含1.協助低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示制度的推行、2.協助評定專業機構的業務推行、3.精進低碳（低蘊含碳）建
築LEBR評估技術。執行方法與過程分述如下：
（一）協助低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示制度的推行
本年度的工作項目包含：提出建築蘊含碳排標示制度與我國碳信用制度接軌之可行性分析與政策建議、低碳（低蘊含碳）建築標示與綠建築CO2減量指標接軌之可行性探討、召開手冊編輯會議（2場）並提出修訂版草案、召開專家會議（2場）。
本研究團隊收集我國碳信用機制相關的資料之後，已完成可行性分析與政策建議，包含本土方法論的建立與環評增量抵換的接軌。另外，本研究團隊也持續與綠建築評估手冊之研究團隊共同討論，並已初步確立LEBR與綠建築標章接軌的方式，包含綠建築標章將合併「二氧化碳減量指標」與「廢棄物減量指標」成為「蘊含碳排指標」。除此之外，本團隊更藉由分析42個實務案例，確立LEBR之減碳率CFR與蘊含碳排指標RS5得分之間的建議公式。
在手冊編輯會議部分，已分別 114 年 8 月 19 日、 114 年 11 月 17 日召開二場手冊編輯會議， 除成立編輯委員會之外，亦具體確認了手冊編修的內容與編修方向。另外，本團隊亦已於 114 年 9 月 1 日、 114 年 11 月 18 日召開二場專家會議， 分別探討「 木質建材在建築蘊含碳排標示制度中的評估方式」， 以及「 室內裝修在建築蘊含碳排標示制度中的評估方式」。
（二）協助評定專業機構的業務推行
本年度的工作項目包含進行評定專業機構之評定業務查核與辦理評定專業機構評定成員之教育訓練。這兩項工作分別依據內政部「建築蘊含碳排標示評定專業機構申請指定作業要點」第八點與第七點辦理。
為協助評定專業機構的業務推行、確保評定的品質，本年度研究團隊已分別於 114 年 8月 19 日、 114 年 11 月 24 日邀集專家學者完成 2 場評定專業機構查核作業，並依據查核結果要求評定專業機構進行改善。另外，本團隊已於 114 年 10 月 17 日完成教育訓練之召開，內容包含 LEBR 相關政策、主結構簡算理論、結構耐久性與工程減碳，以及手冊改版說明等。
（三）精進低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估技術
建築評估技術精進項目包含：藉由既有建築工程案例計算與分析（至少10案），確認主結構採用簡算法之適用性分析並提出改善建議、收集木材相關產品之碳足跡資料，提供ABRI資料庫增修訂參考，以及提出建築內外裝修工程之低蘊含碳排評估方式草案。
由於「低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估手冊」中主結構迴歸公式的參數源自於結構設計的因子，以利建築設計階段進行減碳評估。然而，這個迴歸公式的估算方式與營建管理領域採用標單工項進行評估的方法，或是土木結構領域進行結構用料估算的手法不盡相同。因此，本研究團隊與營建管理進行方法之比較，藉以釐清計算邊界之差異，並收集實際案例、採用土木結構領域估算結構用料的方法進行差異的分析。
在低碳（低蘊含碳） 評估手冊中，木材相關產品之碳足跡數據主要來自於王松永與羅盛峰於 2016 年對國產材的調查研究，而手冊中主要引用製材、集成材、複合木質地板與粒片板的數據。本團隊藉由協同主持人陽德新教授的調查，已收集了 5 種木質建材（製材）的一級活動數據，可作為手冊資料庫更新之參考。 為提升手冊適用性， 擴充資料庫數據庫迫在眉睫， 114 年度本研究團隊亦收集本土建材廠商之一級數據─「 ALC 白磚之建材與構件」、「17000 psi 之 UHPC 超高性能混凝土」，以作增列資料庫之參考。
關於室內裝修與立面裝修（外牆拉皮）工程與的評估，本研究團隊在 113 年度確立計算方式。室內裝修方面，本研究進一步將室內裝修進行 13 種空間分類本年度進一步將室內裝修進行 13 種空間分類，並提取 7 種減碳潛力較高的空間，藉由情境模擬探討蘊含碳排密度SECI 的範圍。而外牆拉皮則是藉由案例分析，進行基準情境的設定，排除影響碳排評估客觀性的假設工程與人工機具， 提出表面裝修碳排密度簡算評估方法。
三、主要建議事項
本團隊彙整本年度業務委託的具體建議事項如下，提供所內參考。
建議一：低蘊含碳與綠建築標章接軌（立即可行）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
因應我國淨零建築的政策之下，逐步邁向綠建築、建築能效、低蘊含碳三軌合一的趨勢，建議將本研究團隊所建立之減碳率CFR（Carbon Footprint Reduction Ratio）與綠建築標章蘊含碳排指標RS5之得分公式，納入綠建築評估手冊編輯委員會討論。
建議二：持續修訂低碳（低蘊含碳）建築評估手冊（立即可行）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
本年度已組織編輯委員會並提出多項手冊修訂建議，包含主結構簡算公式以及資料庫增修訂等內容。因應116年7月起公有新建建築物將開始納入LEBR之標示，考量公共工程的多樣性，主結構體除採用迴歸公式之外，擬採用精算法的案例可能將大幅增加。建議LEBR手冊應更詳盡訂定主結構採用精算法時的設定條件與評定原則，以利評定作業之遂行。
建議三：老宅延壽政策搭配碳信用機制，建立整合型評估工具（中長期建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：環境部
經多方評估與分析後，建議建築之碳信用機制可搭配我國老宅延壽政策，促進既有建築之整建維護相關工作之推行。老宅延壽之專案可能包含建築外殼、建築設備及室內裝修等更新，建議將建築能效與建築蘊含碳排等評估指標彙整至綠建築標章系統，建立溫室氣體減量之單一評估工具，以利政策上之應用。
建議四：持續精進木構造建築的評定技術（中長期建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：農業部
我國綠建築標章、綠建材標章以及建築蘊含碳排標示制度中均已納入木質建材與木構造建築之評定，建議未來持續收集木質建材碳排放量的資料，並與我國農業部林業與自然保育署共同探討固碳量的標示方式，以利我國木構造建築與國產材的普及。
建議五：持續精進室內裝修之碳排評估工具（中長期建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：產業界（公協會）
本年度初步研擬之室內裝修評估系統（LEBR-ID）與LEBR的邊界不重複計算、能夠相輔相成，未來可供實務界搭配LEBR制度應用，但建議後續仍需持續複雜度較高的隔間牆與櫥櫃設計，並搭配實際案例進行驗證，以利提升本制度在實務界的接受度。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "114年度建築蘊含碳排標示制度精進計畫結案報告_20251230(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339202/1c341be2-cdb7-47eb-8920-490be08f1d1e.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339183", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 07:02:00 GMT", "title": "高軸力作用下包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱使用接力式繫筋之肢材寬厚比對塑性轉角容量之影響", "計畫主持人": "周中哲", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "鋼骨鋼筋混凝土、包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱、接力式繫筋、高軸力", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "台灣鋼骨鋼筋混凝土柱之鋼骨多採用箱型柱，繫筋無法貫穿鋼柱翼板，因此實務設計常採用以短繫筋與鋼柱上鐵件所組成的接力式繫筋，提供外圍混凝土及柱主筋之圍束，並常見於上部與下部結構之轉換層以及柱主筋數量較多的樓層。建研所過去曾進行接力式繫筋之圍束試驗及低軸力下之撓曲試驗研究，均顯示接力式繫筋具有良好的圍束混凝土之效果，但接力式繫筋於高軸力下之行為目前仍無相關試驗研究證實。因此本計劃將根據建研所過去之研究成果，並蒐集國內外鋼骨鋼筋混凝土相關規範及研究文獻，同時考量台灣工程實務設計及施工條件，進行四組包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱試驗，探討接力式繫筋於高軸力下之行為，並依照實驗結果擬定鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範及施工規範接力式繫筋相關條文之修正草案，使其能更臻完善。
關鍵詞：鋼骨鋼筋混凝土、包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱、接力式繫筋、高軸力
一、研究緣起
台灣高樓結構多採用鋼骨鋼筋混凝土梁柱系統以減少梁柱斷面尺寸，而目前我國「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範」已有14年未進行更新，相關的設計條文修訂內容可參考建研所近年的研究計畫[1, 2, 3, 4]。鋼骨鋼筋混凝土柱內鋼骨多採用箱型柱，因為繫筋無法貫穿鋼柱翼板，實務設計常採用以短繫筋與鋼柱上鐵件所組成的接力式繫筋[4, 5]，提供外圍混凝土及柱主筋之圍束，並常見於上部與下部結構之轉換層以及柱主筋數量較多的樓層。目前我國最新「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造施工規範」及「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範」之修正草案[4]已納入鋼骨鋼筋混凝土柱採用接力式繫筋之設計及相關研究文獻。而國內學者已以實驗證實接力式繫筋之可行性，但並未探討其在高軸力下之行為，因此對於鋼骨鋼筋混凝土柱採用接力式繫筋在高軸力以及鋼柱不同寬厚比下是否具有良好之耐震性能，尚無實驗結果。鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造低樓層承受高軸力柱發生破壞將導致建築崩塌之嚴重後果，因此如何確認其低樓層柱在高軸力下仍能滿足規範對於塑性轉角的要求，確保柱在承擔高軸力及彎矩作用下能有足夠的強度及韌性發揮乃刻不容緩之議題，故有必要以實驗驗證接力式繫筋在高軸力下之行為。此外，美國ACI 318-25 (2025)及台灣「建築物混凝土結構設計規範」(2023)中規定RC柱在高軸力下( )每根主筋皆需受彎鉤圍束，故本研究亦將以實驗探討SRC柱在高軸力下無每根主筋受繫筋圍束之耐震行為。
二、研究方法及過程
本計劃先從國內包覆填充型箱型柱使用接力式繫筋相關研究之成果著手，並參考最新國內外鋼骨鋼筋混凝土設計規範及研究文獻，以箱型鋼柱之寬厚比及使用接力式繫筋或無繫筋等兩參數規劃進行四組大尺寸包覆填充型箱型鋼柱於高軸力作用下之反覆載重試驗，探討接力式繫筋於高軸力作用下之行為及耐震性能。本計劃將召開專家學者會議，針對本案試驗結果進行討論，並研擬規範相關修定條文，使鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範能更符合最新學理研究及實務需求。
三、重要發現
本案進行四組實尺寸包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱於高軸力( )作用下之反覆載重試驗，試驗重要發現如下：
1.四組試體在高軸力作用下( )，其中試體一與試體三為隔一根主筋受繫筋圍束，試體二與試體四為隔三根主筋受繫筋圍束，均在0.04 rad前無強度遞減以及無主筋發生挫屈，且在0.05 rad時尚保有90%以上最大撓曲強度，顯示包覆填充型SRC柱塑鉸區在高軸力下無需每根主筋都有繫筋圍束。
2.四組試體在高軸力作用下( )，均在0.04 rad時達到最大強度，且在0.05 rad時才發生主筋挫屈及箍筋變形，顯示包覆填充型SRC柱塑鉸區有無配置接力
式繫筋在高軸力下可在0.05 rad前保有良好的耐震行為。
3.四組試體在0.05 rad前行為相近，而試體一與試體三在0.06 rad後之破壞與撓曲強度下降較試體二與試體四緩慢，顯示接力式繫筋可減緩包覆填充型
SRC柱塑鉸區在0.06 rad後的強度遞減。
4.試體一與試體二之鋼柱寬厚比(b/t= 31)符合AISC 341-22 [7] (= 33)之規定，而試體三與試體四之鋼柱寬厚比(b/t= 41)符合TW-SRC [1] (= 44)之規定及AISC 341-22 [7] (= 54)之規定，四組試體均在0.04 rad達到最大強度，且在0.05 rad尚保有90%以上最大強度，顯示目前國內SRC設計規範寬厚比限制適用於包覆填充型SRC柱在高軸力下( )之耐震行為。
四、主要建議事項
(1)建議一
辦理鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造施工及設計兩規範之規範審查會議：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：中華民國結構工程學會
本案已根據2024年版「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造施工規範修正草案」及「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範與解說修正草案」[4]為基礎，納入本案對包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱繫筋配置相關研究成果。建議內政部國土署辦理後續規範審查之程序，以使國內之工程師有最新鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計及施工之參考依據，提升國內工程之技術與品質。
(2)建議二
包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱寬厚比限制之研究：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：中華民國結構工程學會
本案已證實目前國內「鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計規範與解說」(2011)中寬厚比限制適用於包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱在高軸力下( )之耐震行為，然對於目前之寬厚比限制是否能進一步放寬，以提升鋼骨鋼筋混凝土構造設計之經濟性，尚無研究文獻探討，故建議可將包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱使用更高寬厚比下之耐震行為納入未來之研究議題。
", "英文摘要": "The steel section of the steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns in Taiwan usually uses the box column. Since the tie could not pass through the steel column flange, the practical design often uses the combined tie, composed of the short tie and the connection plate on the steel column, to provide confinement to the encased concrete layer and the longitudinal bars. In past years, the Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior, has conducted confinement tests and flexure tests under low axial load to the combined tie, and the test results show that the combined tie has a good confining effect on the concrete. However, there is no relevant research to verify the behavior of the combined tie under high axial load. Therefore, this research plan would start from the research results of the combined ties by ABRI, collecting domestic and foreign SRC codes and research, and considering Taiwan’s practical engineering design and construction conditions. Afterward, four experiments on Concrete-encased-and-filled steel tubular columns will be conducted, investigating the performance and behavior of the combined tie under high axial load. Above all, the revision draft of the SRC design code and construction code will be proposed according to the experimental results.
", "相關檔案": "14-高軸力作用下包覆填充型鋼管混凝土柱使用接力式繫筋之肢材寬厚比對塑性轉角容量之影響(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339183/1a3182c8-68c4-46a5-8404-0f51d2191ba2.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339182", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 06:45:00 GMT", "title": "建築非結構物耐震評估及補強手冊研究", "計畫主持人": "姚昭智", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "消防管線、供電匯流排、耐震、非結構物、振動台實驗、設計手冊", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
近年來地震頻繁發生，雖然多數建築物結構體未受重大損壞，建築物內部非結構系統以懸吊類設備物為首屢屢遭到破壞，如消防撒水管線與供電匯流排卻屢見損壞，導致建築功能中斷與使用安全疑慮。尤其在2024年4月3日芮氏規模7.2之花蓮地震後，多處公共建築如醫院、學校及工廠發生管線洩水、匯流排短路或外層破裂等震損情形，凸顯非結構物耐震設計與補強措施之重要性。
目前台灣相關法規雖已針對消防管線訂定部分耐震要求，例如《各類場所消防安全設備設置標準》與《施工綱要規範》，但整體規範內容分散且缺乏針對實務操作的統一設計指引。至於供電匯流排，則尚無明確之耐震設計規定，亦無完整實務依據可循。因此，本研究以「消防撒水管線」與「供電匯流排」為研究對象，延續113年度成果，進一步整合既有法規、實務經驗與振動台試驗結果，編撰出《消防管線耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》與《供電匯流排系統耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》，可供新建與既有建築於耐震設計與補強工程時參考使用。
二、研究方法與流程
本研究承續 113 年度「管線與供電匯流排懸吊系統之耐震設計方法研究」之成果，進一步針對既有疑義項目與實務需求進行深化探討，並完成兩套
耐震評估設計補強手冊之編製。研究方法與流程摘要如下：
1.延續前期成果並深化特定議題
針對消防撒水管線支管斜撐間距之疑慮，進行振動行為探討與實驗驗證，提出調整建議。
針對匯流排系統，發展單一吊架適用於多支匯流排組態之常用吊架耐震設計方法，以提升實務可行性。
2.文獻回顧
蒐集整理國內外消防管線與匯流排震損案例、耐震補強研究、設計規範及台灣相關防災法規，作為研究基礎。
3.消防管線斜撐配置研究
依據前期研究架構，針對支管斜撐間距進行振動台試驗，分析不同配置對系統動態行為之影響。
4.匯流排安裝方式與耐震設計比較
彙整國內外匯流排安裝規範與耐震要求，檢視其適用性，作為建立匯流排耐震設計模式之依據。
5.匯流排案例模擬分析
建立多組耐震配置模擬案例，評估單一吊架不同規格及數量，斜撐配置對系統頻率及動態反應之影響。
6.耐震評估設計補強技術手冊之編製
整合研究成果，完成《消防管線系統耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》及《供電匯流排系統耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》之編纂，提供新建與既有建築實務
應用。
三、重要發現
(一)消防管線系統近年常見震損為撒水頭管線接頭破壞，主要因晃動量過大與與周邊設備間距過近所致。研究顯示，提升系統剛度(安裝斜撐)、配置撓性接頭及保持與鄰近設備的安全間距，可有效降低震動與破壞發生。此外，懸吊系統增設斜撐可明顯降低變形，而立管需配置撓性接頭以應對層間位移。國外規範（如 NFPA 13、NZS 4541），對建立本研究後續耐震設計手冊具有關鍵參考價值。
(二)雖然目前蒐集的匯流排震損案例較少，但近年地震已出現短路與導體破損之案例。振動台試驗結果指出，匯流排在吊架與配電箱固定點因自由度過大，容易產生水平方向滑移、垂直跳動與整體波浪狀變形。研究確認，在彎頭或不連續處增設剛性支撐與斜撐吊架，可有效降低位移反應並提升整體耐震性能。
(三)雖然現行台灣法規要求消防配管採取防震措施，但缺乏完整、可操作之耐震設計手冊。匯流排部分更尚無耐震規範，然近期震損案例已突顯其迫切性。此外，依《建築物耐震設計規範》規定用途係數 I=1.25 及 1.5之建築物，其附屬設備用途係數應採Ip=1.5，顯示消防管線與匯流排均須具備足夠耐震能力。因此，建立完善之耐震評估設計補強手冊已具急迫性與必要性。
(四)依據支管側向斜撐間距之振動台實驗，在台灣最嚴苛之 AC156 人工地震激震下，本研究提出以系統頻率作為斜撐間距控制準則。實驗顯示支管振動量均低於 2.5 mm 容許值，且試體無任何損壞，驗證此配置手法之可行性，並據以納入設計手冊。
(五)依據 NFPA 13 進行立管耐震設計與檢核，結果顯示斜撐承載力均高於需求、撓性接頭在層間變位下之轉角與彎矩亦低於臨界值並符合法規上限，整
體系統具充分耐震安全性，可作為手冊編制之依據。
(六)懸吊式供電匯流排系統，在現地勘查與振動台實驗均發現吊架與匯流排間存在滑移，顯示在耐震設計中，須以自攻螺絲確保兩者具有效剪力接合。基於 AC156 之最大變位 7.5 cm 檢核準則，本研究評估多項耐震斜撐配置條文之適用性；分析結果指出系統勁度受線路重量與數量影響，部分條文不宜採定值規範，需依配置調整。經模擬驗證後，部分規範可直接採納，並建議懸吊深度上限為 2 m，相關修正均納入本手冊之設計建議。
(七)垂直向匯流排之耐震研究，根據數值模擬分析結果顯示，若彈簧支撐座可再使用自攻螺絲固定於匯流排上，於地震作用下可發揮良好之耐震性能，可視為具等效功能之耐震支撐座。此外，將耐震支撐座之裝設間距放寬至與彈簧支撐座相同的 5 m 時，橋式接頭在層間變位與水平震力下的彎矩皆未達降伏強度，顯示橋式接頭具足夠的耐震能力與安全性。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
消防管線耐震評估設計補強技術手冊：中長期建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：國立成功大學建築系
本研究整合國內震損經驗、現行法規需求，以及NFPA 13、NZS 4541 等內容，並針對「支管斜撐間距」之疑義進行振動台實驗驗證，據以提出更符合實務的設計建議；最終完成《消防管線耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》之編撰。手冊內容規劃清楚的耐震評估流程、設計與補強規定，使相關專業人員能理解與應用。
建議推廣本研究所建立之消防管線耐震評估設計補強技術手冊，以降低管線震損風險。有助於提升建築物震後營運能力、保障人員安全並減少財產損
失，具中長期推廣效益。
建議二
供電匯流排系統耐震評估設計補強技術手冊：中長期建議
主辦單位：內政部建築研究所
協辦單位：國立成功大學建築系
本研究彙整國內匯流排震損案例及安裝現況，並參考國內外耐震設計理念，針對懸吊式匯流排系統進行數值分析，探討系統於水平與垂直方向的受震行為，進而提出具體之耐震設計與補強建議。研究成果已編製為《供電匯流排系統耐震評估設計補強技術手冊》，提供系統設計、審查與施工實務之完整參考。
匯流排為近年建築大多採用的重要供電設備，其震損將造成嚴重停電與功能中斷。建議推廣本研究成果，以提升建築物之整體耐震韌性與功能維持能
力。
", "英文摘要": "Background
In recent years, earthquakes have occurred frequently in Taiwan. Even though most building structures were not heavily damaged, many nonstructural systems, especially suspended components such as sprinkler pipes and busway systems, were repeatedly damaged. These failures often caused water leakage, power interruption, and safety concerns. After the magnitude 7.2 Hualien earthquake on April 3, 2024, many hospitals, schools, and factories reported sprinkler leaks, busway short circuits, and cracked covers. These events highlight the need for proper seismic design and strengthening of nonstructural systems.
Although Taiwan’s current regulations specify seismic requirements for fire sprinkler piping, the provisions are scattered and lack clear, practical design guidance. As for busway systems, there are no explicit seismic design requirements at all.
Therefore, this study focuses on sprinkler piping and busway systems. Building on the work completed in 2023, we further integrate existing standard, field experience, and shake-table test results to develop two manuals:
•Seismic Evaluation, Design, and Retrofit Manual for Fire Sprinkler Piping system, and
•Seismic Evaluation, Design, and Retrofit Manual for Busway Systems.
These manuals can be used for both new buildings and retrofit projects.
Research methods:
This study continues the previous year’s research on seismic design for suspended piping and busway systems and further addresses practical issues raised by engineers. The main research steps are summarized below:
1.Deepening earlier findings:
Studied the proper spacing of braces for sprinkler branch lines using vibration analysis and experiments, and proposed adjustment
recommendations.
Developed a practical seismic design approach for busway supports that can be applied to different multi-line configurations.
2.Literature review
Collected cases of earthquake damage, retrofit studies, design codes, and Taiwan’s disaster-prevention regulations.
3.Study on brace layout for sprinkler piping
Performed shaking table tests to examine how different brace layouts affect system behavior.
4.Comparison of busway installation and seismic design
Summarized local and international installation standards and seismic requirements for busways to support the development of a design model.
5.Case simulations for busway systems
Created multiple simulation cases to study how support types, quantities, and bracing layouts affect system frequency and dynamic response.
6.Preparation of two design manuals
Integrated all results and completed two manuals for engineering practice.
Major outcomes:
(1).Sprinkler piping system behavior
Common earthquake damage includes broken sprinkler heads and pipe joints, mainly caused by excessive movement and insufficient clearance from nearby equipment. The study shows that adding diagonal braces, using flexible couplings, and keeping safe clearance can effectively reduce movement and prevent damage. Shake-table results also confirm that braces greatly reduce deformation, and vertical risers require flexible joints to accommodate story drift. International guidelines such as NFPA 13 and NZS 4541 provide important references for the design manual.
(2).Busway system behavior
Although fewer damage cases have been documented, recent earthquakes have shown examples of short circuits and conductor failure. Shaking table tests revealed that busways tend to slide, bounce, and deform because they have too much freedom at the hanger and panel connections. Adding rigid supports and bracing near bends or discontinuities can reduce displacement and improve seismic performance.
(3).Need for clear design guidelines
Taiwan’s current rules require seismic measures for fire piping but do not provide a complete, easy-to-use design guide. Busway systems currently have no seismic design rules, even though recent earthquake damage shows they urgently need them. According to the Seismic Design Code for Buildings, when the building importance factor is I = 1.25 or 1.5, the equipment importance factor Ip must be 1.5. This means both sprinkler piping and busways must meet higher seismic demands. Therefore, preparing complete manuals is necessary and urgent.
(4).Brace spacing for sprinkler branch lines
Based on shaking table tests under Taiwan’s most demanding AC156 artificial earthquake, this study proposes using system frequency as the main control parameter for brace spacing. Test results showed all specimens had displacement smaller than the 2.5 mm limit and no damage occurred, confirming that the proposed layout is feasible and suitable for inclusion in the design manual.
(5).Seismic design of risers based on NFPA 13
Design checks showed that diagonal braces had more than enough strength, and flexible joints remained within the allowable rotation and moment demands during story drift. The entire system met the safety requirements and can be directly used as part of the design manual.
(6).Suspended busway systems and hanger–busway connection
Field surveys and shaking table tests showed noticeable sliding between hangers and busways. This means self-tapping screws or similar fasteners are needed to ensure proper shear connection. Using AC156 for numerical simulation, this study evaluated various bracing configurations based on a displacement limit of 7.5 cm. Results show that system stiffness is affected by busway weight and quantity, so fixed-value rules are not suitable. After analysis, several provisions can be adopted directly, and a maximum suspension depth of 2 meters is recommended. These recommendations are included in the manual.
(7).Vertical busway seismic performance
Simulations show that if spring supports are also fixed to the busway with self-tapping screws, they can perform well during earthquakes and act similarly to seismic supports. When the support spacing is increased to 5 m (same as spring supports), the bending moments at bridge joints remained below yield under both story drift and horizontal shaking—showing the joints have adequate strength and seismic safety.
", "相關檔案": "13-20260112_建築非結構物耐震評估及補強手冊研究_成果報告 (2)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339182/be0bc199-f586-47cf-b944-c97deb9704ef.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339177", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 05:52:00 GMT", "title": "建築設計低碳高效多目標決策輔助的AI代理系統之研究", "計畫主持人": "施宣光", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "建築設計、AI代理系統、多目標決策輔助、建築資訊模型（BIM）、MCP代理框架", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著全球對永續發展與淨零碳排放的重視，建築設計需在低碳環保、成本控制、建築美學與法規合規性等多目標之間取得平衡。然而，現有設計工具難以在初期階段提供全面的決策輔助，導致試錯成本增加，且可能因法規理解不足而面臨違規風險。此外，低碳建築的推動需要即時且準確的碳排放評估，而傳統設計流程往往無法滿足這一需求。
二、研究架構
本計畫提出 AI 代理架構如下，以提升設計效率並減少違規風險。透過 AI 代理系統的應用，提升建築設計的智慧化與數位化水平，降低碳排放，並優化
成本與法規合規性，推動建築產業向永續發展邁進。
(一) 探討 AI 代理系統之架構與可行應用範疇，整合人工智慧（AI）與建築資訊模型（BIM）技術，於建築概念設計階段提供法規檢核、低碳設計評估及
造價預測等輔助資訊。
(二) 建立 MCP 代理框架與模型間的協作協定，促進 AI 代理系統在建築設計應用中的通用性與穩定性發展。
(三) 發展直覺式介面化操作機制，使建築師能透過使用者介面進行 AI 圖像生成，降低技術門檻，提升建築視覺化設計效率，並強化與業主間的溝通品
質。
三、研究成果與發現
本研究以「社會住宅」為案例，聚焦設計前期（LOD100～LOD200），建構一套結合參數化設計與人工智慧（AI）之 BIM 整合流程。方法上，透過以 Rhino Grasshopper進行跨平台資料交換，並以「資料交換斷點」設計參數欄位，確保幾何與屬性的一致性與可追溯性。流程分為量體規劃（LOD100）、結構系統（LOD150）、外殼立面（LOD200）三階段；同時導入 AI Agent 進行性能、造價與碳排規劃與設計調整建議；在視覺化上，以 ComfyUI 為核心，將生成流程封裝為標準化 JSON 工作流並介面化呈現，使用者可於免安裝、免設定的環境中直接進行可視化操作。
研究結果顯示：（1）參數化可將傳統「幾何驅動」轉為「資料導向」流程，顯著提升模型回溯性、透明度與修改效率，降低反覆重建成本；（2）在 HITL 機制下，AI 作為判斷輔助者可自動化重複任務並提升決策精度，形成設計—造價—結構—碳排的迴圈資料流；（3）清楚定義的資料交換斷點有效降低跨平台轉換誤差與資料丟失，並為 AI 演算提供穩定介面；（4）面對既有 AI Agent 框架於模型耦合、上下文管理、互通性與安全監控的侷限，採用 Model Context Protocol（MCP）可落實模型／工具解耦、結構化上下文與可稽核執行，強化可觀察性與可維運性；（5）於社宅情境提出符合法規與授權的影像生成策略與 SOP，可在概念發散到細部深化間取得速度、控制度與合規性多目標決策的平衡。
四、建議事項
建議一：擴大支援多種 BIM 與 AI 間交換格式並推動產業實證回饋（立即可行建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：建築產業界（民間公協會）
為強化 BIM 與 AI 代理系統之推廣效益，建議以 IFC 或 MCP JSON 為共通交換格式，擴大支援多款主流 BIM 工具，並啟動產業實證與回饋機制。短期內優先完成 Revit 與 Archicad 系統整合；同步評估開源 OpenBIM 工具（如 Blender、FreeCAD 等）之技術可行性及生態整合策略。
透過多樣化實務場景的端到端應用示範，搭配使用者回饋、系統迭代及成效驗證，形成「回饋—修正—再驗證」的持續優化閉環。此舉有助加速 AI 代理系統在建築設計與審查流程之落地，並提升與產業實務需求的契合度，擴大推廣效益。
建議二：以AI知識圖譜之方式將條文結構化，並廣納建築實務意見，擴充地方法規與函釋知識庫（中長期建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：建築產業界（民間公協會）
以 AI 知識圖譜方式將條文結構化，建立規則關聯與邏輯推理節點，使法規資料可檢索、可追溯，並具 AI 推論與自動檢核應用潛力。廣納建築實務意見，擴充地方法規與函釋知識庫，提升審查銜接度。可分階段擴充六都及重點縣市的地方法規與常見函釋，形成統一、可操作且可延伸至智慧建築管理的法規知識庫。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "10-「建築設計低碳高效多目標決策輔助的 AI 代理系統之研究」委託研究計畫案_成果報告書-定稿V2(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339177/6dd2133d-86f6-4d50-8e3d-4afa660d98bb.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339165", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 09:25:00 GMT", "title": "日本因應水災之土地使用管制對策於台灣應用可行性研究", "計畫主持人": "賴深江", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "氣候變遷、水災、土地使用管制", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
2025年7月下旬台灣中南部發生「0728西南氣流豪雨事件」，這次豪雨事件影響時間長、影響範圍廣，影響期間每天都有豪雨或以上等級的降雨，總雨量直逼颱風莫拉克等級的降雨，且台南、高雄、屏東山區總雨量都超過2000毫米以上。造成全台5死3失蹤，並導致全台農產業災情總損失約1億2千萬元。
而近年日本亦是頻傳重大颱洪災害，例如「2017年7月九州北部豪雨」、「2018年7月豪雨」、「2019年房總半島颱風」、「2019年東日本颱風」2020年7月豪雨」等災害事件，即累計造成至少5萬棟房屋損毀、8萬棟房屋遭受淹水。
由於近年日本重大豪雨事件頻傳，對此日本建築及都市計畫界除更加著力於水災減災都市發展議題研究外，日本地方政府亦開始尋求自水災減災考量之都市計畫土地使用管制層次推行之水災因應對策作法。本研究擬蒐集分析日本近年在都市計畫土地使用管制層次推行之水災減災對策，以供台灣參考。
二、研究方法與流程
（一）研究方法：
1.文獻分析法(Documentary Method)：就日本因應水災之土地使用相關計畫法令，包括中央政府法令政策動向及滋賀縣流域治水條例、伊豆市水災整備之土地使用條例、岡山市淹水對策推動條例等地方政府制定相關法令等相關文獻，並加以分析。
2.可行性分析法(Feasibility Analysis Method)：探討日本因應水災之土地使用相關計畫法令及地方法令案例，於台灣應用可行性。
（二）研究流程：
1.蒐集日本因應水災之土地使用相關計畫法令，包括中央政府法令政策動向及滋賀縣流域治水條例、伊豆市水災整備之土地使用條例、岡山市淹水對策
推動條例等地方政府制定相關法令先進案例供參。
2.彙整分析日本因應水災之土地使用相關計畫法令，包括中央政府法令政策動向及滋賀縣推動流域治水相關條例、伊豆市水災整備之土地使用條例、岡山市淹水對策推動條例等地方政府制定相關法令先進案例。
3.研析日本因應水災之土地使用相關計畫法令及地方法令案例，並探討於台灣應用可行性，以供國內相關專業人員參考。
三、重要發現
本研究蒐集及分析中央政府法令政策動向及滋賀縣推動流域治水相關條例、伊豆市水災整備之土地使用條例、岡山市淹水對策推動條例等地方政府制定相關法令先進案例。等相關文獻供參，並加以分析。就日本面臨氣候變遷引發淹水災害時，於土地使用管制對策加以研究，得出以下結論：
(一) 依日本經驗，流域治水涉及跨行政區之「空間管轄」，以及部門業務分工之「機能管轄」等兩種方式來進行分工。地方政府內各主管局處之間的計畫整合與協調，可透過訂定 「計畫」來制定「行動計畫」，並在「協議會」中基於此行動計畫進行部門間的協調，來確保空間與機能兩方面管轄的綜合性。可看出自治條例具備與授權委任立法法規所無法涵蓋的綜合性功能。地方政府可在地方首長領導下透過自治條例立法賦予權限，整合不同局處進行組織調整。
(二) 流域治水對開發行為與建築行為等與土地利用有關的行為管制，其科學依據與社會依據的必要性更高。為確保流域治水的正當性，必須具備用以支撐其科學合理性的科學依據，以及以居民理解為基礎來實現施策的社會合理性。如此需仰賴中央或地方之技術與研究成果，以訂立地方政府對於個別行為規制所需的標準。另為讓地方能夠共同分擔限制，或為形成社會共識，地方政府有必要透過經過議會決議等民主程序所制定的條例，將這類施策明文化，以此作為與居民等直接對話、溝通的基礎。
(三) 以日本因應水災之土地用管制對策於台灣應用之可行性而言，於地價低地區較易推動、 社會大眾對淹水風險認知與責任分擔意願高、不過度追求在災害風險不確定下追求範圍準確性等條件下，方較為可行。為期降低爭議，或許以過去當地災害發生歷史事件之影響範圍供作災害潛勢重要依據，較為可行，並在都市計畫土地使用管制規定上預留防範措施。
四、結論建議事項
建議一、進行日本建築管理制度有關劃設災害危害地區機制之探討：短期建議。
以美國作法而言，水災危害地區範圍需環境、水利主管機關經由環境影響評估、災害風險評估等項作業機制審慎界定後，再交由地方建管單位公告禁限建範圍，而非由地方政府獨力完成。建議得參考歐美經驗，進行日本建築管理制度有關劃設災害危害地區機制研究。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 無
建議二、進行滋賀縣防災資訊平台資料內容架構之探討：短期建議。
滋賀縣政府的防災資訊網站（shiga-bousai.jp/dmap）基礎資料及分類地圖等GIS資料相當有意義，建議可以整理出來有哪些類型的數據，讓國內有意建
立相關地理資訊的地方政府參考建立相關資料庫。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 無
建議三、日本因應水災之建築設計案例研究：短期建議。
建議可蒐集日本因應水災之建築案例討論，比較台灣與日本建築案例的差異，以供參考。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：無
建議四、進行日本地方政府推動因應水災之土地使用管制對策之政策背景及台灣推動方向研究：中長期建議。
針對本研究各案例之背景脈絡、制度目的與施行成果，加以比較，以供作為台灣後續研擬法制的重要依據。並可蒐集日本反省日本治水政策缺失之文
獻，藉以參考研擬出符合台灣需求推動方向。
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：無
", "英文摘要": "I.Background
In late July 2025, the "0728 Southwestern Storm" struck central and southern Taiwan. This storm was characterized by its prolonged duration and wide impact, with daily rainfall reaching or exceeding the level of Typhoon Morakot. The total rainfall in the mountainous areas of Tainan, Kaohsiung, and Pingtung exceeded 2000 mm. It resulted in 5 deaths and 3 missing persons across Taiwan, and caused approximately NT$120 million in agricultural losses.
In recent years, Japan has also frequently experienced major typhoon-related floods, such as the "July 2017 Northern Kyushu Storm," the "July 2018 Storm," the "Boso-Peninsula Typhoon, 2019" the " East Japan Typhoon, 2019" and the " Storm of July, 2020 " which collectively caused damage to at least 50,000 houses and flooding of 80,000 houses. In response to the frequent occurrence of severe torrential rains in Japan in recent years, the Japanese construction and urban planning communities have not only focused more on research into urban development issues related to flood disaster mitigation, but local governments in Japan have also begun to seek flood response measures implemented at the level of urban planning land use control, taking flood disaster mitigation into account. This study aims to collect and analyze flood disaster mitigation measures implemented in Japan at the level of urban planning land use control in recent years for reference in Taiwan.
II.Research Methods and Process
(I) Research Methods
1.Documentary Method: This method examines and analyzes relevant documents, including the Japanese central government policies and regulations, as well as local government legislation such as the Shiga Prefecture Watershed Management Ordinance, the Izu City Flood Preparedness Land Use Ordinance, and the Okayama City Flood Countermeasures Promotion Ordinance.
2.Feasibility Analysis Method: This method explores the feasibility of applying Japanese land use laws and regulations for flood control, including local legislation, to Taiwan.
(II) Research process:
1.Collecting information on Japanese land use-related plans and laws in response to floods, including central government policies and regulations, as well as advanced examples of local government legislation such as the Shiga Prefecture Watershed Management Ordinance, the Izu City Flood Preparedness Land Use Ordinance, and the Okayama City Flood Control Measures Promotion Ordinance.
2.Compiling and analyzing Japanese land use-related plans and laws in response to floods, including central government policies and regulations, as well as advanced examples of local government legislation such as the Shiga Prefecture Watershed Management Ordinance, the Izu City Flood Preparedness Land Use Ordinance, and the Okayama City Flood Control Measures Promotion Ordinance.
3.To Analyze Japanese land use-related plans and laws and local legislation in response to floods, and explore their feasibility for application in Taiwan, for reference by relevant professionals in Taiwan.
III.Findings
This study collected and analyzed relevant documents, including central government laws and policies, as well as advanced cases of local government legislation such as Shiga Prefecture's watershed management regulations, Izu City's land use regulations for flood preparedness, and Okayama City's flood countermeasures regulations. These documents were consulted and analyzed. Regarding Japan's land use control measures in the face of flooding disasters caused by climate change, the following conclusions were drawn:
(I) Based on Japanese experience, watershed management involves two methods of division of labor: "spatial jurisdiction" across administrative regions and "functional jurisdiction" based on departmental division of responsibilities. The integration and coordination of plans among various departments within a local government can be achieved by formulating "plans" to create "action plans," and then coordinating between departments based on these action plans in " Joint Council"（kyougikai ）to ensure the comprehensiveness of both spatial and functional jurisdiction. It can be seen that the autonomous ordinance possesses comprehensive functions that cannot be covered by delegated legislation. Local governments, under the leadership of local heads, can integrate different departments and make organizational adjustments through the authority granted by the autonomous ordinance legislation.
(II) Watershed management requires a higher level of scientific and social justification for regulating land use-related behaviors such as development and construction. To ensure the legitimacy of watershed management, it must be supported by scientific evidence and socially sound principles based on public understanding. This necessitates reliance on central or local government technology and research findings to establish standards for regulating individual development behaviors. Furthermore, to enable local communities to share the burden of restrictions and to build social consensus, local governments need to clearly define these policies through democratic processes such as resolutions by the city council, serving as a basis for direct dialogue and communication with residents.
(III) Regarding the feasibility of applying Japan's land use control measures for flood response in Taiwan, it is more feasible under conditions such as lower land prices (easier to implement), higher public awareness of flood risks and willingness to share responsibility, and less emphasis on achieving precise coverage under uncertain disaster risks. To reduce disputes, it might be more feasible to use the impact range of past local disasters as an important basis for assessing disaster potential, and to reserve preventative measures in urban planning land use control regulations.
", "相關檔案": "日本因應水災之土地使用管制對策於台灣應用可行性研究-成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339165/5eb92cc5-ffce-4768-aa5b-f5bd40533d7f.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339163", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 09:13:00 GMT", "title": "建築材料煙毒性試驗擴展應用於鐵道材料試驗之研究", "計畫主持人": "黃祐泰", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "鐵道車輛車廂、煙毒性試驗、檢測驗證、CNS 16108-2、EN 45545-2、EN 17084", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著政府推動「前瞻基礎建設計畫」及「國車國造」政策，軌道運輸建設已成為國家發展核心，帶動國內鐵路車輛零組件檢測驗證的龐大需求,。然而，目前我國鐵道系統規範尚未統一，且國內自主檢測能量不足，廠商多需委託國外機構測試，導致品管成本高昂並限制產業發展,。為因應此挑戰，本研究旨在發揮建築研究所防火實驗中心之既有技術優勢，探討將建築材料煙毒性試驗技術擴展應用於鐵道車輛材料之可行性，以提升國內檢測服務能量，支援軌道產業自主化與在地化發展。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究首先全面評估實驗中心現有設施，確認ISO 5659-2設備之煙室與傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀(FTIR)等設備之技術適應性。隨後針對國內CNS 16108-2附錄C與歐盟EN 17084等標準進行技術分析與版本差異比較，並據此整備硬體設備。考量初期研究經費限制，本研究於ISO 5659-2煙室與FTIR分析儀間之加熱採樣管線模組，係利用實驗中心現有零件組合銜接而成。此階段性目標在於無額外經費投入下，先行驗證跨設備銜接與數據傳輸之技術可行性，作為後續建置正式檢測能量之基礎。
三、重要發現
研究結果顯示，本中心現有設備經初步整備後，其技術規格可同時兼容現行CNS與歐盟EN之鐵道材料檢測標準。經由自行銜接之採樣管線實測發現，整體設備連動作業順暢，初步證實本實驗室具備執行跨設備煙毒性分析之技術潛力。惟受限於自行銜接管線之熱損失控制精度，本案實測數據主要用於程序驗證，目的在提供實驗中心作為後續技術參考。
四、主要建議事項
本研究建議應針對實驗程序持續深化，未來應規劃專案經費採購正式的標準化加熱套件模組，以取代現有自行銜接之管路，確保採樣路徑之恆溫穩定
性，使實驗數據之精確度提升至符合正式檢測作業之水準。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "建築材料煙毒性試驗擴展應用於鐵道材料試驗之研究v25(成果報告)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339163/e9412b8c-7546-49d9-a5d4-185718d68959.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339159", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 08:15:00 GMT", "title": "圓錐量熱儀設備性能精進之研究", "計畫主持人": "陳佳玲", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "圓錐量熱儀、設備校正、熱釋放", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
近年國內建築安全與軌道運輸防火要求日益提升，建築物室內裝修材料及軌道車輛內裝材料之防火性能評定均仰賴圓錐量熱儀（Cone Calorimeter）進行熱釋放率、總熱釋放量與煙產生量等關鍵火災反應參數量測。然而，本所防火實驗中心圓錐量熱儀已使用超過二十年，氧氣分析儀模組與圓錐輻射電熱器等主要組件出現老化及性能衰退現象，造成量測數據不穩定，可能影響材料耐燃等級與防火危害評估之準確性。為維持國內防火試驗之品質，本研究遂進行設備汰換與校正，以提升量測可靠度，強化自主檢測能量。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究首先透過文獻回顧分析澳洲、日本、加拿大及我國現行以圓錐量熱儀為核心之材料防火評定制度，彙整其分級方法、試驗參數與法規要求。同時，針對本所設備更新後之狀況，依CNS 14705-1（ISO 5660-1）規範逐項進行系統校正，包括輻照度控制系統反應特性、稱重裝置反應與漂移量測、氧氣分析儀延遲與反應時間、輸出雜訊與漂移測試、以及進行PMMA標準材料之側屏效應試驗等。所有校正程序皆依標準方法操作，以確保數據之重現性與設備整體性能。
三、重要發現
研究結果顯示，更新後之氧氣分析儀於零點與三種標準濃度檢核中，量測誤差均在±3%允收範圍內；其延遲與反應時間亦符合標準要求。稱重裝置反應時間平均為2.5秒，輸出漂移量僅 0.425 g，均優於標準規範。輻照度校正以PMMA進行比對，其引燃後三分鐘平均熱釋放率落於供應商提供之有效範圍，顯示電熱器加熱輸出穩定。側屏效應檢核亦確認設備在不同配置下皆能保持一致的量測結果。整體而言，本研究之校正結果證實圓錐量熱儀於汰換主要組件後，其性能已恢復且更趨穩定，能確保建築與軌道材料火災反應試驗之可信度。
四、主要建議事項
參與實驗室能力試驗：立即可行之建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：
為強化本機構試驗能力之可信度與技術水準，圓錐量熱儀試驗可透過實驗室能力試驗及相互比對結果，以評估與驗證能力，可客觀評估本實驗室在量測、分析及操作流程等方面之整體能力表現，確保試驗結果的一致性和穩定性，建立可量化之品質證據，亦可作為後續TAF 認證的佐證資料。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "圓錐量熱儀設備性能精進之研究 成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339159/eb87d43d-41b1-41f8-ab38-c861135090e0.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339158", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 08:07:00 GMT", "title": "住宿機構防火避難及緊急應變參考指引精進之研究", "計畫主持人": "雷明遠", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "住宿機構、防火避難安全風險、自主檢核計畫、災害緊急應變指引", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
我國已步入高齡化社會，正朝向超高齡進行中，關懷高齡者之安全安心科技發展，也是當前賴總統重要施政方向之一。高齡者等避難弱者之防火避難安全課題，向為本所建築防火科技計畫子項重點之一。自101年台南新營醫院北門分院護理之家火災後，護理之家、老人福利等機構的公共安全議題受到政府主管機關及社會大眾之積極重視，本所經多年研究成果累積，於106年10月出版「住宿式長照服務機構防火及避難安全改善參考手冊」。
該手冊之附錄「長期照顧機構防火及避難安全風險項目自主檢核表」配合衛福部對於各類型住宿機構之評鑑成為參考檢核工具之一。地方政府輔導機構使用自主檢核表十，反映不少機構因對建築、消防法規不太了解，或對於風險檢核項目認知不清楚以致填寫不順利，期望本所可以協助修正自主檢核表，並進一步能夠提供參考解說，以利機構人員了解檢核項目的具體意義及內容。爰此，108年度本所自行研究成果辦理完成「長照機構防火及避難風險自主檢核表參考解說之研究」，以淺白易懂用語及圖片說明自主檢核表內有關專業用語、法規規定及改善技術建議等。此外，112年度自行研究成果研擬融合火災風險辨識之火災緊急應變參考指引(建議草案)，可供機構參考充實火災應變計畫及落實情境式演練之用。113年度自行研究成果探討住宿機構設置使用防火門對其避難安全風險之影響，同時檢視機構使用防火門與住民行動管制之競合關係，彙整提出具體可供參考之建議。
為落實上述研究成果，進一步研修「住宿式長照服務機構防火及避難安全改善參考手冊」及住宿機構災害緊急應變參考指引(以防火避難為主)有其必要
性。爰此，本研究目的如下：
(一)彙整近年研究成果，提出具體「住宿式長照服務機構防火及避難安全改善參考手冊」修正版建議，並提供「住宿機構防火及避難安全風險自主檢核表
參考及解說」，以增進手冊參考實用性。
(二)配合本所建築防火有關研討、講習活動，推廣本所有關長照服務機構防火避難安全、消防設備應用、緊急應變等研究成果。
二、研究方法與過程
(一)文獻探討
蒐集國內外長照機構、護理之家有關火災避難、消防安全的研究報告及書籍文獻及本所107-113年度長照機構防火避難、消防設備有關研究成果，彙整可
供本研究應用資料。
(二)訪問調查分析：
以護理之家、長期照護型及養護型老人福利機構、住宿式長照服務機構及住宿式精神復健機構等進行廣泛性實地訪視及人員訪談，蒐集有關機構對於環境安全設施設備、防火避難安全、災害緊急應變等公共安全課題之認知及準備程度，以供參考瞭解普遍認知或準備不足之處。
(三)專家訪談法
與相關學者、產業界或機關單位專家討論請教，彙整具體意見供修正評估表、調查分析結果討論之參考，並對本案結論提出建議。
三、重要發現
經由本項研究之綜合分析及整理，獲致以下結論：
(一)「住宿式長照服務機構防火及避難安全改善參考手冊」內容規劃區分為「火源及初期火災控制對策」、「人員避難安全對策」、「火煙垂直擴散防止對策」、「火煙水平擴散防止對策」等節，原先27項對策目前修正14項對策及說明，另增加3項新的對策及說明；詳如本研究報告第三章所述。
(二)住宿機構防火及避難安全風險自主檢核表及參考解說，內容規劃區分為「風險自主檢核計畫內容」、「機構設立之基本條件及解說」、「火災危害及防火管理要點及解說」、「防止火勢及煙氣蔓延擴散要點及解說」、「避難逃生設施及設備器具要點及解說」及「緊急應變、救助及訓練要點及解說」等節，個別之檢核風險要項逐條補充說明其意義，並提供法規規定及輔以圖例或照片解說；詳如本研究報告第四章第二~六節所述。
(三)上述自主檢核表本質上屬於檢核工具，其意義及用途概如本研究報告第四章前言所述，另自主檢核計畫應包含計畫依據及目的、自主檢核辦理時間(或頻率)、檢核工具(即防火及避難安全風險自主檢核表)、檢核人員、檢核結果後續處理等內容，詳如本研究報告第四章第一節所述。
(四)經過本研究訪調發現多數機構對於火災緊急應變之風險辨識相關知識較不足，此外，緊急應變有關災害風險評估及應變脆弱度分析、人力調度及緊急人員召回機制、重大災害造成聯外道路中斷準備計畫(孤立計畫)、火災應變演練有關安全風險等，亦有不少機構相關認知不足，思考面向未盡周延，本研究報告業於第五章補充提供參考。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
辦理本所「住宿機構防火避難安全改善參考手冊」更新版研修：立即可行建議
主辦機關（單位）：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關（單位）：衛生福利部、本部國土管理署、消防署、相關專業公(協) 會團體
本所「長照服務機構防火避難安全改善參考手冊」自106年出版，並於同年12月22日函送(建研安字第1060010935號文)衛生福利部、內政部國土管理署(原營建署)、消防署、各地方政府衛生局、社會局等機關及老人福利、護理之家、身心障礙等長期照顧機構專業團體參考，迄今出版印行2千餘冊，業獲得各界肯定認同。本自行研究業彙整了本所107-108年建研所有關住宿式機構全尺度寢室模擬火災、探測及撒水實驗研究，109年長照機構防火避難安全性能改善參考手冊精進研究、112及113年度有關住宿式機構火災緊急應變演練參考指引及防火門使用避難安全風險等研究成果，並增加從評鑑及督考中獲得之發現，將可納入充實上述參考手冊。日後倘修正該手冊時，宜併修手冊名稱「住宿機構防火避難安全改善參考手冊」，以供更多類型機構適用。
建議二
辦理住宿機構火災安全風險及應變減災相關研習推廣：立即可行建議
主辦機關（單位）：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關（單位）：衛生福利部、本部國土管理署、消防署、相關專業公(協) 會團體
上述更新版本手冊希冀日後出版提供相關政府機關、專業團體及機構參考，除推廣正確之災害緊急應變觀念，亦供輔導協助機構建立自主災害應變能力，以保護機構服務對象之安全。另可配合本所建築防火科技計畫項下辦理之講習教育訓練或研討活動課程加以宣導，同時加入有關「住宿機構之火災安全風險及應變減災」相關課程，並邀請衛生福利部、本部國土管理署、消防署、相關長照機構公(協)會等專業團體、中華民國全國建築師公會、中華民國消防設備師全國聯合會等民間專業團體共襄盛舉參與。
", "英文摘要": "Taiwan has entered an aging society and is moving towards super-age, and the development of safe and secure technology to care for the elderly is also one of the important policy directions of President Lai. The issue of fire evacuation safety for the elderly and other vulnerable people has always been one of the key points of the ABRI’s Building Fire Safety Technology Plan. Since the fire in the nursing home of the North Gate Branch of Tainan Xinying Hospital in 2002, public safety issues in nursing homes, elderly welfare and other institutions have received active attention from government authorities and the public.
In 2018-2024, ABRI has research on firefighting equipment, fire and evacuation safety, and disaster emergency response in residential care institutions. To implement the above research results, it is necessary to further study the "Reference Manual for Fire Prevention and Evacuation Safety Improvement in Residential Long-term Care Service Institutions" and the Reference Guidelines for Disaster Emergency Response in Residential Institutions (focusing on fire evacuation safety). Therefore, the objectives of this study are as follows:
(1) To summarize the research results of recent years, put forward specific suggestions for the revised version of the "Reference Manual for Fire and Evacuation Safety Improvement of Residential Long-term Care Institutions", and provide the "Reference and Explanation of the Fire and Evacuation Safety Risk Self-Checklist for Residential Care Institutions" to enhance the practicality of the manual.
(2) To cooperate with the Institute's building fire safety-related seminars and promote the Institute's research results on fire and evacuation safety, fire-fighting equipment application, emergency response and other research results of long-term care institutions.
Through the comprehensive analysis and data collation, the following conclusions have been reached:
1.The contents of the "Reference Manual for Fire and Evacuation Safety Improvement of Residential Long-term Care Institutions" were divided into sections such as "Fire Source and Initial Fire Control Measures", "Personnel Evacuation Safety Measures", "Fire and Smoke Vertical Spread Prevention Measures", and "Fire Smoke Horizontal Spread Prevention Measures". Details are described in Chapter 3 of this research report.
2.The contents of "Reference and Explanation of the Fire and Evacuation Safety Risk Self-Checklist for Residential Care Institutions" were divided into sections such as "Content of Risk Self-Assessment Plan", "Basic Conditions and Explanation of Institutional Establishment", "Key Points and Explanations of Fire Hazard and Fire Prevention Management", "Guidelines and Explanations for Preventing the Spread of Fire and Smoke", "Guidelines and Explanations of Evacuation Facilities and Equipment and Equipment", and "Guidelines and Explanations for Emergency Response, Rescue and Training" and provide legal provisions supplemented by legends or photo explanations. Details were described in Chapter 4, Sections 2 to 6 of this research report.
3.In addition, the self-inspection plan should include the basis and purpose of the plan, the time (or frequency) of the self-inspection, the inspection tool (i.e., the risk self-checklist), the inspection personnel, and the follow-up processing of the inspection results, etc., as described in Chapter 4, Section 1 of this research report.
4.There are also many institutions that lack relevant knowledge about disaster risk assessment and vulnerability analysis, manpower dispatch and emergency personnel recall mechanisms, major disaster prevention plans for external road interruptions (isolation plans), and safety risks related to fire response drills. Details were supplemented in Chapter 5 of this research report for reference.
Finally, two suggestions were made, namely
1. To actively conduct the updated version of the "Reference Manual for Fire and Evacuation Safety Improvement of Residential Long-term Care
Institutions".
2. To organize training and promotion related to fire safety risks and response and disaster reduction in accommodation institutions.
", "相關檔案": "114年研究成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339158/23da8ccd-8590-47f1-8f61-1e545130a0bc.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339157", "ModifyDate": "Mon, 22 Jun 2026 07:54:00 GMT", "title": "鋼筋混凝土結構物火損深度數值演算法技術研究", "計畫主持人": "王天志", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "非破壞檢測、火害、鋼筋握裹力", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
本研究旨在提升國內火害後鋼筋混凝土結構物之非破壞檢測能力，針對近年所發展之波基式檢測技術中尚缺乏之關鍵反算演算法進行自有技術建構。波基式火害後檢測技術包含三項核心：剪壓波速比初勘、混凝土導波之火損深度調查，以及鋼筋導波之握裹力傷損段調查。其中，混凝土火害受損深度調查需依賴一維剪力波速剖面之反算技術，但目前尚無自有演算法，皆依賴商用軟體，造成介面多重與應用推廣受限之問題。本計畫遂以建立自主之反算程式為主要目標。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究採用 reduced Delta Matrix（Dunkin, 1965）方法建立頻散曲線正算模式，反算策略則將材料層數、層厚、波松比與密度先行固定，使剪力波速成為唯一反算變數。目標函數以量測與理論頻散曲線之 RMS 誤差為主要指標。演算法建構完成後，分別以理論模型與火害試體量測結果進行驗證。
三、重要發現
理論模型測試涵蓋未火損、輕微火損（410°C）及嚴重火損（840°C）三種情境，並加入 0–35% 不同比例雜訊。結果顯示，在雜訊 0% 與 5% 下仍可能存在約 12.5% 之剪力波速誤差；當雜訊增至 15% 至 35% 時，對傷損深度判斷將產生明顯影響，尤以嚴重火害模型最為敏感，可能導致傷損深度被誤判為過淺，造成結構安全評估偏高之風險。因此，實務施測須降低環境噪音以避免誤差。
在火害試體驗證中（60×20×25 cm 混凝土試體），本計畫反算程式與商用軟體 Surfseis 之結果呈現高度一致，頻散取線之擬合 RMS 皆低於 5%。兩者之剪力波速剖面趨勢相符，唯本程式在局部出現較高波速，推測與過度擬合相關，可透過調整迭代條件或加入層間限制改善。火損區域圈繪結果在表面位置差異約 1–2 cm、深度差異甚微、深部水平範圍差異約 5 cm，整體結果可信度良好，證實本計畫演算法已具備實務應用價值。
四、主要建議事項
火害後混凝土傷損深度判識量測技術與分析精進之研究 ：立即可行之建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：
本研究所開發之反算演算法具備火害後混凝土傷損深度調查之實用性，後續建議進行現地量測整合測試，以優化程式架構，並加入剪力波速分層限制，以提升反算穩定性與火害材料行為之反映能力。
", "英文摘要": "1.Origin of research
This study aims to enhance domestic capabilities in non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete (RC) structures after fire exposure. It focuses on developing proprietary inverse algorithms that are currently lacking in recently developed wave-based inspection technologies. Wave-based post-fire inspection techniques comprise three core components: (1) preliminary assessment using the ratio of shear-wave to compressional-wave velocities, (2) investigation of fire-damaged depth in concrete using guided waves, and (3) investigation of damaged bond zones of reinforcing steel using guided waves.
Among these, the assessment of fire-damaged depth in concrete relies on inverse analysis of one-dimensional shear-wave velocity profiles. At present, such analyses depend entirely on commercial software, with no in-house algorithms available, leading to issues of multiple interfaces and limited applicability and dissemination. Therefore, the primary objective of this project is to establish an independent inverse analysis program.
2.Research methods and processes
In this study, the reduced Delta Matrix method (Dunkin, 1965) was adopted to establish the forward model for dispersion curve calculation. In the inverse analysis strategy, the number of material layers, layer thicknesses, Poisson’s ratios, and densities were fixed in advance, leaving the shear-wave velocity as the sole inversion parameter. The objective function was defined mainly by the root-mean-square (RMS) error between the measured and theoretical dispersion curves. After the algorithm was developed, validation was carried out using both theoretical models and measurement results from fire-damaged specimens.
3.Important findings
The theoretical model tests covered three scenarios: no fire damage, mild fire damage (410 °C), and severe fire damage (840 °C), with added noise levels ranging from 0% to 35%. The results indicate that even at 0% and 5% noise levels, shear-wave velocity errors of approximately 12.5% may still occur. When noise increases to 15–35%, the determination of damage depth is significantly affected, with the severe fire-damage model being the most sensitive. This may lead to underestimation of damage depth and, consequently, an overestimation of structural safety. Therefore, in practical applications, environmental noise should be minimized to avoid such errors.
In the validation using fire-damaged specimens (concrete specimens measuring 60 × 20 × 25 cm), the results obtained from the developed inverse program showed high consistency with those from the commercial software SurfSeis, with RMS fitting errors of dispersion curve extraction below 5%. The trends of the shear-wave velocity profiles were consistent between the two approaches, although the developed program exhibited locally higher velocities, which are presumed to be related to overfitting. This issue can be mitigated by adjusting iteration conditions or introducing interlayer constraints. The delineation of fire-damaged regions showed surface position differences of approximately 1–2 cm, negligible differences in depth, and differences of about 5 cm in the deep horizontal extent. Overall, the results demonstrate good reliability and confirm that the developed algorithm has practical application value.
4.Main suggestions
Further improvement of measurement techniques and analysis for identifying fire-damaged depth in concrete: immediately actionable recommendations
Sponsoring organization: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizer:
The inverse algorithm developed in this study demonstrates practical applicability for investigating fire-damaged depth in concrete after fire exposure. It is recommended that future work conduct integrated field measurement tests to further optimize the program structure and incorporate constraints on shear-wave velocity layering, thereby enhancing inversion stability and improving the representation of fire-damaged material behavior.
", "相關檔案": "鋼筋混凝土結構物火損深度數值演算法技術研究_成果報告_1217(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339157/71504556-928b-48ad-9bcb-6f00bf58f56d.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336899", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 24 Feb 2026 05:50:00 GMT", "title": "坡地社區自主防災推動與管理培訓計畫", "計畫主持人": "林杰宏", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人台灣建築中心", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "補助案", "關鍵詞": "坡地韌性社區、自主防災、教育推廣", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "本計畫由內政部建築研究所補助，財團法人台灣建築中心執行，旨在提升我國坡地住宅社區之自主防災能力與安全管理機制。鑑於過去坡地災害事件（如林肯大郡事件）所引發之社會關注，以及極端氣候影響下坡地社區災害風險增加之現況，計畫以「防災七分自助、二分互助、一分公助」為核心理念，推動社區建立自主巡檢、預警判讀及應變處理能力，逐步形塑具韌性之防災社區。
本計畫自99年至114年累計受理419處社區申請，實際輔導193處社區，追蹤輔導65處，累計受益戶數51,282戶，受益人數達152,752人。推動範圍涵蓋北、中、南多個縣市，展現廣泛之推廣成效。
計畫執行重點包括：
一、社區現場勘查與專業診斷輔導
邀請專業技師進入社區進行環境潛勢調查與邊坡安全評估，提供具體改善建議，協助社區及早辨識災害徵兆與風險因子。
二、建立坡地社區自主巡檢系統
整合GIS、Google Earth、RWD-WEB系統及雲端資料管理技術，建置低成本、可持續操作之巡檢平台，協助居民定期巡檢並回報異常，建立社區與專業技師之溝通橋梁。
三、辦理示範社區工作坊與講習推廣
透過防災工作坊、情境模擬演練、防災地圖繪製與標準作業程序制定，強化社區組織分工與應變能力，並推動防災社區及韌性社區認證制度。
四、推動校園防災教育與跨域擴散
辦理坡地校園防災講習，提升師生防災意識，並透過研討會與展覽活動擴大社會影響力，形成區域防災學習網絡。
五、強化永續運作與社區治理能力
本計畫除提升防災知識與技術能力外，更著重於協助社區建立可長期運作之管理機制與傳承制度。透過=建立資料庫與交接流程建議，減緩社區管委會更替頻繁所造成的防災斷層問題。同時透過定期追蹤訪視與滿意度問卷分析，滾動式調整輔導策略，使防災工作從單次活動轉為日常管理的一部分。
此外，計畫鼓勵社區建立自主巡檢習慣與資料紀錄文化，強化排水設施、擋土構造物及坡地環境之日常觀察與拍照存證，提升居民對異常徵兆的敏感度與通報能力，逐步形成「預防優於應變」的社區安全共識。
透過上述機制，使防災工作不僅停留於教育訓練或硬體建置，而是轉化為社區治理的一環，提升社區自我管理、自我修正與持續精進的能力，建立長期穩定運作之韌性基礎。
歷年追蹤顯示，多數受輔導社區已由「被動接受輔導」轉為「主動自主經營」，能自主辦理巡檢、維護監測設備、製作數位宣導教材，甚至申請韌性社區認證，顯示計畫成果已內化為社區治理的一部分。
整體而言，本計畫成功整合研究成果與實務推動機制，建立可持續運作之坡地社區自主防災模式，提升居民風險辨識與應變能力，並透過示範與擴散效應，逐步形塑具制度化、專業化與永續性之坡地防災社區網絡，為臺灣坡地住宅社區之長期韌性發展奠定重要基礎。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "坡地社區自主防災推動與管理培訓計畫 成果報告書F-1150224(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336899/543c358d-5b1c-4402-8efe-cb9d9d5b9118.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336900", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 24 Feb 2026 03:17:00 GMT", "title": "建築物防火安全性能提昇暨推廣計畫", "計畫主持人": "江欣政", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人台灣建築中心", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "補助案", "關鍵詞": "防火安全性能、精神醫療機構、住宿式長期照顧機構、環境風險辨識、火災防止與侷限", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "內政部建築研究所自民國80年起，已累積許多建築物防火安全研究成果及經驗，致力於國內建築防火、消防法規及國家標準制定及修正，執行建築物火災預防技術、建築物火災延燒控制技術、建築結構耐火技術、建築防火避難性能設計與煙控技術、建築結構(RC)遭火害之傷損判識，以及建築防火性能實驗與營運管理等面向研究計畫。
本計畫主要為推廣內政部建築研究所有關研究成果，例如：內政部建築研究所106年出版發行之「住宿式長照服務機構防火及避難安全改善參考手冊」，應用於實務建築物防火安全性能提昇，並以提昇提供長期照顧之機構防火安全性能為目標，透過本計畫實地訪視或輔導等各項工作項目，以彙整成果提供提昇之建議、風險調查報告，並第四節 研擬醫院安全管理初步方針等。本計畫年度執行成果如下：
一、輔導醫療及照護機構提昇防火安全性能
針對提供精神醫療機構(含精神科醫院、設置精神科病房之綜合醫院或醫院)及提供住宿式長期照顧機構，為本年度防火安全性能訪視或輔導之推動對象，本計畫原擬擇定10案機構進行現地輔導或訪視，本年度依照機構意願，報名參與輔導之機構相當踴躍故進行12案之現地輔導或訪視（增加2家機構），其中住宿式長期照顧機構在衛生福利部長期照顧司共同推動下，機構提昇改善意願高，充分肯定本計畫之推動成效與重要性。
二、持續追蹤及協助改善歷年輔導場所
今年度持續推動追蹤輔導111年至113年間已提出輔導報告之防火安全現場輔導機構，本年度追蹤輔導共辦理5案(其中1案為設有精神科病房之綜合醫院或醫院、1案於今年度取得防火標章認證)，顯示其防火安全管理效能已大幅提升，成效卓著，本計畫並將持續協助已現地輔導或訪視之機構提昇防火安全性能。
三、訪視風險調查
針對建築物防火安全性能訪視或輔導，依本年度推動對象共輔導12家，分別已進行風險盤點，說明如下：
(一)精神醫療機構共計6家（含追蹤輔導1案），根據其機構樣態及發現風險，並針對機構其設施設備能力現況，提出2構面方向詳如本報告P59-60。
(二)長期照顧機構共計7家（含團體家屋1家及社區式長照機構1家），並提出「既存可探討風險方向」及「緊急應變可探討強化方向」2構面作為推動之參考方向，詳本報告P60-61。
四、研擬醫院安全管理初步方針
本計畫透過多年實地訪視及輔導經驗，並鑑及113年屏東醫院火災災例事件，檢視其安全管理弱點，經由兩次討論會議提出安全管理方針架構，包含環境風險辨識、火災防止與侷限、特殊危害管理以及人機介面掌握提醒事項。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "114年-建築物防火安全性能提昇推廣計畫-成果報告-0223更新(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336900/8b675f0e-ab18-4928-8eb2-0b30cc836259.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336912", "ModifyDate": "Fri, 13 Feb 2026 03:56:00 GMT", "title": "防火牆火害實驗與數值分析比較研究", "計畫主持人": "陳柏端", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "防火牆、、數值分析", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
防火牆為建築物防火區劃阻隔火與熱之主要構件，在火勢之控制與避難逃生之安全上扮演著極為重要的角色。防火牆之防火時效依照建築術規則建築施工編第 70 條規定，防火構造之承重牆壁在 14 樓以下為一小時，15 樓以上自頂層起算第 15 層以下之各樓層為二小時，非防火構造之防火牆依照技術規則第80 條及第 81 條規定，無論使用不然材料或可燃材料，皆須具有一小時防火時效以作為區劃分隔之用。
目前防火牆在材料使用上可以鋼筋混凝土、鋼骨鋼筋混凝土、鋼骨造而雙面覆以防火被覆、高溫高腰蒸氣保養製造之輕質泡沫混凝土板、磚石牆、空心磚牆、輕隔間牆、白磚牆、陶粒牆等，種類繁多，若加上適當之規劃設計及良好施工，皆可達到防火時效之要求。
防火時效之認定是依據 CNS 12514-1 A3305-1「建築物構造構件耐火試驗法-第 1 部：一般要求事項」(2014/11/03)，及 CNS 12514-8 A3305-8「建築物構造構件耐火試驗法-第 8 部：非承重垂直區劃構件特定要求」(2014/11/03)等二項實驗規定，在標準升溫曲線加熱條件下，透過垂直耐火試驗爐來進行加熱試驗，量測非曝火面溫度以驗證其防火時效。而本所防火實驗中心已建置所需設備並建立相關標準作業程序，並申請內政部建築新技新工法新設備及新材料性能試驗機構指定中，可協助業界進行防火牆試驗與性能評估。
除了試驗外，為建立一套輔助防火實驗中心實驗設備的數值分析模式，節省大型火害實驗之經費與人力，本所經多年研究，已可準確推測鋼構材於火害中之溫度場變化，無論是在標準升溫曲線，或是自訂升溫曲線下，其熱傳數值分析結果皆與實驗數據相吻合。本所並將此研究成果應用分析鋼結構構件防火被覆材料火害檢測及實驗，並分析纖維板、矽酸鈣板、石膏、低密度混凝土板及高密度混凝土板 5 種防火被覆材料，推算出其熱傳行為。本年度應用本所防火實驗中心試驗資料，以數值方法分析實驗結果，歸納防火牆阻熱行為之關鍵參數，探討適合分析之防火牆材料類型，以利後續應用研究及成果推廣。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究應用歷年防火牆實驗數據，以數值方法探討防火牆於火害中之熱傳行為。研究方法包括資料蒐集與整理、理論分析、試驗資料整理與數值分析。
研究方法與步驟如下：
1. 文獻資料之收集與整理。
2. 防火牆歷年試驗資料整理與分析。
3. 防火牆數值分析模擬。
4. 防火牆數值分析與實驗資料比較。
三、研究發現
本研究以數值分析方法探討防火牆之熱傳行為，結論如下：
1. 本研究應用 2019 年防火牆實驗資料，以數值方法分析爐溫經防火牆至非曝火面表面溫度，並與實驗值比較，結果顯示數值方法較為保守。
2. 以數值結果而言，純白磚防火牆之阻熱性良好，因白磚的熱傳導率相較於混凝土仍低，但實驗資料顯示非曝火面溫度升高快速，此現象非是透過白磚試體內部材料熱傳導性質，而是有其他因素造成熱傳速度增快，如裂縫產生、輕質黏著劑效果減弱、或是四周邊界洩漏等，若要直接應用數值分析方法，較為困難。
3. 從實驗數據顯示，白磚牆實驗因溫度低於 100℃，無水汽化熱效果產生，水分影響結果不大，其溫度曲線恆溫現象是非曝火面熱量逸散與室溫介面達到平衡之結果。
4. 在數值分析中，非曝火面與室溫介面之熱量傳遞是應用對流方式進行，然因無量測室溫資料，模擬是以實驗前溫度作為其邊界條件，故會於最後階段有下降趨勢。
四、主要建議事項
進行防火牆火害實驗分析關鍵因素：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：無
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本研究將整合三項子計畫內容，針對淨零建築中各類儲能系統（特別是鋰離子電池）的火災防護需求進行深入探討，從消防救災減災及能源設備管理的角度，建立整合性的火災風險評估模型、主動防護設計及相關技術規範，並研擬火災風險評估工具，提升淨零建築火災風險的消防管理效率及精確性。具體目標包括：
1. 研擬淨零建築環境儲能系統與其他機電設施之設置標準、安全距離及防火配置。
2. 針對現行國內消防法規，提出鋰電池儲能設備防火安全技術規範及管理策略的修訂建議。探討淨零建築環境鋰電池儲能系統的潛在火災風險及其防火安全管理需求。
3. 開發淨零建築環境儲能系統的火災風險評估應用工具，提升火災風險管理的效率及透明度。
整合各子計畫成果，形成適用於國內淨零建築的儲能系統火災風險管理及防火安全技術規範，保障配置儲能系統之空間與使用者的安全。
二、 執行方法及過程
子計畫一、淨零建築儲能系統之防火安全及相關規範彙整，主要依據以下7點執行：(1)蒐集並分析國內外相關技術標準及法規要求，(2)比較國內法規與國外標準的差異，(3)整合成果並撰寫改進建議，(4)案例研究與實地調查，(5)數據分析與技術整合，(6)專家諮詢會議，(7)報告撰寫與成果推廣。
子計畫二、淨零建築環境儲能系統之主動防護與減災技術，探討的主動防護系統可區分四個項目：(1)能源管理系統(EMS)，(2)感測器訊號收集系統，(3)通風系統，(4)滅火系統文獻收集。藉由儲能系統在室內的設置情境，探討前述四項主動防護系統的種類與配置，由相關結果區分為災害預防、即時監控、訊號回饋、主動減災防護等階段，使其達到儲能系統火災的減災效益或災害預防。
子計畫三、淨零建築儲能系統之火災風險評估工具開發應用，主要依據以下4點執行：(1) 風險評估模型建構，(2) 輔助評估工具開發，(3) 使用者介面設計，(4) 工具測試與優化。
三、 重要發現
子計畫一 、淨零建築儲能系統之防火安全及相關規範彙整
(一) 國內外相關法規標準差異分析與修訂初步建議：
我國現行管理方式與國際主流指引（如 NFPA 855、UL 9540A）之間，存在「分級量化不足」與「主動防護滯後」兩大關鍵技術性差距。這兩項差距應作為未來指引修訂的首要目標。
1. 差距一：容量分級與量化設計依據不足
國際指引： 普遍以 kWh 容量分級為基礎（如 Level 1/2/3），明確量化 間距、防火時效、通風量 等關鍵參數，且設計參數必須由 UL 9540A 等實證數據支撐。
我國現況： 缺乏專門的容量分級制度，導致設計依循模糊，難以依風險程度匹配適當的安全等級。
2. 差距二：主動聯動與冷卻抑制策略滯後
國際指引：強制要求 多模態偵測（CO/H2 氣體、溫度、煙霧）與 自動化聯動控制（自動停機、排氣、啟動抑制）。滅火策略多採細水霧等具冷卻效能的系統。
我國現況：偵測、通風、滅火仍停留在傳統設備要求，缺乏即時聯動控制和針對熱失控的冷卻抑制策略。
(二)提出鋰離子電池儲能系統火災風險分析與技術特性報告1式：
為提升建築儲能系統火災防護效能，本研究建議以下策略：
1. 全面導入性能化防火設計（Performance-Based Design, PBD），結合建築BIM模型與CFD模擬技術，依據實際配置條件評估煙氣流動與疏散動線，提供量化依據替代一般條文式設計。
2. 開發自動化火災風險評估工具，建構模組化資料庫與演算平台，協助消防工程師與設計人員進行快速判斷與圖表報告輸出。
3. 儲能系統設置分級管理與依不同容量級距作防火要求，並依不同容量級距要求對應等級之防火間距與滅火裝備。
4. 建議國內法規與標準全面接軌國際。
子計畫二、 淨零建築環境儲能系統之主動防護與減災技術
(一)提出能源管理系統(EMS)與感測器訊號收集系統的整合與改善建議：
本研究收集主動防護系統技術與彙整如下：
1. 可利用電池電壓、溫度、電化學阻抗等原理對熱失控進行早期偵測，但實務上偵測常以模組為單位。
2. 熱失控感測以電壓及排出氣體之偵測最為常見。
3. 自動撒水、水霧等系統因可持續降溫，能阻止復燃。
4. 相關研究確認全氟己酮系統運用於小型空間內可降溫、阻止復燃。
傳統EMS或 BMS 主要專注於電池性能優化，而非安全保護，因此在面對熱失控等嚴重事故時往往無法有效應對。若以電池安全管理系統作為獨立的安全保護層，其功能包括專用危害監控、緊急關機、火災抑制系統啟動等，能在電池表面溫度超過 90°C 或溫度上升速率超過 1°C/s 時接管控制，並採取隔離故障單元與啟動滅火系統等措施。綜合文獻，BESS 的故障容錯與安全管理已成為確保系統可靠運行的方式。透過故障容錯控制策略、故障機制分析、模組化 BMS 設計與專用 BSMS 的結合，可有效提升系統對故障的適應能力與安全性。
(二)擬定淨零建築環境儲能系統設置容量所需對應之排煙系統配置與排煙量參考表1式：
儲能系統於熱失控過程的氣體噴發與煙流，可分為熱失控初期產生的噴出氣體以及燃燒過程的大量煙流。本研究首先探討熱失控初期產生的噴出氣體，於不同參數的通風設計所對應的結果，相關結果如子計畫二報告，表3-8至表3-12所示。
1. 熱失控初期的氣體感測器設置位置分析：
(1) 以文獻中之三元(NMC)及磷酸鐵鋰(LFP)排氣進行模擬，NMC系統可使房間中氣體濃度累積高於可燃下限
(2) 排出氣體之燃燒特性與氫氣相近。
(3) 以10%可燃下限作為作動條件下，最早作動之感測器以氫氣為主，少量乙烯。
(4) 於房間中央天花板下10公分處或空調回風口設置感測器，其作動時間受室內氣流影響，可能有90秒的延遲時間。
2. 熱失控初期的通風系統結果：
(1) 排氣流率對室內氣體殘留濃度影響：(a)高排氣流率(1 m3/s)下，室內各位置的氣體殘留濃度差異較小。(b)低排氣流率(0.0625 m3/s)下，室內各位置的氣體殘留濃度差異較大。
(2) 儲能系統設置空間對室內氣體殘留濃度影響：(a)空間愈大，室內平均氣體殘留濃度下降。(b)高排氣流率(1 m3/s)下，空間長寬比影響排氣效果較小。(3)低排氣流率(0.0625 m3/s)下，通風開口間的正向距離較遠者，排氣效果較差。
(3) 儲能系統排氣氣體量對室內排氣通風的影響：(a)室內氣體殘留濃度上升加快，排氣通風啟動時間提早。(b) 4倍氣體量啟動前超過25% LFL，且流率0.0625 m3/s時，無法使濃度降至25% LFL以下。
(4) 燃燒過程大量煙流的排煙問題，建議於後續研究進行探討。
子計畫三、淨零建築儲能系統之火災風險評估工具開發應用
(一)完成火災風險評估工具1式：
本計畫運用故障樹分析（Fault Tree Analysis, FTA）、事件樹分析（Event Tree Analysis, ETA）、失效模式、效應與關鍵度分析（Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis, FMECA）及風險矩陣（Risk Matrix）等多元方法，建立了適用於儲能系統之火災風險評估模型，並開發出具備操作性與量化功能的火災風險評估工具。工具以 Google Sheets、HTML、PHP、SQL 等技術構建，整合「火災成因調查量表輸入」、「防護層可靠度量表輸入」、「風險模型運算」與「分析報告自動生成」等模組。使用者於輸入相關參數後，系統可自動運算頂層事件發生機率、各種後果情境之機率與損失值，並生成風險矩陣等結果。
評估工具以報表呈現分析成果，不同案例間結果具可比較性，提升分析過程的透明度與客觀性。研究成果有效降低了風險評估的專業門檻，使非專業使用者亦能進行初步量化分析；同時，該工具可協助業界比較不同防護策略之效益，提供決策者、管理者及消防專業人員以量化依據，明確掌握儲能系統的風險等級並據以制定防護決策。未來，此工具可作為消防工程師執行性能化防火設計與風險驗證之輔助平台，推動火災風險管理的科學化與數據化，促進淨零建築與儲能產業的安全永續發展。
(二)提供工具內部測試評估結果：
本計畫開發完成適用於儲能系統的火災風險評估輔助工具。該工具整合多種風險分析模型，能協助儲能空間管理者、火災風險評估者及消防工程師識別與評估潛在火災風險，藉以降低火災發生的可能性並提升整體防護水準。其次，完成工具之內部測試與評估，可適用不同設計情境的儲能案場。此外，辦理兩場專家講習會，公開發表火災風險評估工具的開發成果，進行現場操作示範與實務交流，蒐集學術與產業界意見，作為後續功能擴充與制度化推廣之依據。
未來可考慮將本研究所建之模型拓展至其他相關場域。例如，電動車充電站與停車場是新興的儲能/儲電設施，其火災機制與儲能場域類似，模型中可納入電池充電器、車載電池等事故因子，以及相應的電氣保護、防火間隔等防護層參數。資料機房或通訊中心等場所也可採用類似方法，在原有模型基礎上新增UPS電池、機房冷卻系統等元素，擴大評估範圍。這些拓展將使評估工具能服務更多淨零建築應用場景，提供跨領域的風險分析能力。
另一方面，可導入生成式AI（如大型語言模型Large Language Model, LLM）以強化工具的互動與分析能力。LLM具有理解自然語言並生成回饋的能力，還可處理圖像、影像等多模態資料。此外，未來可設計智能助手功能，讓使用者以對話或語意方式查詢風險結果或輸入場域資訊；或結合影像分析，讓系統能自動辨識現場設備狀況。研究指出，專家建議增設引導式介面與文字化說明，以降低使用者門檻；結合LLM的交互式解釋，可讓使用者更直觀地理解模型運算原理和防護層效益。綜合而言，結合AI技術將進一步提升評估準確性與使用者體驗，使工具在未來具備更高的智能化與可擴展性。
(三)辦理一次風險評估工具專家講習會：
本研究已辦理二次風險評估工具專家講習會。
四、 建議事項
建議一、建議完善初版儲能系統火災風險評估輔助工具的功能與開發(短期建議)
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、中華民國消防設備師公會全國聯合會、中華民國消防設備士公會全國聯合會、中華民國消防設備師(士)協會、中華民國消防工程器材商業同業公會全國聯合會、台灣消防器材工業同業公會
1. 火災風險評估工具已初步建立完成，但尚未有案例進行評估，建議後續以不同型式或設置案例，以本評估工具探討不同參數對風險評估結果的影響性，提升火災風險評估工具分析結果的可靠度及穩定度。
2. 當此風險評估輔助工具完善開發之後，可朝向建議將建築基地內的儲能系統火災風險評估納入現有指引中，或要求一定規模以上的儲能案場，以本工具分析結果進行風險評估，後續研究配合研討建立主管機關審查機制。此風險評估輔助工具，能確保儲能案場在規劃階段即辨識潛在危害並採取必要安全對策；評估結果作為主管機關審查與風險管控之依據。
建議二、建議續研建築基地內的儲能系統檢測認證與申報建檔制度，研提成熟管理機制供主管機關推動參考（短期建議）
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關： 經濟部能源署、內政部消防署、內政部國土署
1. 建築基地內設置的儲能系統，需通過CNS相關產品檢測要求。
2. 設置容量超過20kWh以上，需遵守『提升儲能系統消防安全管理指引』的相關內容。相關資料與設置區域，需讓地方消防機關或中央機構建檔。若相關資料或設置區域有變動，需向地方消防機關或中央機構報備與更新相關資料。
3. 設置儲能系統之區域，需定期檢測與消防演練，如建立例行維修制度，定期測試 BMS 和緊急斷電功能；並透過實地演練檢驗應變計畫，以強化緊急事故的應變能力。
建議三、持續深化建築基地內設置儲能系統，個案性能評估與主動防護整合研究，建構成熟審查機制供主管機關推動落實(中期建議)
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、中華民國消防設備師(士)協會、中華民國消防設備師公會全國聯合會、中華民國消防設備士公會全國聯合會
儲能系統的主動防護技術可分為：電池、能源管理系統、氣體偵測器、通風系統、消防灑水系統。本研究發現儲能系統排出之可燃性氣體有累積、爆炸之風險；因此儲能系統設置空間，應設置對應之氣體偵測及通風系統，藉此減低電池模組系統在熱失控初期的災害程度。相關氣體偵測及通風系統的整合設計，建議個案進行性能式評估。
此外，電池模組熱失控為一連串的化學反應，如果不能有效減低電池模組溫度，只依靠氣體偵測器與通風系統 ，未必能有效控制電池模組熱失控的災害。因此，消防灑水系統的配套措施，便是進一步需要探討的重點。建議後續探討消防灑水系統各項參數，對儲能系統在熱失控過程的災害控制與減災效益。最後可將氣體偵測、通風系統與消防灑水系統，進行整合設計，並依據電池模組熱失控的情況，啟動相對應的主動防護系統，達到災害控制與減災效益。
建議四、建議持續深化研究建築基地內設置儲能系統的分級與標準化審查機制，作為主管機關研修規定之依據(中期建議)
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、內政部國土署、經濟部能源署
1. 建立技術指引之容量分級制度，建議指引應採三級制（小於等於 20 kWh、20-80 kWh、小於等於 600 kWh）。作為所有技術要求的基礎，其目的為透過容量分級，提供設計者與審查者明確的風險界線，使防火要求得以差異化配置，降低法規適用的模糊性。
2. 應制定標準化的 PBD（性能式設計）審查 SOP，將危害緩解分析（HMA）、CFD 模擬結果及 UL 9540A測試報告納入技術指引，作為高風險案場（中大型系統）的設計驗證依據。
建議五、建議續予研析儲能系統全生命週期管理與權責執行架構，以建構具體成熟制度提供主管機關作為推動參考 (中期建議)
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、經濟部能源署、內政部國土署
建立儲能系統全生命週期安全管理制度：
1. 維運監控：『提升儲能系統消防安全管理指引』可導入CNS 62932-2-2 (IEC 62932-2-2) 的安全架構，強調 事件記錄、年度功能測試（偵測、滅火、通風聯動）等納入強制性維護規範。
2. 事故通報機制：建議建立「BESS 安全事故通報資料庫」，整合事故通報、調查與回饋機制，作為『提升儲能系統消防安全管理指引』滾動修正的依據。
", "英文摘要": "I.Background
This study will integrate the contents of three sub-projects to conduct an in-depth exploration of the fire protection needs of various energy storage systems (especially lithium-ion batteries) in zero-net buildings. From the perspectives of fire prevention, disaster relief, and energy equipment management, it will establish an integrated fire risk assessment model, active protection design, and related technical specifications, and develop fire risk assessment tools to improve the efficiency and accuracy of fire risk management in zero-net buildings. Specific objectives include:
1. Developing standards, safety distances, and fire protection configurations for the installation of energy storage systems and other electromechanical facilities in zero-net buildings.
2. Proposing revisions to the fire safety technical specifications and management strategies for lithium battery energy storage equipment in accordance with current domestic fire regulations. Exploring the potential fire risks of lithium battery energy storage systems in zero-net building environments and their fire safety management needs.
3. Developing fire risk assessment application tools for energy storage systems in zero-net buildings to improve the efficiency and transparency of fire risk management.
Integrating the results of each sub-project, a fire risk management and fire safety technical specification for energy storage systems applicable to zero-net buildings in Taiwan will be formed to ensure the safety of spaces where energy storage systems are installed and the safety of users.
II.Implementation Methods and Processes
Sub-project 1, Fire Safety and Related Standards Compilation for Net-Zero Building Energy Storage Systems, is mainly implemented based on the following seven points: (1) Collecting and analyzing relevant domestic and international technical standards and regulatory requirements; (2) Comparing the differences between domestic regulations and international standards; (3) Integrating results and writing improvement suggestions; (4) Case studies and field investigations; (5) Data analysis and technology integration; (6) Expert consultation meetings; (7) Report writing and results promotion.
Sub-project 2, Active Protection and Disaster Mitigation Technologies for Net-Zero Building Environmental Energy Storage Systems, explores four active protection systems: (1) Energy Management System (EMS); (2) Sensor Signal Collection System; (3) Ventilation System; (4) Fire Extinguishing System Literature Collection. Based on the indoor installation scenario of the energy storage system, the types and configurations of the aforementioned four active protection systems are explored. The results are categorized into stages such as disaster prevention, real-time monitoring, signal feedback, and active disaster mitigation, aiming to achieve the disaster mitigation benefits or disaster prevention of energy storage system fires.
Sub-project 3, the development and application of fire risk assessment tools for net-zero building energy storage systems, is mainly carried out based on the following 4 points: (1) risk assessment model construction, (2) auxiliary assessment tool development, (3) user interface design, and (4) tool testing and optimization.
III.Key Findings
Sub-project 1: Compilation of Fire Safety and Related Regulations for Net-Zero Building Energy Storage Systems
(I) Analysis of Differences in Domestic and International Regulations and Standards and Preliminary Recommendations for Revision:
There are two key technical gaps between Taiwan's current management methods and mainstream international guidelines (such as NFPA 855 and UL 9540A): insufficient capacity grading and quantification, and lagging active protection. These two gaps should be the primary targets for future guideline revisions.
1.Gap 1: Insufficient Basis for Capacity Grading and Quantification Design
International Guidelines: Generally based on kWh capacity grading (such as Level 1/2/3), clearly quantifying key parameters such as spacing, fire resistance duration, and ventilation volume. Design parameters must be supported by empirical data such as UL 9540A.
Taiwan's Current Situation: Lack of a dedicated capacity grading system leads to vague design guidelines and difficulty in matching appropriate safety levels according to risk levels. 2. Gap Two: Lagging Active Linkage and Cooling Suppression Strategies
International Guidelines: Mandatory requirements for multimodal detection (CO/H2 gas, temperature, smoke) and automated linkage control (automatic shutdown, exhaust, start-up suppression). Fire suppression strategies primarily utilize systems with cooling capabilities, such as fine water mist.
Current Situation in China: Detection, ventilation, and fire suppression still rely on traditional equipment requirements, lacking real-time linkage control and cooling suppression strategies to address thermal runaway.
(II) Proposed Form 1 for Fire Risk Analysis and Technical Characteristic Report of Lithium-ion Battery Energy Storage Systems:
To improve the fire protection effectiveness of building energy storage systems, this study recommends the following strategies:
1.Fully implement Performance-Based Design (PBD), combining building BIM models and CFD simulation technology to assess smoke flow and evacuation routes based on actual configuration conditions, providing quantitative evidence to replace general clause-based design.
2.Develop automated fire risk assessment tools, construct modular databases and calculation platforms to assist fire engineers and designers in rapid judgment and graphical report output.
3.Energy storage systems should be managed in a tiered manner, with fire protection requirements based on different capacity levels, and corresponding fire separation distances and firefighting equipment should be provided according to these capacity levels.
4.It is recommended that domestic regulations and standards be fully aligned with international standards.
Sub-project Two: Active Protection and Disaster Mitigation Technologies for Net-Zero Building Environment Energy Storage Systems
(I)Suggestions for the integration and improvement of Energy Management Systems (EMS) and sensor signal collection systems:
This study collected and summarized active protection system technologies as follows:
1.Early detection of thermal runaway can be achieved using principles such as battery voltage, temperature, and electrochemical impedance; however, in practice, detection is often done at the module level.
2.Thermal runaway sensing is most commonly based on voltage and exhaust gas detection.
3.Automatic sprinkler and water mist systems can prevent reignition due to continuous cooling.
4.Related research confirms that perfluorohexanone systems can cool and prevent reignition in small spaces.
Traditional EMS or BMS primarily focus on battery performance optimization rather than safety protection, thus often failing to effectively respond to severe accidents such as thermal runaway. If a battery safety management system is used as an independent safety protection layer, its functions include dedicated hazard monitoring, emergency shutdown, and fire suppression system activation. It can take over control when the battery surface temperature exceeds 90°C or the temperature rise rate exceeds 1°C/s, and take measures such as isolating faulty units and activating fire suppression systems. Based on literature review, fault tolerance and safety management in BESS have become a way to ensure reliable system operation. By combining fault-tolerant control strategies, fault mechanism analysis, modular BMS design, and a dedicated BSMS, the system's adaptability to faults and safety can be effectively improved.
(II)Reference Table 1 for the configuration and smoke exhaust system volume corresponding to the required capacity of the net-zero building environment energy storage system:
The gas ejection and smoke flow during the thermal runaway process of the energy storage system can be divided into the ejected gas generated in the initial stage of thermal runaway and the large amount of smoke flow during the combustion process. This study first explores the results of ventilation designs with different parameters for the ejected gases generated in the early stages of thermal runaway. The relevant results are shown in Tables 3-8 to 3-12.
1.Analysis of gas sensor placement in the early stages of thermal runaway:
(1)Simulation using ternary lithium-ion (NMC) and lithium iron phosphate (LFP) exhaust gases from the literature shows that the NMC system can cause the gas concentration in the room to accumulate above the lower flammability limit.
(2)The combustion characteristics of the exhaust gas are similar to those of hydrogen.
(3)Under the condition of 10% lower flammability limit, the earliest activated sensor mainly emits hydrogen, with a small amount of ethylene.
(4)Sensors placed 10 cm below the ceiling in the center of the room or at the air conditioning return air vent have an activation time affected by indoor airflow, possibly with a delay of 90 seconds.
2.Ventilation system results in the early stages of thermal runaway:
(1)Influence of exhaust flow rate on indoor residual gas concentration: (a) At a high exhaust flow rate (1 m³/s), the difference in residual gas concentration at different locations in the room is small. (b) At a low exhaust flow rate (0.0625 m³/s), the residual gas concentration varies significantly across different locations within the room.
(2)The impact of the energy storage system's installation space on indoor residual gas concentration: (a) The larger the space, the lower the average indoor residual gas concentration. (b) At a high exhaust flow rate (1 m³/s), the length-to-width ratio of the space has a smaller impact on exhaust performance. (c) At a low exhaust flow rate (0.0625 m³/s), the greater the forward distance between ventilation openings, the worse the exhaust performance.
(3)The impact of the energy storage system's exhaust gas volume on indoor ventilation: (a) A faster increase in indoor residual gas concentration leads to earlier ventilation start-up time. (b) When the gas volume exceeds 25% LFL before start-up (4 times the normal operating flow rate), and the flow rate is 0.0625 m³/s, it is impossible to reduce the concentration below 25% LFL.
(4)The issue of exhausting large amounts of smoke during combustion needs to be addressed in the next year's research.
Sub-project 3: Development and Application of Fire Risk Assessment Tools for Net-Zero Building Energy Storage Systems
(I)Completion of Fire Risk Assessment Tool 1:
This project utilizes multiple methods, including Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Event Tree Analysis (ETA), Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), and Risk Matrix, to establish a fire risk assessment model suitable for energy storage systems and develop an operational and quantitative fire risk assessment tool. The tool is built using technologies such as Google Sheets, HTML, PHP, and SQL, integrating modules for "Fire Cause Investigation Scale Input," "Protection Layer Reliability Measurement Scale Input," "Risk Model Calculation," and "Automatic Analysis Report Generation." After users input relevant parameters, the system automatically calculates the probability of top-level events, the probability of various consequence scenarios, and loss values, and generates results such as a risk matrix.
The assessment tool presents the analysis results in reports, making the results comparable across different cases, thus enhancing the transparency and objectivity of the analysis process. The research findings effectively lower the professional threshold for risk assessment, enabling non-professional users to conduct preliminary quantitative analysis. Simultaneously, this tool assists the industry in comparing the effectiveness of different protection strategies, providing decision-makers, managers, and fire protection professionals with quantitative data to clearly understand the risk level of energy storage systems and formulate protection decisions accordingly. In the future, this tool can serve as an auxiliary platform for fire engineers to implement performance-based fire protection design and risk verification, promoting the scientific and data-driven management of fire risks and fostering the safe and sustainable development of net-zero buildings and the energy storage industry.
(II)Providing Internal Testing and Evaluation Results:
This project has developed a fire risk assessment auxiliary tool applicable to energy storage systems. This tool integrates multiple risk analysis models, assisting energy storage space managers, fire risk assessors, and fire engineers in identifying and assessing potential fire risks, thereby reducing the likelihood of fires and improving overall protection levels. Furthermore, the tool has undergone internal testing and evaluation, making it applicable to energy storage sites with different design scenarios. In addition, two expert workshops were held to publicly present the development results of the fire risk assessment tool, conduct on-site demonstrations and practical exchanges, and collect opinions from academia and industry as a basis for subsequent functional expansion and institutional promotion.
In the future, the model developed in this research can be extended to other relevant fields. For example, electric vehicle charging stations and parking lots are emerging energy storage/electricity storage facilities, and their fire mechanisms are similar to those of energy storage sites. The model can incorporate accident factors such as battery chargers and vehicle batteries, as well as corresponding electrical protection and fire separation parameters. A similar approach can be used for data centers or communication centers, adding elements such as UPS batteries and data center cooling systems to the existing model to expand the assessment scope. These expansions will enable the assessment tool to serve more net-zero building application scenarios, providing cross-domain risk analysis capabilities.
On the other hand, generative AI (such as Large Language Models, LLMs) can be introduced to enhance the tool's interactivity and analytical capabilities. LLMs have the ability to understand natural language and generate feedback, and can also process multimodal data such as images and videos. Furthermore, future designs could incorporate intelligent assistant functions, allowing users to query risk results or input site information through dialogue or semantics; or, by combining image analysis, the system could automatically identify the status of on-site equipment. The study indicates that experts recommend adding guided interfaces and textual explanations to lower the user barrier; combined with interactive explanations of LLM, users can more intuitively understand the model's operational principles and the benefits of protective layers. In summary, integrating AI technology will further improve assessment accuracy and user experience, enabling the tool to possess greater intelligence and scalability in the future.
(III)Conducting one expert workshop on risk assessment tools:
This study has already conducted two expert workshops on risk assessment tools.
", "相關檔案": "1-總計畫-淨零建築儲能系統之減災技術、防火安全及火災風險評估應用計畫(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336843/495fd270-11b0-46e6-953d-c073f661d455.pdf);2-子計畫一、淨零建築儲能系統之防火安全及相關規範彙整(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336843/4111f783-d9c5-43fb-aa9b-db285a5a2c57.pdf);3-子計畫二、淨零建築環境儲能系統之主動防護與減災技術(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336843/a3d84b25-d06f-4e8b-af95-5e59113eff4f.pdf);4-子計畫三、零建築儲能系統之火災風險評估工具開發及應用(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336843/95b31b49-ef40-47b9-a7e5-ee7656221652.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336822", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 05:47:00 GMT", "title": "火害後鋼筋混凝土握裹力衰減之人工智慧量化評估技術研究", "計畫主持人": "林俊宏", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "握裹力傷損段偵測、火燒延時估計、人工智慧圖形辨識", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
研究緣起於臺灣火災頻繁，其中又以建築物火災發生次數最高，佔民國 113 年 1 至 6 月火災總數 9,501 次的 26.9%。火害對混凝土結構的損害至關重要，因高溫下的持續時間和最高溫度會導致混凝土材料（如水泥、骨料、鋼筋）的物理和化學性質改變，影響結構性能。
既有研究已證明波速式非破壞性檢測（NDT）技術應用於火害後結構調查的可行性。剪-壓波速比（Vs/Vp）可推估火場最高溫度，而多頻道表面波震測可評估混凝土內傷損深度。
然而，現行非破壞性檢測仍存在以下三個主要問題亟待克服：
1.火災延燒時長估計的缺乏：雖然可推估最高溫度和傷損深度，但對於火災持續時間尚無法進行估計，這是火場調查中一項重要的參考數據。
2.儀器設備操作的不便利性：既有的導波系統需要在雜亂潮濕的火災現場整合震源、接收器、放大器等多項元件，且現有振動接收器（平面設計）難以有效貼合火害後膨脹或破裂的混凝土不平整表面。
3.握裹力傷損判識的主觀性：過去研究人員主要透過時間-頻率域圖的圖形特徵形狀（例如「靴狀」特徵表示傷損，「水滴狀」表示無傷損）來定性辨識鋼筋握裹力是否傷損，但這種方法容易受到人為主觀影響，且難以在短時間內分析大量圖形資料，缺乏自動化的標準分析流程。
二、研究方法及過程
為解決上述困境，本年度研究設定了三大目標：
(一) 彈性波速火害後檢測技術服務之推廣提升
1.改善導波量測硬體設備的現場應用便利性，包括建構輔助震源及感測器等施作輔具。
2.建構彈性波速火害後檢測技術之應用手冊，提供量測原理、應用流程、效率及標準流程。
(二) 火災延燒時長推估技術建立
1.利用一維熱傳理論程式，結合波速量測獲得的火害深度與最高溫度，推估火災延燒時長，並透過室內仿真火害試驗進行驗證。
(三) 應用人工智慧深度學習於鋼筋握裹力傷損段判斷方法建立
1.蒐集並建置火害握裹力傷損資料庫，使用人工智慧深度學習（YOLO 系列）技術，辨識導波量測所得的時頻圖訊號，以實現快速、客觀的分析。
三、重要發現
(一) 建構更具現場應用性之導波量測硬體設備
1.完成可調間距之多頻道振動接收器的固定架的設計，以及接收器探頭優化方案，並由頻散曲線之成果顯示在經過接收器探頭優化後，仍能正確呈現混凝土的材料特性。
(二) 彈性波速火害後檢測技術服務之推廣提升
1.完成應用手冊撰寫(如附錄五)。
(三) 火災延燒時長推估技術建立
1.為有效評估混凝土構件於火害後之損傷情形，本研究以Matlab語法撰寫一套基於一維熱傳導理論之延燒時長推估技術。
2. 熱擴散係數對於持溫時間估計的影響顯著，且與最高溫度有關，因此建議採用1.12(10-5m2/min)作為理論推估使用。
3. 建議在普通住宅火災升溫速率設定20℃/min；倉庫火災升溫速率設定40℃/min；隧道火災升溫速率設定150℃/min。
4. 延燒時長推估技術經靈敏度測試後發現，延時理論推估在表面溫度較低及升溫速率較慢之火場，其推估的偏差量較大，在使用上須注意此特性。
5. 在仿真火害實驗中，以理論推估比對電熱偶線所紀錄之延燒時長資料，最大誤差為34分鐘，最小誤差為7分鐘。
(四) 應用人工智慧深度學習於鋼筋握裹力傷損段判斷方法建立
1. 在訓練樣本以擬握裹力喪失的實際位置來標定，模型在 1000 次訓練迴圈後，於訓練與驗證階段中在標準化的驗證集上展現出高度穩定的偵測與分類能力。其中，模型的 Precision 與 Recall 分別穩定維持在約 1.00 與 0.95～1.00；在 IoU = 0.5 的條件下，mAP@0.5 接近 1.00，而更嚴格的 mAP@0.5:0.95 亦可達到約 0.85。
2.在推論階段（detect），模型應用於未曾見過的資料時，其偵測結果的信心分數多介於 0.84～0.88，經人工檢視後，其實際分類正確率約為 73%，顯示模型在真實應用環境中仍可能受到資料差異的影響，亦提供後續模型優化的重要參考方向。
四、主要建議事項
建議一:
非破壞檢測於火害後鋼筋混凝土性能診斷研究:立即可行建議
主辦機關:內政部建築研究所
協辦機關:內政部國土管理署
本年度透過人工智能加強握裹力損傷段檢測之準確性，然而在握裹力傷損檢測方面，尚未能就傷損段提出其握裹力折減之建議值，使得結構安全評估端無法直接將檢測成果導入結構分析中。為此，未來若能進一步利用此技術，在探討握裹力折減之影響因子同時，建立握裹力折減係數之估算方法，以建立檢測成果與結構安全評估端之連結，增加既有技術在結構安全評估之實用性。
建議二:
人工智慧深度學習模型資料庫擴充:中長期建議
主辦機關:內政部建築研究所
協辦機關:內政部國土管理署
本年度已將人工智慧深度學習模型之資料庫擴充到368張影像，未來建議可增加不同保護層厚度及不同混凝土強度試體之時間-頻率域影像，同時可隨著火場調查團隊到案發現場蒐集現地資料，如此可增加影像的多樣性，使其應用更為廣泛。
", "英文摘要": "1.Research Background
The research originates from the high frequency of fires in Taiwan, particularly building fires, which accounted for the largest portion (26.9%) of the total 9,501 fires occurring from January to June 2024. Fire damage to concrete structures is critical, as the duration of high temperatures and the maximum temperature reached alter the physical and chemical properties of concrete materials (such as cement, aggregates, and rebar), affecting structural performance.
Existing research has demonstrated the feasibility of applying wave velocity non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for post-fire structural investigation. The shear-to-pressure wave velocity ratio (𝑉𝑠/𝑉𝑝) can estimate the peak temperature experienced during the fire, while multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) can assess the depth of damage within the concrete.
However, current NDT methods still face three major issues that require resolution:
1.Lack of Fire Duration Estimation: While peak temperatures and damage depth can be estimated, the duration of the fire ~ a crucial reference data point for fire investigations ~ cannot currently be estimated.
2.Inconvenient Equipment Operation: Existing guided wave systems require the integration of multiple components (source, receivers, amplifiers) in messy, damp fire scenes. Furthermore, existing vibration receivers (with flat designs) struggle to effectively adhere to the uneven, expanded, or cracked surfaces of fire-damaged concrete.
3.Subjectivity in Bond Strength Damage Identification: In the past, researchers primarily relied on the shape of time-frequency domain plots (e.g., a "boot shape" indicating damage, a "water drop shape" indicating no damage) to qualitatively identify if the rebar-concrete bond strength was compromised. This method is susceptible to human subjectivity and makes it difficult to analyze large amounts of graphic data quickly, lacking an automated standard analysis procedure.
2.Research Methods and Process
To address the above difficulties, this year's research set three major objectives:
(I) Promotion and Improvement of Elastic Wave Velocity Detection Technology for Post-Fire Assessment:
1.Improve the convenience of guided wave measurement hardware for field application, including constructing auxiliary tools for sources and sensors.
2.Develop an application manual for elastic wave velocity post-fire detection technology, providing measurement principles, application procedures, efficiency guidelines, and standard workflows.
(II) Establishment of Fire Duration Estimation Technology:
1.Utilize a one-dimensional heat transfer theory program to estimate the fire duration by combining the damage depth and peak temperature obtained from wave velocity measurements, verifying the results through indoor simulated fire experiments.
(III) Application of Artificial Intelligence Deep Learning for Rebar Bond Strength Damage Segment Identification:
1.Collect and establish a database of fire-damaged bond strength data, using artificial intelligence deep learning (YOLO series) technology to identify the time-frequency plot signals obtained from guided wave measurements, achieving fast and objective analysis.
3.Important Findings
(I) Construction of Waveguide Measurement Hardware with Enhanced On-site Applicability
1.Completed the design of an adjustable-spacing multi-channel vibration receiver fixture and an optimization plan for the receiver probes. The results from the dispersion curves demonstrated that the optimized receiver probes can still accurately represent the material properties of concrete.
(II) Promotion and Improvement of Elastic Wave Velocity Detection Technology Service after Fire Damage
Completed the writing of the application manual (as shown in Appendix V).
(III) Establishment of Fire Duration Estimation Technique during Fire Spread
1.To effectively evaluate the damage degree of concrete components after fire damage, this study used Matlab programming language to develop a fire duration estimation technique based on the one-dimensional heat conduction theory.
2.The thermal diffusivity significantly affects the estimation of the sustained heating time and is related to the maximum temperature. Therefore, it is recommended to use 1.12 (10⁻⁵ m²/min) for theoretical estimation.
3.It is suggested to set the temperature rise rate at 20°C/min for ordinary residential fires, 40°C/min for warehouse fires, and 150°C/min for tunnel fires.
4.After a sensitivity test of the fire duration estimation technique, it was found that the deviation of the theoretical estimation is larger in fire scenes with lower surface temperatures and slower heating rates. This characteristic should be noted during application.
5.In the simulated fire damage experiments, the maximum error between the theoretical estimation and the fire duration data recorded by the thermocouples was 34 minutes, and the minimum error was 7 minutes.
(IV) Application of Artificial Intelligence Deep Learning to Establish a Method for Judging the Damaged Section of Steel Rebar Bond Strength
1.By labeling the actual location of the simulated bond strength loss in the training samples, the model exhibited highly stable detection and classification capabilities on the standardized validation set after 1000 training epochs during the training and validation phases. The model's Precision and Recall remained stable at approximately 1.00 and 0.95-1.00, respectively; at IoU = 0.5, mAP@0.5 was close to 1.00, and the stricter mAP@0.5:0.95 reached approximately 0.85.
2.In the inference (detection) stage, when the model was applied to unseen data, the confidence scores of the detection results were mostly between 0.84 and 0.88. After manual inspection, the actual classification accuracy was about 73%, indicating that the model may still be affected by data differences in real application environments and providing an important reference direction for subsequent model optimization.
4.Major Recommendations
Proposal 1:
Research on Performance Diagnosis of Reinforced Concrete After Fire Damage Using Non-Destructive Testing:Immediately Feasible Recommendations
Lead Agency:Architecture and Building Research Institute , Ministry of the Interior ROC(Taiwan)
Co-organizers:National Land Management Agency, Ministry of the Interior
This year, the accuracy of non-destructive testing for bond strength damage sections has been enhanced through the application of artificial intelligence. However, for the assessment of bond strength damage, recommended reduction values for the damaged sections have yet to be proposed. This current limitation prevents the direct integration of testing results into structural analysis for safety assessments. Therefore, it is recommended that this technology be further utilized in the future to establish an estimation method for the bond strength reduction coefficient, while simultaneously investigating the influencing factors for this reduction. This will link testing outcomes with structural safety evaluation, thereby increasing the practical applicability of the existing technology in structural safety assessments.
Proposal 2:
Expansion of the Artificial Intelligence Deep Learning Model Database:Medium- and long-term recommendations
Lead Agency: Architecture and Building Research Institute , Ministry of the Interior ROC(Taiwan)
Co-organizers: National Land Management Agency, Ministry of the Interior
This year, the database for the artificial intelligence deep learning model has been expanded to include 368 images. It is recommended that, in the future, time-frequency domain images from specimens with varying concrete cover depths and different concrete strengths be added. Concurrently, data should be collected on-site at fire scenes in collaboration with fire investigation teams. This approach will increase the diversity of the image data, allowing for a broader range of applications.
", "相關檔案": "火害後鋼筋混凝土握裹力衰減之人工智慧量化評估技術研究_成果報告_合併版20260119(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336822/29c8c3c6-3a8f-4a32-97d0-c38a45d1fb1f.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336820", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 03:02:00 GMT", "title": "智慧無人機結合早期火警偵測技術應用於大型廠房倉儲空間之研究", "計畫主持人": "游坤明", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "安全防災組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "智慧型火災預警、人工智慧、深度學習物件辨識技術、物聯網、邊緣計算", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
隨著科技進步與工業化的加速，廠房與倉儲空間逐漸趨向大型化與複雜化。另一方面，全球新冠疫情促使消費行為快速轉向線上購物，帶動物流產業蓬勃發展。物流業者透過導入高密度儲存解決方案與高速分揀系統，以提供快速、節省空間且具高彈性的服務，滿足市場對快速反應的需求。然而，隨著物流倉儲建築日益高層化、大面積化與自動化，消防安全問題也愈發嚴峻。2022年3月10日，桃園市「美福倉儲」火災歷經21天才撲滅，創下國內救火最長紀錄，嚴重影響周邊居民生活安全。2024年12月19日，台中市大肚區全聯倉儲火災導致9人死亡、8人受傷。2025年1月4日，高雄市觀音工業區臻鼎集團先豐通訊公司兩棟廠房起火，因現場存放有毒物質，黑煙對周邊環境造成影響。這些重大火災事件突顯在大型工業與倉儲空間中，火災預防與早期偵測的重要性。大型廠房與倉儲建築的防火安全，不僅是企業永續經營的關鍵課題，更是台灣社會與地方政府需高度關注的公共安全問題之一。
隨著建築與消防安全設備技術的快速發展，如何應用智慧化建築防火科技來輔助安全管理與環境防護，已成為重要的新興研究議題。傳統火警偵測系統在大型廠房與倉儲空間中，常因距離與障礙物影響而失效，無法即時發現火災初期徵兆。因此，結合智慧無人機與早期火警偵測技術，提供更有效的火災預防方案以防患未然，顯得尤為重要。
智慧無人機(又稱智慧無人航空載具)的應用在火警偵測中具有多方面的優勢。首先，智慧無人機具有高機動性和靈活性，能夠迅速覆蓋大型廠房倉儲空間的每個角落。其次，智慧無人機搭載先進的感測器和攝影機，可以即時偵測和傳輸火災初期的異常情況。此外，智慧無人機還能進行定期巡查，避免傳統固定偵測器盲區的問題。結合智慧無人機和早期火警偵測技術，能夠在火災初期即刻反應，避免火勢擴大，減少財產損失和人員傷亡。尤其是在存放易燃物品或高度自動化的廠房倉儲空間中，火災的早期偵測和處理更為關鍵。
內政部建研所於113年度「倉儲建築環境異常智慧預警偵蒐系統用於增進火災安全管理之研究」計畫，藉由人工智慧深度學習物件辨識與異質資料融合技術，進行物流倉儲建築環境潛在火源之偵測，初步已有可行性研究成果。本計畫將持續精進運用智慧無人機功能與熱感影像及RGB影像資訊，並整合人工智慧深度學習、邊緣計算等技術，於火災起火之極早期提供相關之預警資訊，將可讓救災人員在最短時間內掌的重要預警資訊，有效地提高大型廠房倉儲建築物之防火與環境安全。
二、研究方法及過程
本計畫「智慧無人機結合早期火警偵測技術應用於大型廠房倉儲空間之研究」是以火災偵蒐與預警來增進火災安全管理為主要目的，藉由智慧型預防性消防巡檢設備，採行「紅外線熱成像」、「人工智慧深度學習」、「邊緣計算」、「異質資訊融合」、「物聯網氣體感測」等技術，並提供貨品定位及即時通報管理單位之功能，於物流倉儲空間進行「整合式智慧型預防性消防巡檢設備」的功能驗證。
本研究是透過紅外線熱成像、物聯網氣體感測、邊緣計算與人工智慧演算影像技術進行整合，並提供貨品定位及即時通報管理單位之功能，於物流倉儲空間進行「整合式智慧型預防性消防巡檢設備」的功能驗證，因此將採用下列步驟進行研究：
1.相關文獻資料分析法：
蒐集與分析國內外無人航空載具（UAV）於火災預警應用上的相關文獻與案例，探討現有系統的技術架構、優缺點及應用成效，並彙整UAV搭載感測器（如熱像儀、氣體感測器等）在大型倉儲建築中的應用挑戰與解決方案，作為本研究系統架構與功能模組設計的重要依據。
2.整合系統：
延續先前研究成果，整合多種技術模組，包括RGB與紅外線熱影像蒐集與分析、空氣環境感測（如CO、CO₂、溫溼度等）、基於深度學習模型之影像異常偵測、飛行導航與貨品定位模組，以及邊緣端即時分析與通報平台。上述模組將整合至智慧無人機平台，形成一套可自主巡航與異常即時回報的整合系統，並透過模組間通訊協定實現異質資訊融合與系統穩定運行。
3.系統實測：
系統建置完成後，將與合作之大型倉儲業者於實際倉儲環境中進行實地測試，透過放置安全的模擬熱源，驗證系統在火災初期徵兆偵測之準確性與反應時間。同時，評估智慧無人機在倉儲空間內的飛行覆蓋能力、感測器偵測準確度與系統通報即時性，並根據測試結果進行系統優化與調整，提升其應用實效與可靠性。
4.諮詢專家學者座談
邀請國內相關領域的專業學者協助針對本研究所提出之系統以及研究進行指導，並將於研究中所遭遇的問題以及瓶頸狀況詳細描述以及條列敘述，於專家學者座談會中進行探討，讓專業領域學者協助本研究之推展。
三、重要發現與研究成果
本研究在設計智慧無人機與文獻蒐集中，有以下發現：
（一）重要發現
1.智慧無人機具備高機動性與靈活調度的特性，可以突破人工巡查與固定式感測器的限制，特別適用於高層貨架、狹窄通道及人員不易到達的區域。其搭載的感測模組與影像設備能即時回傳多模態數據，不僅能提高倉儲管理效率，亦可在盤點作業、空間監測與異常偵測中展現出更高的準確性與安全性。相較於傳統人工作業，智慧無人機巡檢還能降低人員風險、提升資料蒐集的即時性與完整性。
2.在倉儲作業中，堆高機常使用鉛酸電池作為主要動力來源，而鉛酸電池在充電過程中，因電解液分解會產生氫氣，隨著充電進入後期或過充階段，氫氣釋放速率會顯著上升。氫氣作為高度可燃氣體，若在通風不良的空間累積，容易造成火災與爆炸風險。透過氫氣感測器量測堆高機充電過程中氣體濃度變化，顯示氫氣濃度的上升可作為電池充電狀態與潛在異常的指標，因此堆高機充電區域的氣體監測成為倉儲安全管理的關鍵。
（二）研究成果
一、精進物聯網之熱感影像、RGB影像與邊緣計算之整合性人工智慧技術，發展出適合大型廠房倉儲建築使用之智慧型立體火災預警巡防及定位通報技術。
本研究針對倉儲場域的特殊需求，成功整合氫氣感測器、熱感影像、RGB影像及邊緣運算平台，建立多模態融合的智慧型監測架構。氫氣感測器的實驗結果顯示，在無堆高機充電時濃度穩定維持於100~150 ppm，可作為背景基準；而堆高機充電過程中，數據則在一般情況維持於150~200 ppm，並於充電功率提升或異常時急遽上升至250~300 ppm，此特性使系統能即時反映電池狀態與潛在異常。
在影像辨識方面，結合YOLO 系列深度學習模型，於模擬倉儲場域的實驗結果中，火源與異常熱源的mAP 達95.4%，顯示影像輔助偵測具高度可靠性。結合熱影像與RGB資訊後，能提高對於遮蔽區域異常的檢測能力。此外透過邊緣運算平台即時處理與推論，大幅提升了即時性。當異常被捕捉後，系統可同時進行定位標記只需要0.1秒就能確定位置，並於第一時間觸發預警與進行通報，實現「偵測－定位－通報」的閉環流程。
綜合而言，本研究不僅證明氫氣感測器能有效反映堆高機充電過程中的氫氣釋放現象，當有異常發生時也能夠即時得知，亦顯示多模態感測融合與邊緣智慧運算能顯著提升異常辨識精度、定位準確性與通報效率，為大型倉儲火災預警提供具體且可操作的技術基礎。
二、建構適合大型廠房倉儲空間之智慧型3D立體火災預警巡防系統雛形，提昇大型廠房倉儲建築物火災預防能力及安全管理，降低火災風險。
除了固定式感測器的長時間穩定監測，本研究亦引入無人機載具作為倉儲巡檢設備，建構出智慧化3D立體火災預警巡防雛形系統。無人機搭載熱像儀、RGB攝影機與氣體感測模組，可於垂直與水平軌跡進行巡檢，實現「多位面」空間監測，補足傳統固定式感測器於高架貨架、死角區域及狹窄通道的不足。
雖然氣體感測數據於飛行過程中會因氣流擾動、飛行高度及振動效應而呈現波動，但此一特性亦反映出無人機在巡檢過程中可蒐集到更動態的空間資訊，適合用於氫氣濃度分布趨勢分析與廣域快速掃描。配合固定式感測器的穩定監測，兩者形成互補：固定式確保長時間的高可靠度數據，無人機則提供靈活且快速的空間擴展能力。
經由實驗驗證，本研究展示了無人機巡檢能與固定式感測器協同運作，達成「穩定監測 + 靈活巡查」的整合架構，不僅提升了倉儲空間內的異常熱源定位精度，也建構出更具韌性的防護網路。此成果對未來智慧倉儲安全管理具有重要啟發，顯示結合固定與移動式感測裝置的多層次架構，將能顯著提升火災預防能力，降低火災風險，並為大型廠房倉儲的安全策略提供具體實證支持。
三、規劃辦理智慧化早期火警偵測技術於不同載具應用成果說明會，並結合官產學界共同推廣智慧創新技術之應用。
本研究團隊於2025年12月02日上午進行了「智慧倉儲防災前線：極早期偵蒐技術實證論壇」，主要聚焦智慧倉儲防災與安全管理新趨勢，從倉儲物流中心的消防防護出發，探討 AIoT 技術於極早期火災預警中的應用與挑戰，並結合 AI 與多模態感測的智慧倉儲安全部署實績，展現科技如何提升倉儲火災偵測精準度與應變效率。
該論壇探討了創新建築防火科技與智慧化應用，了解建築防火的新興技術，緊接著集中於倉儲環境，討論倉儲物流中心消防安全與防火管理新思維，了解相關事件、法規與探測器等相關內容。最後分享近幾年的倉儲相關研究，包含AIoT驅動的極早期智慧倉儲火災預警技術與挑戰以及AI融合多模態感測之成果實證，推廣智慧創新技術應用於消防早期火警偵測技術的研究經驗。
在論壇進行過程中，與會之學術單位、產業代表及相關廠商，透過專題演講與實證成果分享，對於人工智慧與多模態感測技術應用於倉儲消防安全之可行性與實務價值表現出高度關注與興趣。多位與會者於會後主動與本研究團隊進行深入交流，針對智慧倉儲防災系統於實際場域部署時所涉及的技術整合、系統擴充性與法規適用性等議題進行討論，並分享各自於產業端所面臨之實務需求與挑戰。
此外，部分業界廠商亦表達未來進一步合作之意願，期望能結合本研究團隊於 AIoT、極早期火災偵測與多模態感測整合之研究成果，推動智慧消防技術於倉儲場域的實際應用與驗證。透過本次論壇之交流與回饋，不僅促進與產業間的交流，也為後續智慧倉儲防災系統之產學合作與技術落地奠定良好基礎。
四、建議事項
本計畫經過十個月的發展與開發研究，提出下列建議：
建議一
研究發展應用AI無人機之大型倉儲立體化防火安全監控及管理系統：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、經濟部商業發展署、中華民國消防工程器材商業同業公會全國聯合會、中華民國物流協會、台灣冷鏈協會、社團法人台灣防災產業協會
本研究導入智慧無人機搭載熱感影像、RGB攝影與多感測器，結合人工智慧與邊緣運算，經實際場域驗證可突破盲區、主動搜尋異常，對火災初期偵測具顯著優勢。然而研究亦顯示，若智慧無人機僅依靠人工操控或單次任務飛行，仍面臨巡航航線覆蓋率、續航能源不足、場域建築牆體影響通訊延遲等問題。鑑此，未來將聚焦建構倉儲火災防護之立體化防護網，透過演算法與環境建模，開發具自主航線規劃、避障與長時監測能力之AI無人機，並結合固定式感測器與邊緣運算節點，形成空中、地面協同監測網。此架構可即時融合資料與警示異常，強化火災早期預警，驗證智慧無人機巡航與辨識之可行性，推動防災管理由被動偵測轉向主動預防。同時，於倉儲場域內部佈建多個固定式感測器節點，形成分散式感測器網絡，透過無線通訊傳輸架構進行資料交換與即時異常回報。為確保訊息在緊急情況下仍能穩定傳輸，亦可於無線網路出入端點配置實體網路線之連線端點，以保障最後傳輸與通報的可靠性，使預警資訊能迅速送達管理中心。
透過AI無人機與固定感測網絡的整合，強化異質資料融合與人工智慧辨識能力，以提升火源及異常偵測的準確度，並結合即時通訊與邊緣運算，使巡航過程中的異常能在最短時間內回饋管理中心。該系統預計能突破傳統偵測盲區與操作限制，建立高效率、自動化、低成本之智慧消防巡檢模式，可於火災初期即時警示、縮短反應時間並降低成本，提升倉儲與高風險場域防火安全，有助於智慧防災體系與公共安全永續發展。
建議二
結合跨產業推廣倉儲智慧自主防火管理措施及制度：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、經濟部商業發展署、中華民國物流協會、台灣冷鏈協會、社團法人台灣防災產業協會、中華民國產物保險核保學會
為提升倉儲場域整體防火安全水準，建議未來可結合跨產業力量，推動倉儲智慧自主防火管理措施與制度之建立。透過整合物流產業、消防設備製造業，以及相關主管機關與研究機構，共同研擬完善的智慧防火管理架構，促進先進防災技術於倉儲場域中的實際導入與落地應用。此作法可鼓勵倉儲業者導入異質感測、智慧巡檢與即時通報等自主防火管理機制，並結合標準化作業流程與數據回饋制度，全面提升倉儲對火災風險之自主管理能力。此外，在倉儲建築設計與安全管理制度之發展方向中，智慧自主防火管理亦可逐步納入標準化之自動化安全監控概念，整合固定式感測器與移動式巡檢平台，建構多層次且立體化之監測架構，以降低高架貨區與複雜空間配置所造成的偵測盲區。進一步結合人工智慧技術進行跨模態資料融合與趨勢分析，系統不僅能即時辨識異常事件，亦可輔助管理端進行風險評估與應變判斷，於必要時自動啟動通風、抑制或通報等防護機制，全面提升倉儲防災體系之智慧化程度、安全韌性與長期永續管理能力。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "114年智慧無人機結合早期火警偵測技術應用於大型廠房倉儲空間之研究成果報告書_v12(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336820/b6fa889c-9208-40d9-b7ac-99d1cfd8f119.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=336810", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 10 Feb 2026 02:01:00 GMT", "title": "因應氣候變遷都市淹水整體調適策略研究", "計畫主持人": "巫孟璇", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "財團法人成大水利海洋研究發展文教基金會", "執行行程": "2025-03-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "綜合規劃組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "氣候變遷、都市淹水、減淹調適", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
為應對氣候變遷挑戰，各國政府於1994年開始簽署聯合國全球氣候變化公約（United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, UNFCCC），並在公約會議中確立兩大因應對策，即「減緩」和「調適」。現今，氣候變遷的議題受到全球關注，聯合國、各國政府和非政府組織都積極進行研究並推動減緩氣候變遷的策略。臺灣亦制定「國家氣候變遷調適行動計畫」和「國土計畫法」，強調對氣候變遷議題和空間規劃的重視。
我國於112年通過「氣候變遷因應法」，並設定2050年達成全國淨零碳排放的目標；並為達總統府「國家氣候變遷對策委員會」落實創新轉型改變，迎來世代永續成長機會之目標。於氣候變遷災害衝擊加劇之情勢下，為提升都市淹水調適能力，爰規劃辦理都市淹水整體調適策略研究。
都市區地表逕流因地形與地貌影響而呈現高度複雜性，傳統排水方式已難以應對極端氣候帶來的挑戰。因此，需採用能反應地文特性的淹水模擬模式進行逕流演算，才能精確描述地表逕流流動特性。都市區之排水系統包括內水及外水，內水多透過雨水下水道透過排水系統排入外水，因此，雨水下水道作為都市排水系統的一環，需納入淹水模擬方能提高都市淹水模擬之合理性與準確度，透過精確模擬，可據以評估在氣候變遷情境及其調適策略情境之淹水情形，進而有效規劃都市減洪調適策略，減緩氣候變遷對都市淹水之影響，進而強化城市的韌性與調適能力。基於提升都市區淹水模擬演算合理性與準確度之需求，本研究延續112年度及113年之成果，以減洪調適水理技術引入都市雨水下水道演算，針對研究案例都市現況及氣候變遷下之淹水情形，進行演算分析，進一步可研擬都市淹水整體調適策略並進行成效評估，以達強化因應氣候變遷相關災害調適能力，提升氣候韌性之目的。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究首先進行資料之蒐集與分析，包含雨量、水位、流量及潮位等水文資料與地形地勢、交通系統、土地利用、水利設施、雨水下水道及土地使用相關資料等地文資料，再依據現況土地利用資料與土地使用分區，建置暴雨經理模式（Storm Water Management Model, SWMM）之雨水下水道演算與地文性淹排水模擬模式耦合之演算模式。於模式建置完成後，本研究設定長延時（24小時）及短延時（90分鐘）之5年及10年重現期降雨作為模擬情境，並比較SWMM耦合演算對於淹水深度之差異，分析易淹都市計畫範圍。於完成模擬運算後，再盤點易淹都市計畫區之土地使用，以利後續研究針對減淹措施之設定與演算。
三、重要發現
本研究擇定臺南市為研究區域，建置結合雨水下水道演算與地文性淹排水模式之都市淹水模擬，設定長、短延時之5年與10年重現期降雨情境，依據氣候變遷短延時10年重現期降雨情境之淹水潛勢模擬成果，擇定臺南科學工業園區特定區、高速公路永康交流道特定區、臺南都會公園特定區、臺南市主要計畫(安南區)、安定及安平港歷史風貌園區為研究區域，盤點易淹都市計畫區可操作土地，運用基地保水、綠色基盤、在地滯洪及滯洪池等措施，探討對於10年重現期短延時現況及氣候變遷降雨之減淹效益，並據以研擬整體調適策略。綜合模擬、盤點及減淹效益分析成果，可得重要發現如下。
(一)雨水下水道耦合模擬具合理性
SWMM模式之雨水下水道演算與地文性淹排水模擬耦合後，能有效反映都市下水道在不同降雨情境下的排水效益。模擬結果顯示，長延時降雨最大淹水差異約0.02–0.05公尺（局部達0.3公尺），短延時降雨則差異較大，約0.1–0.3公尺以上，尤以臺南市主要都市計畫範圍最為顯著。
(二)減洪成效受限於可操作土地之面積與位置
六個案例之模擬成果顯示，減淹效率普遍低於15%，僅臺南科學工業園區在理想化操作情境下可達40%以上之減淹效果。整體成效差異主要受土地可操作面積、區位與地勢條件影響。安南區與安定地區因地勢低平且土地已高度利用，可操作空間極少。
(三)現行制度侷限造成措施推動困難
基地保水、綠色基盤與在地滯洪雖為目前都市調適主要工具，但其推動須依附於都市計畫與建築開發制度。基地保水需藉由建築執照審議逐案落實，綠色基盤則受限於公園綠地面積比例與公共設施配置；在地滯洪涉及農地經營意願與土地取得問題，缺乏制度性誘因。整體而言，都市計畫層級缺乏能有效驅動民間及公部門協作的誘導機制。
(四)短延時強降雨造成之「都市內水」問題特性明確
本研究之模擬情境聚焦於短延時強降雨事件，其主要影響為10年重現期之短延時降雨超過雨水下水道之設計保護標準，易致使都市區域內水排放不及所造成之積淹水。此類型災害與流域地表逕流洪水經外水排水系統渲洩屬不同層級議題，顯示都市計畫層級之調適策略應以「地表逕流管理」與「蓄排容量提升」為重點，強調分散式調蓄與微尺度設施布設，以補強超過排水系統設計保護標準之不足。
四、主要建議事項
本年度已完成因應氣候變遷都市淹水整體調適策略之研究，已有具體成果。本研究針對短及中長期提出以下建議：
建議一
都市空間規劃之減洪韌性策略整合研究：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署
隨著都市快速發展，人口與產業高度集中，都市不透水面積大幅增加，使雨水逕流量迅速上升，排水系統負荷加重，對都市基礎設施形成長期壓力。另一方面，氣候變遷之影響使極端強降雨事件更為頻繁且強度提高，短延時強降雨更易超越雨水下水道之設計保護標準，使都市防洪與排水面臨更高的不確定性。都市規劃在發展需求驅動下，常忽略地形、水文等基礎環境條件，導致高潛勢淹水區過度開發、滯洪與保水空間遭壓縮，使都市整體減洪韌性逐漸弱化。
本研究建議延續114年之成果，運用納入雨水下水道演算之減洪調適水理分析模式，模擬不同都市土地利用與空間規劃策略下之減淹效益，以利建立都市發展與調適配置之整合基礎。短期內可於現行都市計畫作業流程中，強化調適空間盤點、可施作區位辨識與綠色基盤串聯原則，使減淹調適概念能直接納入都市計畫變更、開發許可與建築管理審議程序。
近年《都市計畫定期通盤檢討實施辦法》已增列相關規範，要求通盤檢討應同時參考國土功能分區劃設情形、都市災害歷史、災害潛勢資料及地區防救計畫等資訊，並得視需要調整土地使用分區與管制，以提升都市之防災韌性；滯洪設施亦須依出流管制、逕流分擔、河川區域、區域排水與雨水下水道系統規劃等條件，於適當地點檢討劃設。本研究所建置之下水道模擬流程與調適用地盤點成果，均可作為上述規劃與檢討作業的技術基礎，使都市計畫在處理高潛勢淹水區之土地調整、公共設施規劃或滯洪空間配置時，更能具備量化判斷依據。
同時，都市計畫相關文本與作業程序亦可進一步強化空間操作細部，包括：於都市計畫說明書中標示優先配置減淹功能之空間原則、於開發案審議中要求提出基地保水或減洪措施配置說明、以及於公共設施改善與更新計畫中納入兼具調蓄功能之設計元素（例如透水鋪面、植栽滯水、微型滯洪空間）。上述措施皆可在現行法規體制下直接執行，屬操作面即可落實之立即性策略，能作為提升都市洪水調適能力之第一線整合工具。
建議二
促進都市更新與調蓄功能之整合：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部國土管理署、地方政府都市發展局
依據《氣候變遷因應法》第17條第1款「以科學為基礎，評估氣候變遷風險，強化氣候變遷調適能力」，都市更新制度可視為現行都市土地再利用之主要途徑。惟其現行操作多侷限於單一基地或街廓尺度，對滯洪與雨水調蓄功能之貢獻有限。在極端降雨頻率提升的情境下，都市更新亦需同步納入韌性及保水調適的空間配置與設計考量。
本研究建議未來於都市更新及危老重建的規劃與審議階段，提前要求檢視基地保水、雨水調蓄及透水設計等相關措施，以減少新開發量體對下游排水系統的負荷。此類措施可透過都市設計審議、更新事業計畫審查或建築設計階段之技術規範進行導入，形成「基地排水自主管理」的檢核基準，使更新案件在法定出流管制以外，亦能兼顧都市層級的減洪目標。
近年依《水利法》所訂之「出流管制計畫書與規劃書審核監督及免辦認定辦法」已於114年9月3日修正，其中規範都市計畫區 0.2 公頃以上之新建造建築物，或開發規模達 1 公頃以上者，應提出出流管制計畫書，並落實基礎水量管制。本研究所提出之調蓄與保水配置，並非取代上述法定程序，而是提供都市更新可提前布局的補強作法，使更新地區在符合法定水量管制的前提下，能進一步強化市區雨水調蓄與滯洪空間的整合效果。
綜合而言，本建議強調在都市更新制度中納入調蓄功能屬中長期發展方向，應透過制度性檢核與設計端措施逐步落實，而非依賴容積獎勵等增加開發量體的誘因，以確保都市更新對減洪調適作出實質貢獻，同時避免加重公共設施負荷。
建議三
建立相鄰都市計畫間之策略性聯合檢討機制：中期建議
主辦機關：內政部國土管理署
協辦機關：內政部建築研究所、地方政府都市發展局、水利局
各都市計畫依《都市計畫法》獨立辦理檢討與變更，檢討期程、空間範圍與資料內容多採分區作業，致使相鄰地區之水文條件、排水配置與綠色基盤系統難以整合。本研究於安平港歷史風貌園區與臺南市主要計畫（安南區）案例可見，滯洪空間需求與可施作土地常跨越行政邊界，僅以單一都市計畫為單位檢討，較難充分配置減淹所需之空間，亦不利於跨界排水動線、低窪地形或瓶頸路段之整體改善。
本研究建議建立「策略性聯合檢討」之跨區域協作機制，作為中期推動之制度方向。於市級整體發展計畫、都市計畫通盤檢討或相關專案變更階段，可同步納入相鄰都市計畫之水系連續性、綠色基盤結構與滯洪空間配置評估，避免單一計畫局部調整而削弱整體效益。地方政府亦可透過都發局、水利局、工務局等跨局處協調平台，共同檢討相鄰地區之排水負荷分布、公共設施用地調整方向及減淹空間配置策略，以提升都市排水系統與調適空間之整體性與連續性。
此外，未來縣市國土計畫於更新或檢討分區使用管制時，可作為整合相鄰之都市土地或都市與非都市土地之間的上位策略，以協調跨行政邊界之水文條件、綠色基盤串聯與滯洪空間需求。若國土計畫能提供跨區域水文特性與調適方向之整體框架，將有助於相鄰都市計畫在通盤檢討階段依循一致基準，共同推動跨界調適作為，使策略性聯合檢討更具可行性並加速落實。
", "英文摘要": "Background and Objectives
In recent years, the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events driven by climate change have posed severe challenges to urban environments and infrastructure systems. In response to this global issue, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was established in 1994, identifying mitigation and adaptation as the two core strategies for addressing climate change. Since then, international organizations, national governments, and non-governmental entities have actively advanced research and policy initiatives aimed at reducing disaster risks and strengthening social and urban resilience.
In Taiwan, the Climate Change Response Act was promulgated in 2023, setting a national target to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. The National Climate Change Committee under the Presidential Office coordinates adaptation policies to promote innovative transformation and sustainable development. However, as urban areas face increasingly severe flood risks due to climate change, developing an integrated, forward-looking, and operational urban flood adaptation strategy has become an urgent task.
To enhance the rationality and accuracy of urban flood simulation and analysis, this study builds upon the research outcomes of 2023 and 2024, introducing hydraulic analysis techniques for flood mitigation into urban stormwater drainage simulations. By analyzing the inundation conditions of case study areas under both current and future climate scenarios, the study aims to establish a scientifically grounded approach for formulating comprehensive urban flood adaptation strategies and evaluating their effectiveness. The ultimate goal is to strengthen urban adaptive capacity to climate-induced disasters and enhance overall climate resilience.
Method and approach
The research began with the collection and analysis of multiple datasets, including hydrological data (rainfall, water level, discharge, and tidal level) and physiographic data (topography, transportation systems, land use, hydraulic facilities, stormwater drainage networks, and zoning information). Based on current land-use conditions and zoning, a coupled simulation model was developed by integrating the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) for stormwater drainage with the Physiographic Drainage–Inundation Model for surface runoff and inundation analysis.
After model construction, rainfall scenarios with long-duration (24-hour) and short-duration (90-minute) events under 5-year and 10-year return periods were simulated. Differences in inundation depth between coupled and uncoupled SWMM models were compared to identify flood-prone urban planning areas. Subsequently, land-use conditions in these areas were reviewed to support the formulation and simulation of flood mitigation measures, providing a scientific basis for subsequent urban flood adaptation strategy design and policy recommendations.
Main results
This study selected Tainan City as the primary case study area and developed a coupled urban flood simulation model that integrates stormwater drainage calculations using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) with the Physiographic Drainage–Inundation Model. Simulation scenarios were designed for long-duration (24-hour) and short-duration (90-minute) rainfall events with 5-year and 10-year return periods. Based on the simulated inundation potential under the 10-year short-duration climate change scenario, several flood-prone urban planning districts—such as the Tainan Science Park, Yongkang Interchange Special District, Tainan Metropolitan Park District, Annan District Urban Planning Area, Anding District, and the Anping Port Historical Park District—were selected for evaluating the effectiveness of water conservation, green infrastructure, detention on-site, and detention ponds as potential mitigation measures.
The key findings are summarized as follows:
1.Soundness of Coupled Stormwater–Inundation Modeling
The integration of SWMM with the physiographic inundation model effectively captures the drainage performance of urban stormwater systems under varying rainfall conditions. The simulated differences in maximum inundation depth ranged from 0.02–0.05 m for long-duration rainfall and 0.1–0.3 m (locally exceeding 0.3 m) for short-duration rainfall, demonstrating the improved accuracy and representativeness of the coupled modeling approach.
2.Flood Mitigation Effectiveness Constrained by the Extent and Location of Operable Land
Across six case study areas, overall flood reduction efficiency was generally below 15%, except for the Tainan Science Park, which achieved over 40% reduction under idealized conditions. The limited effectiveness of mitigation measures is primarily attributed to constraints in the area, spatial distribution, and topographic characteristics of land that can feasibly accommodate mitigation interventions.
3.Current Regulatory and Institutional Limitations Hinder Implementation of Mitigation Measures
While water conservation, green infrastructure, and detention on-site are recognized as important tools for urban flood adaptation, their implementation is tightly bound to existing urban planning and building regulatory frameworks. Insufficient incentives and procedural constraints weaken the ability of both public and private stakeholders to adopt these measures effectively.
4.Distinct Characteristics of Urban Pluvial Flooding Driven by Short-Duration Extreme Rainfall
The scenarios examined in this study highlight the nature of urban pluvial flooding, which arises when short-duration, high-intensity rainfall exceeds the design protection standards of stormwater drainage systems. This type of flooding differs from riverine flooding linked to basin-wide hydrology and underscores the need for distributed runoff management and enhanced storage and drainage capacity through micro-scale and decentralized interventions within urban planning processes.
Overall, the findings indicate that while site-level interventions provide incremental benefits, significant progress in mitigating urban flooding under climate change will require coordinated, higher-level planning strategies and more adaptive regulatory frameworks.
Major suggestions
Based on the simulation results and the assessment of operable land within flood-prone urban planning areas, this study proposes five major recommendations for short-term and mid- to long-term implementation.
1.Research on the Integration of Flood Resilience Strategies in Urban Spatial Planning
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (short-term strategy)
With rapid urban development and a high concentration of population and industry, the impermeable surface area of cities has increased substantially, causing stormwater runoff to rise quickly. This has intensified the load on drainage systems and placed long-term pressure on urban infrastructure. Meanwhile, climate change has made extreme heavy-rainfall events more frequent and more intense. Short-duration extreme rainfall is increasingly likely to exceed the design protection standards of stormwater sewer systems, bringing greater uncertainty to urban flood control and drainage. Driven by development demands, urban planning often neglects fundamental environmental conditions such as topography and hydrology. As a result, high inundation-potential areas are overdeveloped, and detention, water conservation, and storage spaces are compressed, gradually weakening overall urban flood-resilience capacity.
It is recommended that the outcomes of this year’s study be extended by applying a hydraulic analysis model for flood mitigation and adaptation that incorporates stormwater sewer calculations to simulate flood-reduction effectiveness under different urban land-use patterns and spatial planning strategies, thereby establishing an integrated foundation for aligning urban development with adaptation deployment. In the short term, existing urban planning workflows can be strengthened by enhancing adaptation-space inventories, identifying feasible implementation sites, and applying principles for connecting green infrastructure networks. This enables flood-adaptation concepts to be directly embedded into urban plan amendments, development-permit reviews, and building-management approval procedures. In the short term, existing urban planning workflows can be strengthened by enhancing adaptation-space inventories, identifying feasible implementation sites, and applying principles for connecting green infrastructure networks. This enables flood-adaptation concepts to be directly embedded into urban plan amendments, development-permit reviews, and building-management approval procedures.
Recent amendments to the Regulations for Periodic Comprehensive Review of Urban Plans require that comprehensive reviews consider national land functional zoning, urban disaster history, hazard potential data, and local disaster-prevention plans, and allow adjustments to land-use zoning and controls to enhance urban disaster resilience. Detention facilities must also be reviewed and designated at appropriate locations based on outflow control, runoff allocation, river and regional drainage conditions, and stormwater sewer system planning. The stormwater sewer simulation workflow and adaptation-land inventory results developed by this study provide a technical basis for such reviews, enabling more quantitative judgments when adjusting land use in high-risk inundation areas, planning public facilities, or allocating detention spaces.
Urban planning documents and procedures can further strengthen fine-grained spatial operations, including: indicating priority spatial principles for flood-mitigation functions in planning reports; requiring development proposals to explain water conservation or flood-mitigation layouts; and incorporating storage/retention design elements in public-facility improvement and renewal programs (e.g., permeable pavement, vegetated water-retention features, and micro-scale detention spaces). These actions are immediately implementable within current regulatory systems and serve as frontline, operational strategies for enhancing urban flood-adaptation capacity.
2.Promoting the Integration of Urban Renewal and Storage/Detention Functions
For Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (mid- to long-term strategy)
In accordance with Article 17, Paragraph 1 of the Climate Change Response Act—By science-based, examine existing data, estimate possible climate change in the future, and scientifically evaluate related risks, thereby strengthening risk management and adaptability to climate change—urban renewal is a primary pathway for urban land reuse. However, current renewal practices are mostly confined to the scale of a single site or block, contributing only limitedly to detention and stormwater storage functions. Under the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall, urban renewal must simultaneously incorporate resilience-oriented spatial allocation and water conservation adaptation considerations.
This study recommends that, during the planning and review stages of urban renewal and reconstruction of aging or unsafe buildings, projects should be required in advance to examine measures such as water conservation, stormwater storage, and permeable design, so as to reduce the added burden of new development on downstream drainage systems. These measures can be introduced through urban design review, renewal project plan evaluations, or technical standards at the architectural design stage, forming verification criteria for “site drainage self-management.” In this way, renewal cases can support citywide flood-mitigation goals in addition to meeting statutory outflow-control requirements.
Recent revisions (September 3, 2025) to the Regulations for the Review, Supervision and Exemption of Outflow Control and Proposal under the Water Act require that new buildings larger than 0.2 ha within urban planning areas, or developments exceeding 1 ha, submit outflow-control plans and implement baseline discharge control. The storage and water conservation configurations proposed in this study do not replace these legal procedures; rather, they provide reinforcing, early-stage adaptation actions that urban renewal projects can adopt. This allows renewal districts—while complying with statutory discharge control—to further strengthen the integration of stormwater storage and detention spaces within the urban core.
Overall, this recommendation emphasizes that embedding storage and detention functions into the urban renewal system is a mid- to long-term direction. It should be implemented progressively through institutionalized review criteria and design-based measures, rather than relying on incentives that increase development intensity (such as floor-area bonuses). This ensures that urban renewal makes substantive contributions to flood mitigation and adaptation, while avoiding additional pressure on public infrastructure.
3.Establishing a Strategic Joint Review Mechanism among Adjacent Urban Plans
For National Land Management Agency, Ministry of the Interior, ROC (mid-term strategy)
Under the Urban Planning Act, each urban plan is independently reviewed and amended. Review timelines, spatial scopes, and data contents are typically handled by separate zoning units, making it difficult to integrate hydrological conditions, drainage configurations, and green infrastructure systems across adjacent areas. Case studies in the Anping Port Historical Park District and the Tainan City Major Plan (Annan District) show that detention-space needs and feasible implementation land often cross administrative boundaries. Reviewing only within a single urban plan unit makes it difficult to allocate sufficient flood-mitigation space, and is also unfavorable for integrated improvements to cross-boundary drainage routes, low-lying terrain, or bottleneck segments.
This study recommends establishing a cross-regional collaboration mechanism for “strategic joint review” as a mid-term institutional direction. During municipal-level comprehensive development planning, periodic comprehensive reviews of urban plans, or special-plan amendment stages, assessments of water-system continuity, green infrastructure structure, and detention-space allocation across neighboring urban plans should be conducted simultaneously. This avoids weakening overall effectiveness through isolated, partial adjustments within a single plan. Local governments can also utilize cross-departmental coordination platforms—namely the Urban Development, Water Resources, and Public Works bureaus—to jointly review drainage-load distribution, directions for adjusting public-facility land, and strategies for allocating flood-mitigation spaces in adjacent districts, thereby improving the integrity and continuity of urban drainage systems and adaptation spaces.
Furthermore, when local-level national spatial plans update or revise zoning-use controls in the future, they can serve as higher-level strategies for integrating adjacent urban lands or the interface between urban and non-urban lands. Such plans can coordinate hydrological conditions, green infrastructure connectivity, and detention-space needs across administrative boundaries. If national land plans can provide an overarching framework for cross-regional hydrological characteristics and adaptation directions, adjacent urban plans will be able to follow consistent standards during comprehensive reviews and jointly advance cross-boundary adaptation actions, making strategic joint reviews more feasible and accelerating implementation.
", "相關檔案": "因應氣候變遷都市淹水整體調適策略研究_期末報告定稿版_v6(成果報告)(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/336810/d958a348-e180-4ecf-ae5f-8a92af249bde.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339745", "ModifyDate": "Wed, 22 Jul 2026 06:13:00 GMT", "title": "建築陽臺耐風設計之風壓係數分析模擬研究", "計畫主持人": "李鎮宏", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-02-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "自行研究", "關鍵詞": "陽台圍籬、淨風壓係數、流場分析", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "颱風襲台期間，常聽聞陽台圍籬玻璃破碎或欄杆斷裂掉落地面等危及民眾安全情事。由於陽臺玻璃欄杆處當風吹入後，因後方立面牆、門窗等阻擋，易形成迴風造成玻璃欄杆背風面承受額外風壓，其受風行為與帷幕牆、女兒牆等不同，因此該部分之設計背面風壓係數，不宜直接採用建築物耐風設計規範表 2.17 或圖3.4 逕行應用分析。
本文應用 CFD 數值模擬分析三樓透天挑陽臺，在不同深度與不同來流風向下，所承受之風壓係數差異，以利後續採用數值方法擴展不同類型陽台所受風壓分析結果的合理性，並研提陽臺圍籬設計淨風壓係數設計值，納入建築物耐風設計規範中。
目前已完成模擬分析陽台深度 1.0、1.5 與 2.0m，在不同風向角下之陽台立面前、左、右板之最大淨風壓係數(GCpn)模擬分析，可知。對前板而言，陽台深度 1.5m，風向 450時，會承受最大淨風壓係數(往外推)之(GCpn)=2.74。對右板而言，陽台深度 1.5m，風向 450時，會承受最大淨風壓係數(往外推) (GCpn)=3.52。對左板而言，陽台深度 1.5m，風向 00時，會承受最大淨風壓係數(往外推) (GCpn)=2.12。
由於立面陽台立柱構件受淨風壓，在兩方向負荷下(往內與往外)，其受力行為不同，如陽台圍籬與立柱構件皆為內外對稱，為設計方便可取其絕對最大淨風壓係數值 3.52，分別進行往外推與往內壓之力學分析，以檢核構件強度與接合設計。
", "英文摘要": "", "相關檔案": "建築陽臺耐風設計之風壓係數分析-期末報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339745/413fda06-50d7-40c5-94a4-a1b394d26539.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339184", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 07:20:00 GMT", "title": "以縮尺氣彈模型進行太陽能板系統尺寸與結構特性之研究", "計畫主持人": "林章生", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-02-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "縮尺太陽能板系統、地面距置型、風致振動、結構分析、模態估測。", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
使用綠能已為全球趨勢，且為政府近年能源發展之重點項目，目前於台灣南部已設置相當程度之太陽能光電板，但其之相關耐風設計規範與試驗標準仍尚未完整建立。在111與112年於內政部建築研究所已進行了實尺寸的太陽能光電板與支撐結構單元之振動相關研究，後續將太陽能光電板與支撐結構單元，簡稱為太陽能板系統，該系統包含光電板與支撐結構。研究中證實適當的結構數值模型之有限元素分析結果與實際太陽能板結構之實驗模態分析結果相近，模態振型部分皆有良好的比對結果，而在模態頻率部分則略有差異，但誤差可控制在10%以內。因此，將風壓資料輸入太陽能板數值模型中，即可模擬其受風後之動態反應。然而，研究中發現太陽能板在受高風速振動時，其自然頻率會隨風速而改變，後續將以頻率偏移代稱自然頻率隨風速改變的現象，初步結論為板面振動發生氣彈效應，但其成因與機制尚未完全釐清，仍需進行進一步研究試驗，如各風速下之板面頻率偏移，以及太陽能板系統之跨距尺寸與頻率偏移之影響等。由於全尺寸試驗成本甚鉅，改變系統尺寸需進行大量造風機吹試，因此採用等效縮尺之氣彈模型進行研究應為較適當且可行之方法，待由縮尺動態試驗了解太陽能板之風致振動特性後，未來在於實尺寸結構測試驗證為較適當之研究方法。
二、研究方法及過程
研究將包含以下內容：
1.整理太陽能板相關氣彈效應與支撐結構跨度之文獻，並更改實尺寸太陽能光電板系統的支撐結構跨度與陣列大小，分析其對振動行為的影響。
2.本研究將進行不同風速以及風向角下，縮尺太陽能板系統風致振動試驗，釐清氣動力對縮尺模型造成頻率偏移之影響，依供未來於實尺寸結構測試驗證之使用參考。
三、重要發現
1.本研究將實尺寸太陽能光電板移除螺栓進行簡化後，將模型進行等比例縮放，獲得僅考量幾何縮尺模型。後續再將僅考量幾何縮尺模型，各零件結構替換為滿足氣彈力縮尺模型之零件，其中大型桿件(I型樑與柱、C型樑、L樑)藉由重新計算其面積二次矩，以滿足氣彈力縮尺模型與實尺寸模型間的比例條件，而其餘零件則保持其幾何外型，藉由調整其楊氏模數至原本的0.2倍，以滿比例條件，並藉由收斂性分析確保有限元素模型，求解結果的正確性。
2.氣彈力縮尺模型之建立過程中，係依序將僅考量幾何縮尺模型進行等截面樑的替換。待確認替換等截面樑後，其整體結構系統頻率有效對應至理論計算的縮尺系統頻率，才進行下一種類等截面樑的的替換，確保在遇到問題時可較好釐清原因。
3.吾人將支撐結構跨度尺寸更改分為前向與側向，兩種方向皆對直立I型柱之間的距離，朝外側增加原本20%以及向內側縮減20%，並且確保太陽能光電板絕對位置，以及接觸條件與邊界條件，在更改前後都保持一致，藉此獲得前向與側向跨度增加或減少，對振動行為的影響。
4.更改跨距會對結構低頻全域振動模態，頻率差異造成較大影響，其中差異最大的是將橫向減縮20%跨度，頻率差異有-11.55%。扣除低頻全域振動模態外，橫向跨度增加或減少影響整體結構模態頻率變化甚鉅；而縱向跨度增減僅對結構頻率有些微影響。
5.在相同風壓負載下，增減縱向跨度對結構所受應力的變化甚微，雖最大應力發生位置有異，但應力值皆約為140 MPa;而縮減橫向跨度後，結構所受最大應力值為105.97 MPa，在增加橫向跨度後，結構所受最大應力應力為152.11 MPa，兩者應力值有明顯差距。
6.造風機風場特性部分，由風速試驗結果顯示，該風場產生之無因次頻譜密度函數分布類似於大氣紊流邊界層流場，但在長度尺度有略偏高之現象。
7.將實尺寸太陽能板系統之陣列變為2×6或4×6時，會使原本頻率約為20Hz的L樑局部振動模態，頻率掉至10Hz內。而2種陣列形式，10Hz內的模態會由原本3個模態，分別增加至13個以及18個，且多出數個振型為C型樑與板面耦合產生的振動模態。
8.藉由輸入真實風壓負載，對太陽能板系統，進行暫態響應分析可發現，兩種陣列形式所受之最大等效應力，均已超過該材料SS400的降伏應力230MPa。陣列為2×6時最大等效應力為873.4 MPa，發生位置為最上方C型樑中心鎖孔。而陣列大小4×6時最大等效應力為1247.7 MPa，發生位置為最左上角上鎖片鎖孔。
9.現行使用的2×3實尺寸太陽能板系統，在風向角135度與40m/sec速度的風況下，承受2.3025年後才可能發生疲勞損壞。但若改為在共振時承受131.91 MPa的完整循環應力，則18.20至47.94小時就會產生疲勞破壞。
10.氣彈力縮尺模型的模態驗證結果，第一與第三全域振動模態驗證良好，而第四及第五模態頻率誤差逾10%，其餘模態雖頻率誤差皆在訂定標準內，但MAC皆低於0.4。推測原因為以頻域法進行多項式函的解耦時，由於模態干涉嚴重，使系統各模態的參數難以被分離出來，最終導致驗證結果不佳。後續將藉由時域法進行模態參數的識別，此時具有重根之特徵值的相近模態，既有機會利用時域之演算法將其有效的識別。
11.風洞試驗結果顯示，一階板面振動模態，其峰值呈現不明顯，而44 Hz處的二階板面振動模態頻率則較為明顯。風速越高會導致流場與結構產生互制現象，使兩者頻率耦合在一起，讓結構本身的模態對應的峰值更難以識別，各吹試角度中風向角 135度互制現象最嚴重。
12.隨著風速提高，二階板面振動模態的頻率也會隨之增加，唯有側向受風的風向角90度與-90度，以及後背受風的風向角180度與-135度，係風速提高頻率也會隨之降低。
13.在風向角0°時各板面頻率偏移情況最明顯;而風向角90°與270°頻率偏移情形較少，與112年之研究結果相符。並且僅風向角45°與-45°有較對應的偏移情況，並且皆是離風源較近之板面較明顯。112委託研究計畫案結案報告中，0度與180度的自然頻率偏移行為相反，且皆是距離風源最接近之面板出現頻率偏移行為，但本次吹試結果並無此趨勢。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
建立太陽能光電板陣列擴充與支撐結構跨度之安全評估準則：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：國立高雄科技大學
研究顯示當太陽能板陣列擴大(如2×6或4×6形式)時，結構最大等效應力將大幅增加並超過材料降伏應力(如本案採用材料SS400之230MPa)，且結構橫向跨度的增加對振動頻率與應力影響甚鉅。建議針對大型陣列與不同跨度配置，建立更嚴謹的結構安全設計規範與檢核流程。設計時應特別留意橫向跨度變更帶來的應力集中風險，並針對多陣列模組進行強制性的結構強度分析，以確保強風下的安全性。
建議二
導入時域分析法精進模態參數識別與共振疲勞壽命評估：中長期建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：國立高雄科技大學
鑑於頻域法在處理模態干涉嚴重之氣彈力模型時，參數識別效果受限，建議後續研究導入時域分析法以有效分離相近模態參數。此外，研究指出若結構與風發生共振，結構疲勞壽命將從數年急劇縮短至48小時內。因此，建議在未來的風洞試驗與檢測標準中，納入更精確的共振風險評估與時域識別技術，以預防因氣動彈性互制現象導致的早期疲勞破壞，提升太陽能設施之耐久性。
", "英文摘要": "I.Research Background
The use of green energy has become a global trend and a key focus of Taiwan’s recent energy development policies. A substantial number of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels have already been installed in southern Taiwan; however, the relevant wind-resistance design codes and testing standards for such systems have yet to be fully established. In 2022 and 2023, the Architecture Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior, ROC (Taiwan) conducted vibration-related studies on full-scale PV panels and their supporting structural units. These combined components—referred to collectively as the solar panel system—include both the PV modules and their supporting frames. The research confirmed that the finite element analysis (FEA) results from an appropriately constructed numerical structural model were consistent with the experimental modal analysis of the actual PV system. While the modal shapes matched well, the modal frequencies showed slight discrepancies, although the error was within 10%. Therefore, applying wind-pressure data to the numerical model allows for simulation of the system’s dynamic response under wind action. However, the studies revealed that the natural frequencies of the PV panels varied with increasing wind speed during high-wind vibration—hereafter referred to as frequency deviation. Preliminary findings suggest that aeroelastic effects occur on the panel surface, but the underlying mechanisms have not yet been fully clarified. Further experimental investigations remain necessary, such as examining frequency deviation at various wind speeds and assessing how parameters such as the span length of the solar panel system influence the frequency deviation. Since full-scale testing is costly and modifying system dimensions would require extensive wind tunnel testing with large-scale flow setups, using an equivalent scaled aeroelastic model is a more suitable and feasible approach. By first understanding the wind-induced vibration characteristics of PV panels through scaled dynamic testing, future validation using full-scale structural tests can be conducted more effectively.
II.Research Method and Procedure
This study will include the following components:
1.Review the literature on the aeroelastic effects of solar panels and the spans of their supporting structures, and modify the span and array size of full-scale photovoltaic panel systems to analyze their impact on vibration behavior.
2.Conduct wind-induced vibration tests on scaled solar panel systems under various wind speeds and wind directions to clarify the effect of aerodynamic forces on frequency shifts in the scaled models, providing reference for future verification on full-scale structures.
III.Significant Findings
1.In this study, the full-scale solar photovoltaic panel was simplified by removing the bolts, and the model was then uniformly scaled to obtain a geometry-only scaled model. Subsequently, each component of the geometry-only scaled model was replaced with parts that satisfy the requirements of an aeroelastic scaled model. For the major members (I-beams, columns, C-beams, and L-beams), their second moments of area were recalculated to meet the proportional conditions between the aeroelastic scaled model and the full-scale model. The remaining components retained their geometric shapes, but their Young’s modulus values were adjusted to 20% of the original to satisfy the scaling requirements. In addition, a convergence analysis was performed to ensure the accuracy of the finite element model and its numerical solutions.
2.During the development of the aeroelastic scaled model, the geometry-only scaled model was progressively modified by replacing its members with equivalent cross-section beams. After each replacement, the overall structural system frequency was checked to ensure that it corresponded correctly to the theoretically calculated frequency of the scaled system. Only when the correspondence was verified would the next type of equivalent cross-section beam be replaced. This step-by-step approach ensures that any issues encountered can be more easily identified and resolved.
3.We varied the span of the supporting structure in both the longitudinal (forward) and transverse (lateral) directions. In both directions, the distance between the upright I-shaped columns was increased outward by 20% and reduced inward by 20%. Throughout this process, the absolute position of the solar PV panels, as well as all contact and boundary conditions, were kept identical before and after the modification. This allowed us to evaluate how increasing or decreasing the span in the longitudinal and transverse directions influences the vibration behavior.
4.Changing the span has a significant impact on the low-frequency global vibration modes of the structure, resulting in notable differences in modal frequencies. Among all cases, the most pronounced variation occurs when the transverse span is reduced by 20%, producing a frequency difference of –11.55%. Excluding the low-frequency global modes, increasing or decreasing the transverse span still causes substantial changes in the modal frequencies of the overall structure. In contrast, changes in the longitudinal span have only minor effects on the structural frequencies.
5.Under the same wind pressure load, increasing or decreasing the longitudinal span results in only minor changes in the structural stress. Although the locations of maximum stress differ, the stress values remain approximately 140 MPa. In contrast, reducing the transverse span leads to a maximum stress of 105.97 MPa, while increasing the transverse span produces a maximum stress of 152.11 MPa. These two values show a clear and significant difference.
6.Regarding the characteristics of the blower-generated wind field, the wind speed test results indicate that the nondimensional power spectral density (PSD) distribution of the wind field is similar to that of an atmospheric turbulent boundary layer. However, the longitudinal length scale is slightly higher than typical values.
7.When the array configuration of the full-scale solar panel system is changed to 2×6 or 4×6, the local vibration mode of the L-beam, originally around 20 Hz, drops to below 10 Hz. For these two array configurations, the number of modes below 10 Hz increases from the original three modes to thirteen and eighteen modes, respectively. In addition, several new vibration modes appear, characterized by coupling between the C-beam and the panel surface.
8.By applying the real wind-pressure load to the solar panel system and performing a transient response analysis, it is observed that the maximum equivalent stress in both array configurations exceeds the yield stress of the SS400 material (230 MPa). For the 2×6 array, the maximum equivalent stress reaches 873.4 MPa, occurring at the bolt hole located at the center of the uppermost C-beam. For the 4×6 array, the maximum equivalent stress increases to 1247.7 MPa, occurring at the bolt hole of the upper locking plate at the upper-left corner.
9.For the currently used 2×3 full-scale solar panel system, fatigue damage is expected to occur only after approximately 2.3025 years under a wind direction of 135 degrees and a wind speed of 40 m/s. However, if the system is subjected to a fully reversed cyclic stress of 131.91 MPa at resonance, fatigue failure would occur within 18.20 to 47.94 hours.
10.For the aeroelastic scaled model, the modal validation results show good agreement for the first and third global vibration modes. However, the frequency errors for the fourth and fifth modes exceed 10%. Although the remaining modes meet the specified frequency error criteria, their MAC values are all below 0.4. It is inferred that when using the frequency-domain method for polynomial decoupling, severe modal interference makes it difficult to separate the parameters of each mode within the system, ultimately leading to poor validation results. To address this issue, modal parameter identification will be performed using a time-domain method. With this approach, modes associated with nearly repeated eigenvalues have a better chance of being effectively identified through time-domain algorithms.
11.The wind tunnel test results show that the peak corresponding to the first-order panel vibration mode is not clearly identifiable, whereas the second-order panel vibration mode at 44 Hz is more distinct. As the wind speed increases, interaction between the flow field and the structure intensifies, causing the frequencies of the two to couple. This coupling makes it increasingly difficult to identify the peaks associated with the structure’s inherent modes. Among all tested wind directions, the most severe interaction occurs at the wind direction angle of 135 degrees.
12.As the wind speed increases, the frequency of the second-order panel vibration mode generally increases as well. However, when the wind acts laterally (wind directions 90° and –90°) or from the rear (wind directions 180° and –135°), the frequency decreases with increasing wind speed.
13.At the wind direction angle of 0°, the frequency deviation of the panel surfaces is the most pronounced. In contrast, frequency deviation is relatively minor at 90° and 270°, which is consistent with the findings of the 2023 (Year 112) study. Only the 45° and –45° wind directions exhibit more noticeable and corresponding frequency deviations, and in both cases the panels closest to the wind source show the largest deviations. In the final report of the 2023 commissioned research project, the natural frequency deviation behaviors at 0° and 180° were opposite, and the panels closest to the wind source exhibited frequency deviation. However, such a trend was not observed in the present wind tunnel test results.
IV.Key Recommendations
Recommendation 1
Establish Safety Assessment Guidelines for Solar PV Panel Array Expansion and Supporting Structure Span: Immediate Feasible Suggestions
Lead Agency: Architecture Building Research Institute (ABRI), Ministry of the Interior, ROC (Taiwan)
Co-organizing Agency: National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology
Research indicates that when the solar PV panel array is expanded (e.g., to 2×6 or 4×6 configurations), the maximum equivalent stress in the structure increases significantly and exceeds the material yield stress (e.g., 230 MPa for SS400 used in this study). Furthermore, increasing the transverse span of the structure has a substantial impact on both vibration frequencies and stress levels. It is recommended to establish stricter structural safety design codes and verification procedures for large arrays and varying span configurations. During design, particular attention should be paid to the risk of stress concentration caused by changes in the transverse span. Mandatory structural strength analyses should be conducted for multi-array modules to ensure safety under strong wind conditions.
Recommendation 2
Introduce Time-Domain Analysis to Refine Modal Parameter Identification and Resonance Fatigue Life Assessment: Medium- to Long-Term Recommendations
Lead Agency: National Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizing Agency: National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology
Given that the frequency-domain method is limited in effectively identifying parameters when severe modal interference occurs in aeroelastic models, it is recommended that future studies adopt time-domain analysis to more accurately separate closely spaced modal parameters. Furthermore, the research indicates that if the structure enters resonance with the wind, the fatigue life can decrease dramatically from several years to less than 48 hours. Therefore, it is recommended that future wind tunnel tests and inspection standards incorporate more precise resonance risk assessment and time-domain identification techniques to prevent premature fatigue failure caused by aeroelastic interactions, thereby enhancing the durability of solar energy installations.
", "相關檔案": "15-114以縮尺氣彈模型進行太陽能板系統尺寸與結構特性之研究成果報告(報部)2(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339184/8386acbc-7273-4347-a201-6ffe1df06549.pdf);" }, { "ArticleType": "0", "FileName": "", "Link": "", "Source": "https://www.abri.gov.tw/News_Content_Table.aspx?n=807&s=339179", "ModifyDate": "Tue, 23 Jun 2026 06:03:00 GMT", "title": "整合BIM及大型語言模型分析排程工序、資源以最佳化建築施工階段碳排放", "計畫主持人": "林之謙", "協同主持人": "", "執行單位": "", "執行行程": "2025-02-01", "執行行程(結束)": "2025-12-31", "GPN": "", "ISBN": "", "MOIS": "", "組別": "工程技術組", "執行方式": "委託研究", "關鍵詞": "碳排放量、淨零碳排、大型語言模型、BIM模型", "參考文獻": "", "中文摘要": "一、研究緣起
為響應我國淨零建築目標，建築全生命週期中的碳足跡逐漸受到關注，其中蘊含碳排放的減少成為重要議題。特別是在興建階段，除了對建築材料這一大比例來源進行優化外，如何藉由減少興建過程中的蘊含碳排放，進一步累積成小比例的總體效應，也是實現淨零建築的重要一步。目前的施工排程管理在碳排放分析領域仍然有不少挑戰。在傳統碳排放減量策略多集中於選擇低碳材料與節能設備，這些方法往往無法解決施工排程與資源調配所帶來的額外碳排放問題。因此，如何有效將施工排程與碳排放計算結合，並針對施工工序進行優化，在不影響工期為前提減少碳排放，成為目前工程管理重要的議題。而目前有關資源配置排程及碳排放的研究並不多，其中整合自動化排程與資源配置為本研究相當重要的課題。近年來大型語言模型技術的快速發展，其在分析排程細節及拆解工序邏輯方面有著優異的能力。LLMs開始能夠自動解析排程資料，提取關鍵工序與資源配置資訊進行配對，提供排程中各個工項所對應的資源配置。
二、研究方法及過程
本計畫旨在克服現有碳排放分析與施工排程管理的不足，並在確保施工進度不受影響的前提下，提出降低碳排放的可行方案。為達成本研究計劃的目的，預期成果包括三個面向：應用大型語言模型技術、整合BIM與碳排放分析、最佳化施工階段碳排放。本研究應用大型語言模型分析工程排程資料，以辨識施工過程中所需的人力、設備及材料（人、機、料）。透過先進的語意解析與數據檢索技術，模型能夠拆解排程工序的邏輯與模組。此外，大型語言模型能有效處理非結構化資料，進一步提升施工計畫的分析能力，減少傳統手動排程分析的誤差。為提升施工階段碳排放分析的準確性，本研究將排程資料與 BIM 模型中的元件及材料資訊整合，建立施工碳排放計算模型。透過 BIM 提供的建築元件材料資訊，結合排程資訊中的資源需求，研究將能夠量化各個工項的碳排放量，進而提供科學化的評估依據。此資料整合方式能夠提升碳排放計算的精準度。
在確保施工進度不受影響的前提下，應用要徑分析找出排程中的關鍵工項，並針對這些工序進行碳排放的最佳化分析。透過調整資源配置、施工順序等策略，減少關鍵工項的碳排放量，從而降低整體工程項目的碳足跡。不僅能有效減少施工過程中的碳排放，同時確保工期不受影響，使工程能夠在兼顧永續發展的前提下順利推進。
三、重要發現
本研究目前已完成基礎階段的重要工作，在資料蒐集方面，已成功蒐集完整的相關資料，包括施工排程、BIM模型、工程資源資料庫以及碳排放係數資料庫。在技術開發方面，已完成工項資源匹配的真值建立與自動匹配框架開發，建立人工標註的對應關係作為驗證基準，並開發大型語言模型結合檢索增強生成技術的自動匹配流程。此外，已完成碳排放計算的真值建立工作，針對混凝土澆置等關鍵工項建立準確的碳排放計算基準，為後續自動化碳排放分析提供驗證依據。
研究工作分為三個階段逐步推進。第一階段為完善大型語言模型於工程工項資源的匹配，包括建立更完整的碳排放係數資料庫、開發自動尋找全部排程的功能、運用光學文字辨識（OCR）技術提高資料處理績效，以及評估大型語言模型擷取結果與真值的準確性。第二階段為大型語言模型與BIM模型整合及計算碳排放，將開發自動提取BIM模型元件資訊的功能、應用大型語言模型自動匹配工項與元件資料、建立自動化碳排放量計算流程，並評估自動計算流程結果與真值的精確度。第三階段為要徑分析與減碳策略的開發，將深入研究施工階段的減碳策略、開發自動生成減碳策略的流程，並進行碳排放與排程的最佳化分析，確保在不影響工期的前提下達成最佳減碳效果。
四、主要建議事項
(一)、建議一
建立「推動BIM模型標準化與資料開放」：立即可行建議
主辦機關：行政院公共工程委員會+內政部國土管理署+內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心
BIM技術是本研究的重要資料來源，但BIM模型的品質與標準化程度，直接影響碳排放評估的可行性與準確性。建議政府推動BIM模型的標準化與資料開放，以下為幾個建議方法：制定公共工程BIM模型交付標準。明確規範不同專案階段、不同工程規模達到的BIM模型細緻度、資訊深度、檔案格式等要求，此種標準化模型讓資訊達到一致性，避免溝通上的分歧。另外一個方法是建立BIM模型資料的長期保存機制。要求公共工程除提交Revit等軟體專屬格式外，同時匯出IFC開放格式，確保資料的長期可讀性與跨軟體相容性，並建立公共工程BIM資料庫，集中保存各專案的BIM模型與相關文件，以供後續研究、業界參考使用。此外鼓勵BIM模型包含施工相關資訊是另一個好方法，要求BIM模型包含臨時設施、施工分區、機具配置、施工順序等施工規劃資訊，並推動BIM與PCCES的資料整合、研究開發BIM模型構件與PCCES工項的自動對應機制，簡化資料處理流程有助於節省時間和增加匹配的正確率。
(二)、建議二
建立「建立台灣本土化碳排放係數資料庫」：中長期進行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：財團法人台灣建築中心, 中華民國營建工程學會, 台灣工程法學會, 中華民國環境工程學會
碳排放係數資料庫的不足是當前施工階段碳排放管理的最大瓶頸。建議內政部建築研究所或環境部應主導建立涵蓋施工機具、工法、材料的完整碳排放係數資料庫，作為產業界進行碳排放評估的權威參考來源。以下為建立碳排放係數資料庫的階段性建議：優先建立高碳排放強度工項的係數，如混凝土澆置、土方開挖、鋼構吊裝等核心工項的機具碳排放係數。此類高碳排強度的工項佔據大部分碳排放，因此這部分碳排放係數的準確率，對於整體碳排放量估計影響巨大。第二部分是增加一般建築工程常用機具與工法的碳排放係數，這部分工項雖不是碳排放的大宗，但因在工地常見，其估計準確率仍為不可忽視的一部分。第三部分是涵蓋特殊工程類型，如橋梁、隧道、水利工程等專業領域。這部分會進一步提高碳排放量估計的準確率，因為在建立前述的高碳排工項、常見工項及機具的係數時，實驗條件、專家經驗分享可能並非基於特定工程。另外，資料庫如果有持續更新機制，將會進一步提升估計準確率，畢竟工法、材料、機具與能源消耗都是與時俱進。
(三)、建議三
建立「施工資訊數位轉型框架與指引」：中長期進行建議
主辦機關：行政院公共工程委員會+內政部國土管理署+內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：臺大BIM研究中心
建議發展施工資訊數位轉型框架與指引，以確保所有參與單位在專案生命週期內均能使用一致、準確且同步更新的資料。現階段施工文件常因資料分散來源多元、用語不一致及仍依賴人工處理，使文件內容易產生落差，造成重複作業、資訊比對困難，進而降低整體管理效率。透過建立統一的數位化資訊框架，可大幅提升跨單位協作與資料可信度。本建議內容包含對資源資訊、施工進度活動名稱及術語、資源需求計畫、以及各工項的碳排放數據等重要資料進行標準化與數位化管理。確保上述資料能透過共享的平台統一蒐集、儲存與更新，能有效避免因文件定義模糊或用語不一致造成的誤解，並強化專案成員之間的溝通效率。此外，透過數位化機制，可提供即時更新、跨文件自動比對與檢查的功能，並支援進階分析，如資源需求預測或工程碳足跡評估。同時，也能提升資料可追溯性，使專案團隊得以清楚掌握每項變更紀錄，強化施工階段的稽核與管理能力。總體而言，施工文件資訊數位化可簡化管理流程、降低行政成本、提升決策效率，並協助專案逐步邁向更智慧化、資料驅動的管理模式。因此建議將此項措施納入施工文件與整體管理制度中，以確保專案資訊的完整性與一致性。
", "英文摘要": "In response to the growing emphasis on net-zero building goals， the carbon footprint associated with the entire lifecycle of buildings has garnered increasing attention. Among these concerns， reducing embodied carbon emissions has emerged as a critical issue. Notably， during the construction phase， optimizing building materials， which constitute a significant source of emissions， is essential. Furthermore， reducing the embodied carbon emissions generated during the construction process can accumulate into small yet substantial overall effects， making it a pivotal step toward achieving net-zero buildings.
In response to the growing emphasis on net-zero building goals， the carbon footprint associated with the entire lifecycle of buildings has garnered increasing attention. Among these concerns， reducing embodied carbon emissions has emerged as a critical issue. Notably， during the construction phase， optimizing building materials， which constitute a significant source of emissions， is essential. Furthermore， reducing the embodied carbon emissions generated during the construction process can accumulate into small yet substantial overall effects， making it a pivotal step toward achieving net-zero buildings.
Current construction scheduling management faces numerous challenges in the realm of carbon emissions analysis. Traditional carbon reduction strategies primarily focus on selecting low-carbon materials and energy-efficient equipment. However， these methods often overlook additional carbon emissions resulting from construction scheduling and resource allocation. Consequently， integrating construction scheduling with carbon emissions calculations and optimizing construction processes to reduce emissions while ensuring project timelines remain unaltered has become a pressing topic in construction management. Currently， construction scheduling and carbon emissions analysis are heavily reliant on manual planning and data analysis， rendering it challenging to assess the impact of various construction processes and resource allocations on carbon emissions. Moreover， carbon emission calculations are typically based on material usage and emission coefficients， with limited consideration of factors such as construction sequence and equipment operation time. This often leads to discrepancies between predicted and actual emissions.
Research on scheduling optimization in the context of resource allocation is still in its nascent stages. This study will focus on providing automated scheduling and resource allocation solutions， which will be a critical aspect of the research. The rapid advancements in LLMs have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in analyzing scheduling details and deconstructing process logic. LLMs can autonomously parse scheduling data， extract key processes， and match them with corresponding resource allocation information. This enables the generation of resource configurations for various construction activities within the schedule.
The primary objective of this project is to address the limitations of current carbon emissions analysis and construction scheduling management systems. By proposing feasible solutions， the project aims to reduce carbon emissions without compromising project schedules. To achieve this goal， the study will concentrate on three key outcomes： the application of large language model technology， the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) with carbon emissions analysis， and the optimization of carbon emissions during the construction phase.
This research will utilize large language models to analyze construction scheduling data， identifying the workforce， machinery， and materials required for construction. By employing advanced semantic analysis and data retrieval techniques， the model can deconstruct the logical structure and modular components of construction scheduling processes. Additionally， LLMs can effectively process unstructured data， further enhance the analytical capabilities of construction planning and reduce errors associated with traditional manual scheduling analysis.
To enhance the accuracy of carbon emissions analysis during the construction phase， this study integrates scheduling data with component and material information from BIM models to develop a construction carbon emissions calculation model. By utilizing material data provided by BIM and incorporating resource demand information from scheduling data， the study aims to quantify the carbon emissions of individual construction activities， thereby providing a scientific basis for evaluation. This integrated data approach enhances the precision of carbon emissions calculations.
Under the premise of ensuring that construction schedules remain unaffected， the study applies critical path analysis to identify key construction activities and conduct optimization analyses for their carbon emissions. By adjusting resource allocation and construction sequences， the study aims to reduce carbon emissions in critical construction activities， thereby lowering the overall carbon footprint of the project. This approach not only effectively reduces carbon emissions during the construction process but also ensures that project timelines remain intact，enabling projects to progress smoothly while promoting sustainable development.
", "相關檔案": "11-整合BIM及大型語言模型分析排程工序、資源以最佳化建築施工階段碳排放-成果報告(https://ws.moi.gov.tw/001/Upload/404/relfile/9489/339179/4738180b-6e72-4879-9083-0a3c6b60fee4.pdf);" } ]