中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

一、研究緣起
我國建築技術規則建築設計施工編第46條之防音條文，規定新建或增建之住宅分戶樓板，須符合輕量衝擊源樓板衝擊音隔音基準，惟「重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音」尚未建立相關規範或基準。因此，本研究針對樓板重量衝擊音特性，進行相關實驗分析，建立量測標準作業程序，並探討相關評估方法。
此外，內政部建築研究所已於107年參照國際標準組織ISO 10140系列之實驗室量測標準完成「CNS建築聲學實驗室量測標準」修訂草案之研擬，本研究(108年度)賡續進行ISO 16032系列之「CNS建築聲學現場量測標準」修訂草案之研擬，以與ISO國際化標準接軌，提供國內主管機關修訂相關標準之參考依據，以對應國內法規應用及產業發展之需求。
二、研究方法與過程
本研究彙集比較不同重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音之量測標準，如ISO、JIS以及CNS等，作為建立量測標準作業程序之參考依據，並於RC基準樓板上方進行11組不同樓板表面材構造重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音實驗分析，掌握頻率特性，及探討表面材構造對重量衝擊音隔音之影響。此外，本研究因應ISO聲學現場量測標準更新趨勢，針對ISO聲學現場量測法及規定進行翻譯彙整，依專家諮詢會議之建議進行修正，據以提出CNS聲學標準修訂建議草案。
三、重要發現
1.本研究彙整比較ISO、JIS以及CNS等標準對於重量衝擊源之要求、量測相關規定，並針對本研究不同樓板表面材之實驗變因，依據規定之標準作業程序進行實驗室量測以及評估計算，結果顯示，目前ISO標準針對重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音之改善係以各頻率有無樓板表面材衝擊聲壓位準之差值表示，尚無單一數值評定計算方法；而JIS標準則訂有以5 dB為一級距之評估曲線進行等級評定方法，惟此評定法無法具體呈現表面材重量衝擊音各頻率之差異與改善程度。
2.因重量衝擊音以最大衝擊聲壓位準為主，而輕量衝擊音以量測能量平均聲壓位準，且依標準規定其截取頻率範圍有所差異，故兩者所代表之模擬衝擊音來源不同；本研究不同樓板表面材重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音實驗結果顯示，相較於裸樓板，在設置乾式平鋪或架高木地板表面材構造後，易造成重量衝擊音增加之現象，而不論乾濕式樓板表面材構造，在增設緩衝材後皆可提升部分低頻頻率對於重量衝擊音之隔音，研究成果可作為未來設計應用之參考。
3.近年國際標準組織ISO針對聲學量測標準進行更新，將原ISO 140系列現場量測法整合更新為ISO 16283系列，由於我國CNS 15160系列聲學標準係參照ISO 140制修訂，故本研究進行ISO 16283標準之全文翻譯引用，研擬3個相對應之CNS標準修訂建議草案，包括「聲學-建築構件隔音現場量測法-空氣音隔音」、「聲學-建築構件隔音現場量測法-衝擊音隔音」以及「聲學-建築構件隔音現場量測法-外牆隔音」，作為標檢局未來標準更新之參考依據。
四、主要建議事項
建議一
為提出重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音之因應對策，建議進行建築物重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音隔音設計對策之研究：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：無
增設樓板表面材以提升整體樓板隔音性能為常見樓板衝擊音隔音改善策略，惟輕量與重量衝擊源所模擬之衝擊音頻率特性不同，故樓板表面材隔音設計，應同時考量對應兩類衝擊音之改善特性與效益，方能確保隔音性能，故建請賡續辦理建築物重量衝擊源樓板衝擊音隔音設計對策之研究，以確保國內建築音環境品質。
建議二
為因應ISO 16283聲學現場量測標準更新之趨勢，建議進行新版CNS建築聲學現場量測標準法制化作業：立即可行建議
主辦機關：經濟部標準檢驗局
協辦機關：內政部建築研究所
近年國際標準組織ISO針對聲學量測標準進行更新，將原ISO 140系列現場量測法整合更新為ISO 16283系列，而我國CNS 15160建築聲學標準為引用ISO相關標準之內容訂定，故可依循更新趨勢及標準內容，建議全文翻譯引用ISO 16283系列標準，進行新版建築聲學現場標準制修訂作業，以符合國際標準更新趨勢，並有助於國內相關產業之發展。

1.Reasons of this study
In Taiwan, the current standard about building acoustics, CSN 15160, was drawn according to series of ISO 140 that have been reorganized and updated into series of ISO 10140. To catch up the trend of updating building acoustic standard around the world and support domestic industries to connect with the international, this study investigated the discrepancies between the new and the previous edition of acoustic standards in ISO 16283, then suggested the draft of CNS related standards revision as the reference for Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection to execute interrelated programs.
2.Methods and process
This study compared and collected measurement standards from various countries, such as ISO JIS and CNS standards, that was order to establish the standard operating procedures of heavy-weight impact sound measurement. this study has completed the experiment and analysis of heavy-weight impact sound of 11 pieces of different floor surface materials, to understand frequency property and the impact sound insulation value. Besides, this study caught up the trend of updating building acoustic standard around the world and translted ISO 16283, then proposed the draft of CNS related standards revision.
3.Result
(1)This study compares the requirements of ISO, JIS and CNS standards for weight impact sources and measurement related regulations. In this study, the experimental variables of different surface materials were measured and evaluated according to the standard operating procedures.
(2)According to the ISO standard, the weight impact sound value was based on the maximum impact sound pressure level and the light impact sound value was based on the energy-average sound pressure level, the frequency properties of the two impact sources were different. This study showed after installing the wooden floor or floating wooden floor surface material, it was to cause the increase of the weight impact sound. The weight impact sound of low-frequency was improved by using the resilience material under the floating floor surface material.
(3)3 drafts, for revising the related building acoustic standards of CNS (as shown in appendix 5 to 7), has been drawn up according to the update edition of ISO. That may be used as reference for Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection to update CNS.
4.Recommendation
Get underway the program of measurement and performance rating of heavy-weight impact sound for building floor.：For immediate strategies
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute, Ministry of the Interior
Co-organizer: none
Explanation: Installing floor surface material to improve the floor impact sound insulation was effective strategy. We should consider the improvement characteristics and effects of the two types of impact sound sources, which were light-weight impact sound and heavy-weight impact sound. It is recommended to study the program of sound insulation design and strategies of heavy-weight impact sound for building floor.
Response to the update of ISO 16283 serial, it is recommended to revise the related standards of CNS.：For immediate strategies
Organizer: Architecture and Building Research Institute
Co-organizer: Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection
Explanation: CNS 15160 was drawn up according to ISO 140 serial. And now that the ISO 140 that was about filed measurement standard has been updated into ISO 16283, CNS 15160 should be updated as well. It is recommended revise CNS 15160 conforming to ISO 16283 which keep CNS and ISO as the same state.