中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

一、研究緣起
高齡社會的到來已是各國需積極面對的課題，於考量高齡者生活環境之面向中，除了給予「安全」的無障礙環境以及「安心」的細心照顧外，更應該以排解壓力、恢復心靈平和的「安定」為依歸，並藉由療癒性生活環境的規劃設計與提供來促進身、心、靈三者間的平衡，以提升高齡者晚年生活的品質。
近年來高齡者生活品質已為照護體系與衛生政策之重要指標，老人自覺之生活品質概念更涵括了身心的健康或調適、社會關係及連結靈性或個人價值信念等七大層面，在生活品質的營造過程中涵括了各種主客觀意識的作用，其背後更深受個人過去生命歷程中的種種經驗影響。
許多高齡者往往因退休而增長許多居處在家中的時間，站在健康促進與預防失能的角度幫助高齡者維持甚至提升其生理功能與延緩老化到來，讓高齡者參與休閒活動是提昇生活品質的必要因素，更可藉此形成社會互動、產生人際關係的支持。另一方面，宗教信仰普遍存在高齡族群中，簡單的靈性或個人價值信念追求往往在居家空間即可被滿足。因此對高齡者而言，居家的日常生活中休閒活動的安排與宗教靈性活動需求的滿足顯得的十分重要。
近年來因內政部建築研究所推廣，高齡療癒性環境的研究從理論到設計概念與要項逐一建立。在進一步提升高齡生活品質的願景下，必須將療癒環境設計與高齡者的生活經驗連結，其中包含深入了解其文化與宗教因素下的居家設計，將其安排與設計重點加以彙整成為結合高齡生活經驗的療癒性環境設計，讓高齡者在未來可以據以實踐，使建築與設計得以朝向全人整體的照顧。
二、研究方法及過程
本研究以(1)文獻回顧法探討療癒環境、高齡者的生活經驗以及居家空間設計三者之關連性，並建立在不同居家空間可操作檢視的注意要項。藉由(2)焦點團體法，和與會專家共同探討個人生活經驗裡的休閒嗜好及宗教活動於高齡居家空間所應具備之特徵及設計要點，讓環境空間能更加客製化、更溫暖地貼近使用者。研究的初步成果再次邀請跨領域專家學者進行會議與訪談進行修正。(3) 最後透過業界具多年設計經驗的室內設計單位所提供設計案例，並透過居家服務單位的引介實地拜訪具療癒性的高齡居家環境案例共10間。探討其室內空間設計與理想療癒空間設計的具體對應。藉由前述研究方法具體探討未來對高齡者居家室內空間所應具有的規劃設計要點，以協助高齡者獲得健康生活的療癒環境。
三、研究結果
研究結果顯示，在從事宗教信仰活動與休閒興趣時，大多不需增添許多特別或特殊的設備設施，高齡者多以現有的空間、傢俱複合使用並配合活動工具或宗教象徵物。除有特殊需求，一般空間上的要求以客、餐廳一隅或書房等現有空間中，具適宜照明且通風寧靜處即可滿足。然需特別注意，在居家空間方面，活動空間須建立在健康的環境之上，意即必須在聲光熱氣各方面皆合乎標準的環境，達成後，方能進一步思考如何使其成無療癒環境的設置。此外，考量高齡者的老化狀態，無障礙環境與個別客製化的設計設備需納入考量，使高齡者活動過程可以更安全、更近便並提高活動意願，是成為療癒環境的前提。在完成的設計上的細節則需以保留老傢俱、收納展示紀念品等從作用，由使用者角度出發的思考方式來進行設計，亦需請設計單位審慎考量，讓療癒的力量能自然而然作用於環境的使用與生活，方是一成功的療癒環境。

I.Research Rationale
The advent of an aged society has become a serious issue which many countries need to deal with. When it comes to considering the aspects of living environments for the aged population, a “safe” barrier-free environment, a community-based care service that can offer the state of “peace of mind”, and a pressure-relieving and mentally restoring “stability state” ought to be taken into account in order to plan and create a healing environment. A balanced body-mind-spirit condition can therefore be achieved, opening a door to the “successful aging” for the elderly.  
Whether healing elements could be effectively integrated into the living environment for elderly or not depends on the hardware installation from living environments, communities, or institutions and the supporting operations of corresponding software heavily. A successful combination of these conditions can then offer a comprehensive service for the elderly. Therefore, on the purpose to make the elderly for having a better life quality, this research aim to discuss and bring up some suggestions via introducing healing elements into home/living environment by literature reviewing, case studying, interviewing and field researching to fulfill the the purpose. It is supposed to bring up some key elements for not only desingers but also elderlies to construct a better living envitonment. 
II.Research Methods and Processes
In terms of methodology, literature review helped to construct the inventory and structure of healing environment for elderly. Focus group was then introduced before and after the inventory to check the contents and resonablitity; in-depth interviews went after to find out the how do interest and spirituality be introduced into healing environment in Taiwan. 10 case studies are also analylizes hence advices are given thus. Eventually, suggested key points for planning and designing healing environments with spirituality and hobbits for elderlies in Taiwan are drawn up for future reference. 
III.Results
The results indicate that it is qualified to do activities accrording to one’s religion  or by interests in spaces such as dinning room or simply sitting at the cornor of living room as long as they are equipped with adequate lighting, proper ventilation and good serenity. However, it is noticeable that the environment should be conducted on the basis of healthy environment which means the sound, lighting, heat, ventilation and water in environment should be all concluded into consederation. Barrier-free and customized equipments and facilities is a must as well. It is also important to keep an eye on details such as retain old furnitures, display collections as for the elderlies, the olds represnt familiarity, they are the sources of healing. Design from users’ experiences are one of the key elements of building healing environment. Under all these circumstances, healing would benefits people easier and simpler naturely.