中華民國內政部建築研究所中華民國內政部建築研究所

本研究首先探討設置住宅自動撒水設備工程實務上可能遭遇的問題與可行對策，以3層單一所有權住宅和4層區分所有權集合住宅為例，分別建立水道連結型自動撒水設備獨立水箱式和民生水箱共用式的BIM建築資訊模型，藉由BIM模型明細表來估算實務裝設所需的成本，再結合工程實務經驗規劃住宅設置自動撒水設備的材料計算公式，反覆將計算結果與BIM模型明細表測試比對後，製作住宅自動撒水設備的造價預測工具，以供實務工作者快速計算住宅設置自動撒水設備需要的材料數量和預算。以獨立水箱式且設置加壓幫浦為例，當樓地板面積為100 m2～200 m2時，單位建置成本約為2965元/m2～1483元/m2。設置民生水箱共用式且設置加壓幫浦時，則單位建置成本約為2765元/m2～1383元/m2；就撒水頭裝置單價來說100 m2～200 m2的住宅，約需設置8～15只水道連結型撒水頭，獨立水箱式且設置加壓幫浦時，單位建置成本約為17,300元/只~ 13,567元/只。民生水箱共用式且設置加壓幫浦時，單位建置成本則為14,800元/只~ 12,233元/只。從安全角度，住宅設置自動撒水設備可抑制火勢成長、保護住戶生命及財產安全、防止火災擴大危及鄰房安全；以外，住宅自動撒水設備還能減少火災溫室氣體的排放、降低救災水源的使用量與整體市政運營費用的支出。因此，本研究建議於各類場所消防安全設備設置標準第12條第2款第13目增列「非集合式之住宅」場所，另於同標準第17條修訂無論是集合住宅或非集合式住宅都應設置自動撒水設備，惟5層以下的住宅選用設置水道連結型自動撒水設備之規定。
經由研究執行結果，為進一步協助推動住宅裝置水道連結撒水設備，建議未來可以加強的措施如下：
建議一
建築物水系統滅火設備水力計算驗證之研究：立即可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、財團法人消防教育學術研究基金會
住宅設置水道連結型自動撒水設備的目的是於火災初期的時候針對未燃燒之可燃物進行預濕潤，以延長閃燃發生的時間，提高住家民眾避難的成功率。然而，成本為影響民眾裝設意願的主要因素之一，除了設置民生水箱共用式外，在確保可發揮有效放水性能的情況下可透過管路系統管徑的調整，來降低設置成本。其中，水力計算的程序不僅可對於撒水頭放水性能進行驗證，也對管材選用、管路路徑、空間美觀性和設置成本有很大的影響。台灣目前尚未有標準之驗證程序，消防工程實務大多採取「管徑/數量配比表」概估管徑，且計算時假設每段配管的放水壓力及流量相同，在這樣的情況下往往低估配管摩擦損失，在選用幫浦時考慮較大的餘裕值。若有精確的摩擦損失分析，則必須將所有管段的配管摩擦損失都進行計算，如此一來需花費龐大的人力及時間成本。因此，未來有必要建立水力計算之驗證程序。
建議二
加強消防專技人員於住宅設置水道連結型自動撒水設備之訓練課程：中長期可行建議
主辦機關：內政部建築研究所
協辦機關：內政部消防署、財團法人消防教育學術研究基金會
建議加強消防專技人員對於住宅設置水道連結型自動撒水設備之訓練課程，以增加消防專技人員設置之專業，例如：NFPA 13D、NFPA 13R和日本相關設計、施工規範及維護檢修要領。

This study first discusses the problems and possible countermeasures that may be encountered in the practice of setting up automatic sprinkler equipment for residential buildings. Taking the 3-story single-ownership residence and the 4-story residential complex with different ownership as examples, the waterway-connected automatic sprinkler equipment independent water tank type and people's livelihood are respectively established. The shared BIM building information model of the water tank. Use the BIM model schedule to estimate the cost required for practical installation, and then plan the material calculation formula for installing automatic sprinkler equipment in the house based on engineering practice experience. After repeatedly comparing the calculation results with the BIM model schedule test, the automatic sprinkler for the house is made The equipment cost forecasting tool is used for practical workers to quickly calculate the quantity and budget of materials needed for automatic sprinkler equipment in residential buildings. Taking an independent water tank with a pressurized pump as an example, when the floor area of the building is 100 m2 to 200 m2, the unit construction cost is about NT$ 2965/m2 to NT$ 1483/m2. When the public water tanks are shared and pressurized pumps are installed, the unit construction cost is about NT$  2,765 /m2 to NT$ 1,383 /m2; as far as the unit price of the sprinkler device is 100 m2 to 200 m2, it needs to install about 8~ 15 waterway-connected sprinklers, independent water tanks and pressurized pumps are installed, the unit construction cost is about NT$ 17,300 to NT$ 13,567 . When Minsheng water tanks are shared and pressurized pumps are installed, the unit construction cost is NT$ 14,800 to NT$ 12,233. From a safety point of view, the installation of automatic sprinkler equipment in residential buildings can inhibit the growth of fire, protect the lives and property safety of residents, and prevent the expansion of fire from endangering the safety of neighboring houses; in addition, automatic sprinkler equipment in residential buildings can also reduce the emission of greenhouse gases in fires and reduce the use of disaster relief water sources and overall municipal operating expenses. Therefore, this study proposes to add "non-aggregate residences" to Article 12, Paragraph 2, Item 13 of the fire safety equipment installation standards for various places, and to amend Article 17 of the same standard whether it is a collective residence or a non-aggregate All residences shall be equipped with automatic sprinkler equipment, but residential buildings with less than 5 floors shall be equipped with waterway-connected automatic sprinkler equipment.