中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

我國現今的「鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範」為內政部營建署於民國96年7月1日頒佈實施，歷經15餘年之產業與專業技術進步，國內鋼結構工程技術有相當程度之變化與增進，包括材料規定、製造、吊裝與檢驗等方式均有改變。綜合國內、外新近鋼結構技術與規範之修訂方向與內容、及鋼結構施工技術發展與研究成果，針對我國未來鋼結構建築物設計之需要，已初步研擬新版的「鋼結構設計規範」草案。新版規範(草案)是依據美國鋼結構協會AISC規範架構與相關研究成果編定，然規範中有不少規定之背景條件與考量因素仍和我國情況不同，為使新版規範能符合我國情況，本研究針對我國鋼結構環境，研究符合我國鋼結構工程需要之內容。美國AISC是以活載重為靜載重的3倍來考慮相關載重組合，而台灣的載重大小反而是靜載重大於活載重大，此項載重情況會影響「容許應力設計法ASD」與「極限強度設計法LRFD」之架構，新版規範是將ASD與LRFD兩設計法合併在一起，以LRFD法為主來訂定規範內容，而ASD則以參數方式修改後使用，為使ASD在台灣能合理使用與推動，符合國內工程特性ASD設計法之安全係數可適度調整。
對於鋼板之材料規定，我國(CNS)大都參照日本規範，雖然目前新版鋼結構設計規範草案有參考兩者的差別，並依我國情況做調整，但針對較特殊的耐震結構物與特殊之施工方式，本研究完成新式鋼板材料因應我國本土耐震需要之最新材質定義與規格，可提供國內設計單位均一規格化之運用依據。台灣地區活載重大小對「容許應力設計法ASD」與「極限強度設計法LRFD」架構之影響，因應新版規範ASD與LRFD兩設計法合併使用之差異探討，LRFD法為主之架構下，ASD設計法可取更加經濟之參數，依本研究初步探討，ASD安全係數可酌予放寬約10%。
本研究相關成果，歸納出下述的主要結論：
1.本次鋼結構設計技術規範修訂研擬研究，將現行規範的容許應力設計法與極限設計法兩冊合併為一冊。將容許強度設計法取代現行規範的容許應力設計法，並以構材極限強度與機率式載重準則結合的 LRFD設計法為修訂基準，使容許強度設計法與LRFD設計法具相同安全等級的設計結果。
2.為提升鋼結構建築的耐震設計有效性，本修訂版本於第十四章耐震設計中導入材料的預期實際強度概念，做為構材或元件的強度容量設計基準，以期確保建築結構的實際受震行為與設計假設條件儘可能一致。
3.本計畫之修訂草案新增國內工程實務需求，或具高效率耐震性能的耐震系統，包括：懸臂柱、挫屈束制斜撐與鋼板剪力牆等耐震結構系統，及相關耐震設計規定。合計本規範草案對於各種可用於耐震設計之結構系統，分別規定於規範草案之第十四章14.5~14.14中，包括14.5 普通抗彎構架、14.6 部分抗彎構架、14.7 特殊抗彎構架、14.8 普通懸臂柱系統14.9 特殊懸臂柱系統、14.10 普通同心斜撐構架、14.11 特殊同心斜撐構架、14.12 偏心斜撐構架、14.13 挫屈束制斜撐構架、14.14 特殊鋼板剪力牆。
4.本次修訂的鋼結構設計技術規範(草案)大幅增列有關中空結構斷面(HSS)鋼管的接合規定，此部分有助於國內發展離岸風電支撐結構的本土化設計與施工技術。
5.新增加鋼結構技術近期較先進設計觀念及方法，如結構火害條件設計、既有結構物評估與構材穩定性側撐等附錄。
此外，根據本研究之內容，提出下列具體的建議。以下分別從中長期方向進行說明：
建議一(中長期可行建議)：賡續進行「鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範之修訂草案」審查；本研究計畫所完成之「鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範」修訂草案，由於與民國96年頒布的規範版本相比，變動幅度較大，建議將修訂完成之新版本草案且經本鋼結構設計規範修訂草案研擬之委員會研討確認後，將其草案提送內政部營建署審查，以更新現有「鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範」。
建議二(中長期建議)：陸續舉辦「鋼構造建築物鋼結構設計技術規範修訂草案講習活動」；後續由內政部建築研究所與相關單位審慎檢視由座談與講習過程，收集各界反映意見，並妥適納入修訂草案內容，以持續精進規範制定之成果。

In Taiwan area, current "Design Specification for Design and Construction of Steel Structure Buildings" was promulgated and implemented by the Ministry of The Interior on July 1, 1996. After more than 15 years of industrial and professional technological progress, domestic steel structure engineering technology has undergone considerable changes and enhancements, including changes in material regulations, manufacturing, hoisting and inspection methods. Combining the revision direction and content of recent domestic and foreign steel structure technologies and specifications, as well as the development and research results of steel structure construction technology, in response to the needs of future steel structure building design in Taiwan, a new version of the "Steel Structure Design Specification" draft has been preliminarily developed. The new version of the code (draft) is based on the AISC code structure and related research results compiled by the American Institute of Steel Construction. However, the background conditions and considerations of many provisions in the code are still different from the situation in Taiwan steel industry. In order to make the new version of the code conform to the situation in Taiwan, the research is aimed at the steel structure environment conformation for Taiwan area, and the research meets the needs of steel structure engineering. AISC in the United States considers the relevant load combination based on the live load as three times the static load, while the load in Taiwan is that the static load is greater than the live load. This loading condition will affect the framework of Allowable Stress Design method(ASD) and Load and resistance factor design method(LRFD). The new version of the specification combines ASD and LRFD design methods together, the LRFD method is mainly used to formulate the specification content, while the ASD is used after modification in the form of parameters. In order to make the ASD can be used and promoted reasonably in Taiwan, the safety factor of the ASD design method that conforms to the domestic engineering characteristics can be adjusted appropriately.
For steel plate material regulations, Taiwan’s code (CNS) mostly refers to Japanese standards, although the current draft of the new steel structure design code refers to the difference between the two, adjustment according to the situation in Taiwan should be done for further application. However, for more special earthquake-resistant structures and special construction methods, this research completes the latest material definition and specifications of new steel plate materials to meet local earthquake-resistant needs, which can provide a basis for uniform and standardized use by domestic design facilities. The impact of the live load in Taiwan on the frameworks of Allowable Stress Design method(ASD) and Load and resistance factor design method(LRFD), in response to the differences in the combined use of the two design methods ASD and LRFD in the new version of the code, under the framework of the LRFD method, ASD design The method can adopt more economical parameters. According to the preliminary discussion of this study, the ASD safety factor can be relaxed by about 10%.
The main conclusions of this research can be summarized as follows:
1.This study on the revision of the steel structure design technical specification combines the two volumes of the allowable stress design method and the limit design method of the current code into one volume.
2.In order to improve the effectiveness of the seismic design of steel structures, this revised version introduces the concept of expected actual strength of materials in Chapter 14 of seismic design, which serves as the basis for the design of the strength capacity of members or elements, as well as ensure the actual strength of the building structure. The seismic behavior is as consistent as possible with the design assumptions.
3.The revision draft on this research adds domestic engineering practice requirements, or seismic systems with high-efficiency seismic performance, including: seismic structural systems such as cantilever columns, buckled braces, and steel plate shear walls, and related seismic design regulations. In total, the various structural systems that can be used for seismic design in this draft code are stipulated in Chapter 14 14.5~14.14 of the draft code, including 14.5 Ordinary Moment-resistant Frame, 14.6 Partial Moment-resistant Frame, 14.7 Special Moment-resistant Frame, 14.8 General Cantilever Column System 14.9 Special Cantilever Column System, 14.10 Ordinary Concentric Braced Frame, 14.11 Special Concentric Braced Frame, 14.12 Eccentric Braced Frame, 14.13 Buckling Restrained Braced System Frame, 14.14 Special Steel Plate Shear Wall.
4.This revision of the steel structure design technical specification (draft) has greatly added the combined regulations for hollow structural section (HSS) steel pipes. This part will help the domestic development of local facilities design and construction technology for offshore wind power support structures.
5.Addition to recent advanced design concepts and methods of steel structure technology, such as the design of structural fire damage conditions, evaluation of existing structures, and side braces for structural stability.
In addition, according to the content of this study, the following specific suggestions are put forward. The following are descriptions from the medium and long-term directions:
Proposal 1(Medium and long-term feasible proposal): Continuously reviewing the "Draft Revision of Technical Specifications for Steel Structure Design of Steel Structure Buildings", Compared with the specification version promulgated in 2007, the revision draft of "Technical Specifications for Steel Structure Design of Steel Structure Buildings" completed by this research project has changed greatly. After the committee discusses and confirms the revision draft of the design specification, the draft will be submitted to the Ministry of the Interior for review, so as to update the existing "Technical Specifications for Steel Structure Design of Steel Structure Buildings".
Proposal 2(Medium and long-term feasible proposal): Continuing to hold "Steel Structure Building Steel Structure Design Technical Code Revised Draft Conference", in the follow-up, The Architecture and Building Research Institute (ABRI) and relevant facilities will carefully review the discussion and conference conclusions, collect opinions from all workshops, and properly incorporate them into the content of the revised draft, so as to continuously improve the results of the specification content.